Economic Outlook - The necessity for domestic demand to take over from external demand is increasing as external demand's contribution to economic growth may weaken [1] - The central economic work conference at the end of the year is expected to continue advocating for a "more proactive fiscal policy" and "moderately loose monetary policy" [1] - Economists predict that China's economy will achieve a growth target of around 5% for the year, despite a complex external environment [2][3] Confidence Index - The "Chief Economist Confidence Index" for November 2025 is reported at 50.3, remaining stable from the previous month [2] - The index indicates a balanced outlook among economists regarding economic performance in the coming months [2] Inflation Predictions - The average forecast for October's Consumer Price Index (CPI) is -0.1%, while the Producer Price Index (PPI) is expected to be -2.2% [4] - CPI is anticipated to show a seasonal increase in the fourth quarter, while PPI's recovery will depend on policy support or improvements in overseas demand [5] Retail and Industrial Growth - The predicted growth rate for social retail sales in October is 2.7%, lower than the previous month's 3% [6] - Industrial value-added growth for October is forecasted at 5.7%, indicating a slight decline but still maintaining a strong performance [7] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment growth is expected to be -0.8% for September, reflecting a slight decrease from the previous month [8] - Real estate development investment is projected to decline by 14% in October, indicating a worsening trend in the sector [9] Trade and Foreign Exchange - The trade surplus for October is predicted to be $94.26 billion, slightly higher than the previous month's figure [10] - The average forecast for the RMB to USD exchange rate by the end of November is 7.1, indicating stability in the currency [16] Monetary Policy and Financing - New loans for October are expected to decrease to 454.91 billion yuan, down from 1.29 trillion yuan in the previous month [11] - The total social financing volume for October is projected to be 1.3 trillion yuan, lower than the previous month's figure [13] Policy Focus - Macro policies are expected to strengthen coordination between fiscal and monetary measures, with an emphasis on infrastructure and social welfare investments [18] - The focus on "investment in people" aims to enhance human capital and stimulate domestic consumption, which is crucial for sustainable economic growth [19][20]

11月4日，中国人民银行公布2025年10月中央银行各项工具流动性投放情况。数据显示，央行10月恢复公开市场国债买卖，当月净投放200亿元。这意味 着自今年1月起暂停的国债买卖操作已恢复。 问：国债买卖操作有何作用？ 答：这是丰富货币政策工具箱、增强国债金融功能、发挥国债收益率曲线定价基准作用、增进货币政策与财政政策相互协同的重要举措，也有利于我国 债券市场改革发展和金融机构提升做市定价能力。 实践中，人民银行根据基础货币投放需要，兼顾债券市场供求和收益率曲线形态变化等情况，灵活开展国债买卖双向操作，保障货币政策顺畅传导和金 融市场平稳运行。 问：10月份净投放出于什么考虑？ 答：一方面，净买入的操作模式体现了央行呵护流动性市场和稳定债市预期的操作目标。 今年以来，国债买卖为何暂停又恢复？一起来看↓ 问：现在为何恢复？ 答：年初时，债券市场供求不平衡压力较大、市场风险有所累积。与年初暂停国债买卖时相比，当前10年期国债收益率已升至1.8％附近，期限利差走 阔。目前债市整体运行良好，具备恢复公开市场国债买卖操作的条件。 而且，恢复国债买卖操作既有利于支持实体经济，加强货币与财政政策协同，也有利于释放流动性，稳定 ...

国债期货日报 | 2025-11-05 央行买卖国债落地，国债期货涨跌分化 市场分析 宏观面：（1）观政策：国务院第九次全体会议强调，采取有力措施巩固房地产市场止跌回稳态势，培育壮大服务 消费，加力扩大有效投资；9月10日，财政部长明确表示，"持续发力、适时加力实施更加积极有为的宏观政策"； 发改委也表示 "不断释放内需潜力" 和 "推进点行业产能治理"；10月8 日，美方将多家中国实体列入出口管制清 单并征收特别港务费，10月10 日，交通运输部发布关于对美船舶收取船舶特别港务费的公告；10月11日，特朗普 于社交媒体发文称，从11月1日起将对中国加征100%关税；10月27日，央行时隔近十个月宣布重启公开市场国债买 卖操作，向市场释放了明确的稳预期信号；（2）通胀：9月CPI同比下降0.3%。 资金面：（3）财政：本次财政数据整体呈现 "收入温和修复、支出强力扩张" 的格局：前三季度一般公共预算收入 同比小幅增长0.5%，结构上依靠个税、增值税与印花税修复，但可持续性仍待观察；支出端继续加力，社保、教 育及债务付息维持较高增速，形成对总需求的稳支撑。同时，政府性基金预算收入仍偏弱、土地出让降幅收窄但 恢复 ...

Group 1 - The central bank conducted a 700 billion yuan reverse repurchase operation with a fixed amount and interest rate, maturing in 3 months, indicating a strategy to maintain liquidity in the market [1] - There is an expectation for another 6-month reverse repurchase operation in November, with a possibility of increasing the amount, reflecting the central bank's proactive approach to manage liquidity [2] - The central bank's resumption of government bond trading is aimed at injecting liquidity into the bond market, which is expected to bolster market confidence and support the issuance of government bonds in the upcoming year [3][4] Group 2 - The central bank's actions are seen as a means to stabilize the funding environment, especially with the anticipated increase in local government bond issuance and the maturity of interbank certificates of deposit [2] - The resumption of government bond trading is expected to alleviate pressure on commercial banks' bond holdings and provide a quasi-reduction in reserve requirements, ensuring smooth market operations in the fourth quarter [3][4] - The current low inflation levels provide ample room for the central bank to implement various monetary policy tools to support economic stability [4][5]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the current economic situation, particularly focusing on CPI and PPI data, indicating a lack of inflation and a need for continued monetary and fiscal policy support [5][6][10] - In September, the CPI decreased by 0.3% year-on-year and increased by 0.1% month-on-month, while the PPI fell by 2.3% year-on-year, suggesting weak consumer demand and manufacturing prices [1][3] - The article highlights the importance of M1 and M2 monetary supply data, with M2 growing by 8.4% year-on-year and M1 by 7.2%, indicating a narrowing gap between the two, which reflects a shift in liquidity dynamics [6][8][9] Group 2 - The increase in M1 is attributed to a decline in government bond prices, leading individuals to withdraw funds from fixed-term investments and place them into demand deposits [9][10] - In September, household deposits rose by 2.96 trillion yuan, while non-bank financial institution deposits fell by 1.06 trillion yuan, indicating a trend of funds returning to banks rather than remaining in investment accounts [10][11] - The article suggests that the current market volatility and lack of clear upward trends in the stock market have led to a decrease in the "money-moving" phenomenon, with investors opting to keep funds in banks [12][13] Group 3 - The article anticipates that as the stock market stabilizes and begins to rise, there will be a renewed influx of deposits into the market, driven by improved investor sentiment [14][15] - It discusses the government's intention to stimulate the capital market to help escape the current economic stagnation and achieve asset price recovery [16][18] - The upcoming key events, including trade negotiations and monetary policy decisions, are expected to influence market movements, necessitating strategic asset allocation in anticipation of these developments [20][21]

Monetary Policy - The Federal Reserve lowered the federal funds rate target range by 25 basis points to 3.75% to 4.00%, aligning with market expectations[9] - The European Central Bank (ECB) maintained its benchmark interest rate at 2%, citing stronger-than-expected economic resilience in the Eurozone, with Q3 GDP growth of 0.2%[11] - The Bank of Japan (BOJ) kept its interest rate unchanged, with two members voting against this decision, indicating potential future rate hikes[12] Economic Data - Eurozone's Q3 GDP growth of 0.2% exceeded the expected 0.1%, with France showing a 0.5% increase, the highest in three years, while Germany's growth stagnated[26] - In the U.S., September fiscal revenue was $543.7 billion, a 3.2% year-on-year increase, while expenditures were $345.7 billion, down 22.6% year-on-year, resulting in a fiscal surplus of $198 billion[17] - Japan's industrial and commercial sales showed improvement, with consumer confidence rising for three consecutive months[28] Market Trends - The S&P 500 index rose by 0.71% last week, with a year-to-date increase of 16.30%[5] - The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield increased by 9 basis points to 4.11%, reflecting market adjustments following the Fed's rate cut[5] - The WTI crude oil price decreased by 1.01% to $61, with a year-to-date decline of 14.78%[5]

Core Viewpoint - Since October, the prices of government bond futures have shown a strong upward trend, reversing the weak performance of the third quarter, primarily due to the central bank's increased open market operations and the resumption of government bond trading, leading to a more relaxed market liquidity environment [1][29]. Group 1: Market Analysis - The average daily trading volume of government bond futures in October was 318,100 contracts, a decrease of 13.76% month-on-month, mainly due to the National Day holiday [4]. - The average open interest increased by 10.49% month-on-month to 678,000 contracts, indicating strong hedging demand in the market [4]. - The central bank's open market operations have resulted in a slight net injection of liquidity, maintaining a relatively stable overall funding rate [4][22]. Group 2: Economic Indicators - The U.S. ADP employment figures for September showed a decrease of 32,000 jobs, which was below expectations and previous values, leading to increased risk aversion [8]. - The U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) for September rose by 0.3% month-on-month and 3.0% year-on-year, slightly above the previous value but below market expectations, indicating moderate inflation [8]. - The central bank's decision to cut interest rates by 25 basis points on October 29 was influenced by the soft employment data and the government shutdown, which affected the release of several economic indicators [8]. Group 3: Policy and Future Outlook - The central bank has resumed government bond trading operations to stabilize market expectations and enhance liquidity, which is expected to support government bond prices [26][27]. - The central bank is likely to continue implementing a supportive monetary policy stance, providing both short-term and long-term liquidity arrangements to maintain relatively loose financing conditions [27]. - Despite achieving consensus in U.S.-China trade negotiations, external uncertainties remain, and the domestic economy is facing challenges, particularly in the real estate sector, which continues to show weakness [29].

Core Viewpoint - The main factors influencing the bond market performance towards the end of the year are the combination of fiscal and monetary policies [1] Summary by Categories Fiscal Policy - The necessity to create a favorable interest rate environment to support fiscal supply is significant [1] Monetary Policy - Current risks of rising bond yields are limited when considering both fiscal and monetary policies [1] - There is still room for interest rate recovery [1]

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has decided to resume the trading of government bonds after a 10-month suspension, indicating a positive shift in the bond market and a need for liquidity support [2][3]. Group 1: Reasons for Resuming Bond Trading - The resumption is attributed to a phase of alleviated interest rate risks in the bond market and the necessity to provide liquidity support [3]. - The initial suspension in January was due to overly optimistic market sentiment and rapid declines in government bond yields, which increased interest rate risks and widened the China-U.S. interest rate differential [3]. - Since July, a shift in risk appetite has led to capital outflows from the bond market, causing a rapid increase in the 10-year government bond yield from 1.6% to over 1.8%, stabilizing around this level for a month [3]. - The macroeconomic environment, including the Federal Reserve's rate cuts and a narrowing of the China-U.S. interest rate differential, has created a favorable context for the PBOC to restart bond trading [3]. Group 2: Market Implications - The resumption of bond trading signals a defined upper limit for bond yields, suggesting limited room for further increases in the 10-year government bond yield [4]. - The PBOC's actions are aimed at enhancing the financial function of government bonds and improving the coordination between monetary and fiscal policies [4]. - The recent rise in short-term bond yields has led to a narrowing of the yield spread between 10-year and 1-year government bonds, indicating a potential steepening of the yield curve [4]. - In the short term, the PBOC's bond purchases may focus on the shorter end of the yield curve, with the long end requiring further observation of the scale of bond purchases and equity market performance [4].

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints - Affected by the central bank's restart of Treasury bond trading and the continued expectation of a Fed rate cut, most Treasury bond futures closed higher the previous day. Overall, the increasing global trade uncertainty adds to the uncertainty of foreign capital inflows. The bond market fluctuates between the expectations of stable growth and monetary easing. Short - term attention should be paid to policy signals at the end of the month [3]. Summary by Related Catalogs 1. Interest Rate Pricing Tracking Indicators - **Price Indicators**: China's monthly CPI had a 0.10% month - on - month change and a - 0.30% year - on - year change; monthly PPI had a 0.00% month - on - month change and a - 2.30% year - on - year change [9]. - **Monthly Economic Indicators**: Social financing scale was 437.08 trillion yuan, with a month - on - month increase of 3.42 trillion yuan and a growth rate of 0.79%; M2 year - on - year was 8.40%, down 0.40% from the previous period with a decline rate of 4.55%; manufacturing PMI was 49.80%, up 0.40% from the previous period with a growth rate of 0.81% [10]. - **Daily Economic Indicators**: The US dollar index was 99.52, up 0.39 with a growth rate of 0.39%; the offshore US dollar to RMB exchange rate was 7.1000, up 0.003 with a growth rate of 0.04%; SHIBOR 7 - day was 1.48, down 0.03 with a decline rate of 1.85%; DR007 was 1.50, down 0.04 with a decline rate of 2.81%; R007 was 1.53, up 0.02 with a growth rate of 1.49%; the 3 - month yield of inter - bank certificates of deposit (AAA) was 1.58, up 0.00 with a decline rate of 0.30%; the AA - AAA credit spread (1Y) was 0.09, up 0.00 with a decline rate of 0.30% [11]. 2. Overview of Treasury Bonds and Treasury Bond Futures Market - The report provides multiple charts including the closing price trend of Treasury bond futures' main continuous contracts, the price increases and decreases of Treasury bond futures varieties, the precipitation of funds in Treasury bond futures varieties, the position - holding ratio, the net position - holding ratio of the top 20, the long - short position - holding ratio of the top 20, the spread between China Development Bank bonds and Treasury bonds, and the issuance of Treasury bonds [13][16][18][22]. 3. Overview of the Money Market's Capital Situation - The report includes charts on the Shibor interest rate trend, the maturity yield trend of inter - bank certificates of deposit (AAA), the transaction statistics of inter - bank pledged repurchase, the issuance of local bonds, the inter - term spread trend of Treasury bond futures varieties, and the spread between the spot bond's term spread and the futures' cross - variety spread (4*TS - T) [27][28][32]. 4. Spread Overview - The report presents charts about the spread between the spot bond's term spread and the futures' cross - variety spread, such as (2*TS - TF), (2*TF - T), (3*T - TL), and (2*TS - 3*TF + T) [36][37][40]. 5. Two - Year Treasury Bond Futures - The report provides charts on the implied interest rate and the Treasury bond's maturity yield of the two - year Treasury bond futures' main contract, the IRR of the TS main contract and the capital interest rate, the three - year basis trend of the TS main contract, and the three - year net basis trend of the TS main contract [39][42][49]. 6. Five - Year Treasury Bond Futures - The report includes charts on the implied interest rate and the Treasury bond's maturity yield of the five - year Treasury bond futures' main contract, the IRR of the TF main contract and the capital interest rate, the three - year basis trend of the TF main contract, and the three - year net basis trend of the TF main contract [51][56]. 7. Ten - Year Treasury Bond Futures - The report offers charts on the implied yield and the Treasury bond's maturity yield of the ten - year Treasury bond futures' main contract, the IRR of the T main contract and the capital interest rate, the three - year basis trend of the T main contract, and the three - year net basis trend of the T main contract [58][59]. 8. Thirty - Year Treasury Bond Futures - The report provides charts on the implied yield and the Treasury bond's maturity yield of the thirty - year Treasury bond futures' main contract, the IRR of the TL main contract and the capital interest rate, the three - year basis trend of the TL main contract, and the three - year net basis trend of the TL main contract [65][71]. 9. Strategies - **Unilateral Strategy**: As the repurchase interest rate declines, a cautious and bullish stance is recommended for the 2512 contract [4]. - **Arbitrage Strategy**: Attention should be paid to the basis rebound of the 2512 contract [5]. - **Hedging Strategy**: There is medium - term adjustment pressure, and short - position holders can use far - month contracts for appropriate hedging [5].