财达期货｜螺纹钢、铁矿石 周报 财达期货｜螺纹钢、铁矿石 周报 2025-07-07 短期受钢厂减产消息提振，螺矿盘面延续反弹走势 研究员 姓名：薛国鹏 Z0017173 请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 第 1 页 共 10 页 维持 F3073406 【螺纹钢】 期货方面：本周螺纹 10 合约在头多主力增仓驱动下维持小幅反弹走势。截 止周五，螺纹 10 合约收于 3072 元/吨，环比上周上涨 77.0 元， 周涨幅 2.57%。 从 业 资 格 号 ： 投 资 咨 询 号 ： 现货方面：本周螺纹主流地区价格普遍出现明显上调，整体成交小幅转好。 截止周五，全国螺纹平均报价上调 65 元至 3263 元/吨；其中上 海地区螺纹价格上调 90 元至 3170 元/吨；杭州地区螺纹价格上 调 90 元至 3220 元/吨；北京地区螺纹价格上调 20 元至 3170 元 /吨；天津地区螺纹价格上调 10 元至 3170 元/吨；广州地区螺 纹价格上调 100 元至 3250 元/吨。 基 本 面：供给方面：全国 247 家钢厂高炉开工率 83.46%，环比减少 0.36%， 同比增加 0.65%；高炉炼铁产能利用 ...

Group 1: Energy Cooperation - Energy has been a significant area of cooperation between China and the EU over the past 50 years, with both sides having a mutual need for traditional fossil fuels [1] - Future collaboration in renewable energy is expected to increase, as both Europe and China require substantial imports of oil and natural gas, leading to numerous global partnerships in upstream oil and gas exploration [1] - Companies like Total Energy are already engaged in cooperative exploration projects with China, aiming to lower costs through joint financing and procurement of Chinese products and services [1] Group 2: Agricultural Trade - Several Chinese feed manufacturers have signed an agreement to purchase 30,000 tons of Argentine soybean meal, marking the first order since the 2019 agreement allowing such imports [1] - The transaction price for the soybean meal is reported to be $360 per ton, including costs and freight, with expected delivery in September to Guangdong, China [1] - This order is viewed as a "test case," with expectations for more transactions if it passes China's inspection and quarantine [1] Group 3: US-China Trade Relations - The trade war initiated during Trump's first term has led China to reduce its reliance on the US, with significant decreases in imports of LNG, oil, meat, and soybeans from the US [3] - China has successfully negotiated contracts with other countries to replace US imports, causing anxiety in the US, particularly among industries reliant on the Chinese market [3] - The ongoing trade tensions have made US businesses wary, as escalating tariffs could significantly increase annual expenses for American households [3] Group 4: EU's Position - The EU has recognized that the US may exploit its alliance, prompting a reevaluation of its cooperation with the US against China [6] - European leaders, such as French President Macron, advocate for a "third way" that avoids taking sides in the US-China rivalry, aiming to establish a new alliance [4] - The EU's potential distancing from the US could limit America's strategic options and undermine its isolationist policies [6]

Group 1 - The core issue is the escalating global rare earth conflict, with the US and Europe facing severe shortages, particularly in rare earth magnets, which are critical for their industries [1][2] - The EU's ambassador to China expressed urgent need for cooperation from China to resolve the rare earth supply crisis, indicating a shift in Europe's previously strong stance [1][2] - China's dominance in the rare earth market, controlling approximately 90% of global supply, leaves Europe with limited alternatives, forcing them to seek assistance from China [1][2] Group 2 - The US is also experiencing a shortage of rare earths, prompting a strategic pivot towards copper as an alternative resource, with imports exceeding 500,000 tons in a few months [3][4] - The surge in copper imports is driven by fears of potential tariffs and a strategy to leverage copper in negotiations with China, highlighting the interdependence of the two economies [4][7] - Despite the importance of copper, its strategic value is considered limited compared to rare earths, as the US's reliance on copper is not as critical as Europe's dependence on rare earths [7][9] Group 3 - The ongoing trade war between the US and China is characterized as a long-term economic conflict, with both sides continuously adapting their strategies [9][12] - Recent indications of progress in US-China trade negotiations suggest that rare earths have become a pivotal point in the discussions, with potential easing of restrictions being considered [12][13] - The evolving international landscape necessitates vigilance and adaptability from both the US and China, as the competition for resources continues to shape their economic strategies [15][16]

Report Summary 1. Investment Rating The provided content does not mention any industry investment ratings. 2. Core Views - On July 1, 2025, A-share market showed mixed performance with the Shanghai Composite Index up 0.39%, Shenzhen Component Index up 0.11%, and ChiNext Index down 0.24%. The trading volume reached 1.466 trillion yuan, slightly down by 20.8 billion yuan from the previous day [1]. - The prices of various commodities showed different trends. For example, the CSI 300 index rose slightly, while the coke and coking coal weighted indexes declined. The prices of Zhengzhou sugar, rubber, palm oil, etc., were affected by different factors such as supply - demand relationships, weather conditions, and international trade situations [1][2][3]. 3. Summary by Variety Stock Index Futures - On July 1, the Shanghai Composite Index closed at 3457.75, up 0.39%; the Shenzhen Component Index closed at 10476.29, up 0.11%; the ChiNext Index closed at 2147.92, down 0.24%. The trading volume was 1.466 trillion yuan, a slight decrease of 20.8 billion yuan [1]. - The CSI 300 index closed at 3942.76, up 6.68 [2]. Coke and Coking Coal - On July 1, the coke weighted index closed at 1393.2, down 34.8; the coking coal weighted index closed at 823.9 yuan, down 27.8 [3][4]. - For coke, the cost of coking enterprises with long - term contracts may decrease, while those with market - based procurement may face higher costs. The probability of price increases after four rounds of price cuts is low [5]. - For coking coal, supply has tightened recently, and the inventory structure has improved. However, there is a strong expectation of coal mine resumption, and the terminal demand is under pressure [5]. Zhengzhou Sugar - Affected by the expected good harvest in Thailand and India, and the 22.1% decrease in Brazil's sugar production in the first half of June, the US sugar price fell on Monday, and the Zhengzhou sugar 2509 contract declined on Tuesday [5]. Rubber - Due to excessive rainfall in Thailand affecting rubber tapping, the spot price in Southeast Asia has been firm. The Shanghai rubber futures rose on Tuesday and fluctuated slightly at night. The inventory in Qingdao Port continued to increase [6][7]. Palm Oil - On July 1, palm oil was in a volatile state, closing at 8336, up 0.07%. As of June 27, the commercial inventory of palm oil in key regions increased by 23.57% week - on - week and 25.67% year - on - year [7]. Soybean Meal - Internationally, on July 1, CBOT soybeans fluctuated. The good condition of US soybeans was offset by the rise in soybean oil prices. Domestically, the soybean meal M2509 contract closed at 2961 yuan/ton on July 1. With sufficient soybean imports and high oil mill operating rates, soybean meal inventory will gradually increase, and it will run weakly [8]. Live Pigs - On July 1, the live pig futures contract LH2509 closed at 13865 yuan/ton, down 0.04%. The market is in a state of loose supply and demand, and the futures will run weakly [9]. Copper - Macroscopically, copper prices are supported by tight mines and low inventory, but the slowdown of Fed rate cuts and US tariff policies limit the upside. Fundamentally, overseas premiums drive LME copper inventory reduction, and domestic social inventory is lower than last year, so copper prices will continue to be strong [9]. Iron Ore - On July 1, the iron ore 2509 contract fell 1.32% to close at 708.5 yuan. Overseas shipments and domestic arrivals have decreased, while steel mills' blast furnace profits are good, and iron ore will fluctuate in the short term [9]. Asphalt - On July 1, the asphalt 2509 contract rose 0.17% to close at 3562 yuan. The processing profit has improved slightly, but demand is still weak, and the price will fluctuate in the short term [10]. Logs - On July 1, the log 2509 contract opened at 784, with a low of 778, a high of 789, and closed at 787, with an increase of 48 lots. The inventory in ports has increased slightly, and demand is weak [11]. Cotton - On the night of July 1, the Zhengzhou cotton main contract closed at 13775 yuan/ton. The cotton inventory in Xinjiang's designated delivery warehouses decreased by 62 lots [11]. Steel - On July 1, rb2510 closed at 3003 yuan/ton, and hc2510 closed at 3136 yuan/ton. The black - series rebound has paused, and although there are rumors of production cuts, terminal demand is still weak [11]. Alumina - Under the situation of supply surplus in the third quarter, alumina prices will be mainly determined by cost. The price is under pressure due to the expected large - scale new production capacity in the future [12]. Aluminum - The supply of electrolytic aluminum is close to the industry limit. Although terminal demand is in the off - season, the processing link has maintained a certain level of demand. Low inventory is currently supporting aluminum prices, but there is a risk of demand weakening in the future [12].

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing supply chain battle between China and the U.S. is intensifying, with the U.S. employing export controls as a central issue in trade negotiations, while China retaliates by controlling rare earth supplies [1][3]. Group 1: Supply Chain Dynamics - The U.S. has implemented stringent measures in the chip sector, effectively isolating China, while China has responded by leveraging its control over rare earth resources [1][6]. - China has adopted a "dual-line" strategy in rare earth exports, tightening controls on critical materials while easing restrictions on ordinary rare earths to meet civilian demand [6][4]. Group 2: Export Control Measures - Since April 2023, China has introduced an export licensing system for seven critical minerals, leading to a complete halt in exports of certain rare earths like terbium and dysprosium, which were previously exported in significant quantities [3][4]. - The U.S. has felt the pressure from these export restrictions, with companies like Ford experiencing production halts due to a lack of rare earth magnets essential for manufacturing [4][6]. Group 3: International Reactions - The G7 countries are collaborating on a "critical minerals action plan" to counter China's rare earth strategy, with the U.S. pushing for resource development in regions like Greenland and Canada [6][7]. - Despite these efforts, China maintains a dominant position, controlling 80% to 90% of the global rare earth supply, making it challenging for the U.S. and its allies to reduce dependency [6][7]. Group 4: Future Implications - The control of rare earth resources is pivotal in the trade war, with potential significant impacts on U.S. high-tech industries if China escalates export restrictions [7]. - The effectiveness of any agreements between the two nations will depend on the U.S.'s genuine commitment to reducing trade friction, as past behaviors have led to skepticism from China [7].

中美达成了一项关于稀土供应的"谅解协议"，这不仅仅是一次简单的贸易往来，更像是一场博弈中的战术撤退。中国向美国企业发放了有效期仅六个月的稀 土出口许可证，涵盖风力涡轮机、喷气式飞机等多种用途，而作为回应，美国撤销了五月实施的对华限制措施。这一举动看似是对抗中的短暂和平，实则是 中方策略性的一招。 短期性的许可证安排，既保证了供应链短期内的稳定，也给未来留下了足够的谈判空间和反制筹码。 在中美贸易战的背景下，特朗普计划率领包括马斯克（特斯拉）、黄仁勋（英伟达）在内的十名顶尖CEO访华的消息，无疑为这场紧张的关系带来了新的变 数。 这些行业巨头代表着新能源、人工智能、半导体等关键领域，他们对中国市场的依赖程度极高。此次访问不仅是商界对政治决策的一种无声抗议，更是对美 国对华"脱钩"政策失败的公开承认。面对国内债务危机、低迷的支持率以及经济压力，特朗普不得不寻求与中国的合作以缓解内部矛盾。 特朗普可能希望通过这次访问解决美债危机，挽救其不断下滑的支持率，并缓解中美之间的经贸压力。随着中国连续减持美债，美元霸权受到了前所未有的 挑战。同时，由于贸易战的影响，美国经济增长放缓，就业市场受损。 而且，截至目前为止，没有任 ...

Summary of Conference Call Notes Industry Overview - The focus is on the Chinese government bond market, specifically the 10-year treasury bonds and their yield performance [1][2][3]. Key Points and Arguments 1. **Resistance Levels for Bond Yields** - The 10-year treasury bond yield is facing strong resistance around 1.6%, with previous dips reaching approximately 1.57% [1][2]. - Current yields are fluctuating between 1.65% and 1.7%, indicating limited adjustment space [1][2]. - Investors are advised to consider buying when yields approach 1.65% but to be cautious of potential pullbacks near 1.6% [1][2]. 2. **Expectations for Resuming Bond Trading** - Market expectations for the resumption of government bond trading need to be postponed [3][4]. - The central bank requires two conditions to be met: an increase in bond supply and favorable yield conditions [4]. - There is no significant increase in bond supply expected in July, with only minor peaks anticipated in August and November [4]. 3. **Central Bank's Stance on Yield Movements** - The central bank is more inclined to accept rising yields rather than significant declines, which pose systemic risks [5]. - To avoid breaching critical levels like 1.6%, the central bank may wait for the market to adjust to higher levels before considering resumption of trading [5]. 4. **Liquidity Management and Central Bank Operations** - The notion of "liquidity withdrawal" when treasury bonds mature is inaccurate; central bank purchases actually inject liquidity into the system [6][7]. - The process of purchasing bonds involves a two-step operation that ultimately increases liquidity, although maturity payments do not directly affect base currency and liquidity [7]. 5. **Interest Rate Cut Potential** - The central bank's capacity for interest rate cuts this year is limited, with a potential cut of about 10 basis points expected around late Q3 or early Q4 [8]. - The timing of any cuts will depend on external conditions, with the focus on stabilizing growth in response to economic pressures [8]. 6. **Current Market Liquidity Conditions** - The market is experiencing marginal tightening of liquidity, with the central bank maintaining a relatively loose stance but with limits [9][10]. - The seven-day repo rate is around 1.5%, and the overnight repo rate is approximately 1.4%, indicating controlled liquidity to prevent fund misallocation [9][10]. 7. **Impact of Interbank Leverage on Market Rates** - High interbank leverage is currently observed, with a 0.3% increase in leverage for every 10 basis points recovery in yields [12]. - The current high leverage levels make further increases challenging without a drop in short-term rates [12]. 8. **Future Market Outlook** - The bond market is expected to face strong resistance at the 1.6% level, with significant attention needed on the U.S.-China trade tensions and economic fundamentals [13]. - Economic pressures in Q3, particularly in consumption and exports, could lead to a decline in bond yields if conditions worsen [13]. Other Important Insights - The central bank's preference for currency depreciation over appreciation indicates a strategic approach to managing economic stability [5]. - The discussion highlights the importance of monitoring external factors, such as trade relations and economic indicators, which could significantly impact the bond market dynamics [13].

Core Insights - The trade relationship between China and ASEAN has strengthened significantly, with China being the largest trading partner of the Philippines since 2016, despite ongoing tensions in the South China Sea [1][2][4] - The Philippines aims to balance its relations with both the US and China, seeking to enhance trade and investment while managing security concerns [5][7][9] Trade Dynamics - China has maintained a robust trade relationship with ASEAN, with continuous growth in imports and exports for nine years and being each other's largest trading partners for five consecutive years [1] - In 2022, the bilateral trade between China and the Philippines reached $42 billion, accounting for 21% of the Philippines' total foreign trade [2] Geopolitical Context - The increasing competition between major powers, particularly the US and China, complicates the geopolitical landscape for Southeast Asian nations, including the Philippines [4][5] - ASEAN countries are striving to maintain autonomy and explore diverse partnerships while balancing relations with both superpowers [4][5] Policy and Cooperation - The Philippines is attempting to clarify that trade and investment should not be adversely affected by unresolved territorial disputes in the South China Sea [2] - The Philippines is also looking to deepen cooperation with China in sectors such as renewable energy and electric vehicles, while reinforcing its alliance with the US for security support [7][8] South China Sea Issues - The South China Sea remains a sensitive topic for the Philippines, with domestic political challenges affecting the continuity of resource cooperation initiatives [8][9] - There is a recognition that practical cooperation in resource development could be a viable path forward, despite the complexities of sovereignty disputes [8][9] Communication and Conflict Management - The Philippines has shifted its approach to transparency regarding maritime tensions, viewing it as a deterrent while also remaining open to dialogue to de-escalate conflicts [9][10] - Strengthening communication mechanisms between the military and law enforcement agencies of both countries is seen as essential for preventing unexpected incidents in the South China Sea [10]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that making money is becoming increasingly difficult due to various economic factors [3][5] - The ongoing US-China trade war has led to a significant reduction in orders for domestic export companies, resulting in layoffs and salary cuts [3] - The real estate market remains sluggish, with a notable decline in housing demand affecting 56 related industries, including construction materials, decoration, furniture, and home appliances [3] Group 2 - Since 2022, housing prices across the country have entered a long-term adjustment phase, with an average decline of 30% [7] - Major cities like Shanghai and Shenzhen are now experiencing price drops, which were previously limited to lower-tier cities [7] - It is expected that housing prices will continue to show a trend of "steady decline" in the second half of the year, with a potential correction in high-price cities [7] Group 3 - Bank deposit interest rates have been continuously decreasing, with a drop from 3.15% to 1.8% for three-year deposits, representing a decline of over 40% [9] - The groups most affected by this trend are middle-aged and elderly individuals with significant bank deposits and families relying on interest income [9] - There is an expectation of further reductions in deposit rates, pushing those who previously relied on interest income to seek employment [9] Group 4 - The government plans to accelerate the construction of affordable housing, with a target of 6 million units over the next five years, averaging 1.2 million units annually [12] - The pricing of affordable housing will be significantly lower than that of surrounding market-rate homes, reducing the purchasing cost for low-income families [12] - The influx of affordable housing is expected to divert demand from the market housing sector, increasing downward pressure on housing prices [12] Group 5 - The era of artificial intelligence is already underway, with various industries adopting AI technologies to replace traditional labor [13] - High-end restaurants are using robots for food delivery, and service companies are implementing AI customer service solutions [13] - The trend indicates a gradual reduction in labor-intensive job opportunities as more manufacturing companies adopt industrial robots [13]

Group 1 - Toyota's global sales reached 955,532 units in May, marking an 8% year-on-year increase, with production at 906,984 units [1] - Sales growth in key markets included over 4% in Japan, 7% in China, and 11% in North America [1] - The company plans to raise prices on some models sold in the U.S. by more than $200 due to market conditions and competition [1] Group 2 - The tariffs imposed by President Trump are projected to cost Toyota approximately 180 billion yen (around $1.2 billion) for April and May alone [2] - Other Japanese automakers, such as Nissan and Honda, anticipate losses of up to $3 billion due to the tariffs [2] - The Japanese automotive industry employs about 5.6 million people, accounting for 8.3% of the workforce and contributing around 10% to Japan's GDP [2] Group 3 - Akio Toyoda was re-elected as chairman with a 97% approval rate, indicating renewed investor confidence in Toyota's performance amid industry challenges [3]