Economic Performance - In July, the industrial production growth rate was 5.7%, down from 6.8% in June, indicating a slowdown in production[12][14]. - Fixed asset investment (excluding rural households) for January to July was 288,229 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 1.6%, a decrease from 2.8% previously[12][14]. - The total retail sales of consumer goods in July reached 38,780 billion yuan, growing by 3.7% year-on-year, which is a decline of 1.1 percentage points from the previous month[12][14][23]. Investment Trends - Infrastructure investment decreased by 1.4 percentage points, while manufacturing investment growth fell by 1.3 percentage points in July[20][28]. - Real estate development investment from January to July was 53,580 billion yuan, down 12.0% year-on-year, with the decline expanding by 0.8 percentage points[21][28]. Consumer Behavior - Retail sales growth for categories excluding automobiles was 4.3%, indicating a shift in consumer spending patterns, particularly a decline in automotive sales[12][23][27]. - The recovery in dining consumption suggests that the overall decline in consumption is primarily driven by a drop in retail sales of goods[27][29]. Policy Outlook - The government is expected to implement more proactive fiscal policies and maintain moderately loose monetary policies to support economic recovery in the second half of the year[5][32]. - Continued focus on infrastructure and real estate investment is anticipated to stabilize fixed asset investment and support economic growth[5][32]. Risks - Potential risks include worsening geopolitical events, changes in international financial conditions, and unexpected shifts in China-US policies[6][33].

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The macro data in July showed an overall decline, and the recovery momentum of the domestic economy still needs to be strengthened. The economy presents a situation of having a bottom but lacking upward momentum, with greater pressure on nominal GDP than real GDP. [3] - "Expanding domestic demand and combating involution" will be an important, long - term, and continuous policy approach. The financial market is in a state of "weak reality, strong expectation", and market sentiment is continuously improving. In 2025, the macro economy and asset prices are expected to continue the upward - repair trend, although the process may be tortuous. [3] Summary by Related Catalogs 1. Manufacturing PMI Declined Month - on - Month - In July, the manufacturing PMI was 49.3%, a 0.4 - percentage - point decrease from the previous month. Large - scale enterprises' PMI was 50.3% (down 0.9 percentage points), medium - scale enterprises' was 49.5% (up 0.9 percentage points), and small - scale enterprises' was 46.4% (down 0.9 percentage points). [4] - Among the 5 sub - indices of the manufacturing PMI, the production index and supplier delivery time index were above the critical point, while the new order index, raw material inventory index, and employment index were below it. [4] 2. CPI was Flat Year - on - Year and PPI Fell 3.6% Year - on - Year in July - In July 2025, the national CPI was flat year - on - year, with a 0.4% month - on - month increase. Food prices decreased while non - food prices increased. [8][9] - The PPI decreased 3.6% year - on - year and 0.2% month - on - month. Industries such as coal, ferrous metals, and petrochemicals had large year - on - year declines, dragging down the PPI. [11] 3. Both Exports and Imports Rebounded in July - In July, China's exports increased 7.2% year - on - year, imports increased 4.1% year - on - year, and the trade surplus was $98.24 billion, a decrease of $16.53 billion. [14] - Exports to the EU, ASEAN countries, and Japan increased, while the decline in exports to the US narrowed. Exports are likely to remain strong in 2025. [16] 4. Credit Demand was Weak, and M1 and M2 Growth Rates Further Rebounded - In the first seven months of 2025, the cumulative increase in social financing scale was 23.99 trillion yuan, 5.12 trillion yuan more than the same period last year. Credit demand from residents and enterprises was insufficient, but the increase in government bond issuance offset it. [18][25] - At the end of July, M2 was 329.94 trillion yuan (up 8.8% year - on - year), M1 was 111.06 trillion yuan (up 5.6% year - on - year), and the M1 - M2 gap narrowed to 3.2%. [23] 5. Industrial Production was Stable, and Consumption Growth Declined - In July, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased 5.7% year - on - year and 0.38% month - on - month. The growth rate of total retail sales of consumer goods was 3.7%, lower than expected. [26] - In 2025, from January to July, the growth rates of manufacturing investment, infrastructure investment, and real estate development investment all declined. [30] 6. The Growth Rate of Real Estate Sales Declined, but it was Still at the Bottoming - Out Stage - From January to July, the sales area of new commercial housing decreased 4.0% year - on - year, and the sales volume decreased 6.5% year - on - year. The real estate market is still in the adjustment stage. [32] - The inventory of commercial housing decreased slightly. The "market bottom" of this round of real estate downward cycle is emerging, and the drag on the macro economy will significantly narrow. [33][37] 7. Summary and Outlook - The macro - economic data in July were weak, and the domestic economic recovery momentum needs to be strengthened. The economy presents a situation of having a bottom but lacking upward momentum. [38] - "Expanding domestic demand and combating involution" will be an important long - term policy. In 2025, the macro economy and asset prices are expected to continue the upward - repair trend. [40]

Group 1: Macroeconomic Overview - US CPI data for July showed a 0.2% month-on-month increase, matching expectations, while year-on-year growth was 2.7%, lower than expected[29] - China's new RMB loans in July recorded a negative growth of 500 million RMB, marking the first negative growth in nearly 20 years[29] - Japan's Q2 GDP grew by 1% year-on-year and 0.3% quarter-on-quarter, driven by capital expenditure and consumption[6] Group 2: Market Performance - Major US stock indices reached new highs, with the S&P 500 up 0.94% and the Nasdaq up 0.81% over the past week[8] - The MSCI Europe index rose by 1.8%, supported by manufacturing data, while the German DAX and French CAC40 also saw gains[6] - Emerging markets showed strong performance, with the Vietnam VN30 index up 3.13% and the Russian RTS index up 2.68%[8] Group 3: Interest Rates and Inflation - The US 10-year Treasury yield rose to 4.32%, while the Chinese 10-year yield increased to 1.76%[9] - The PPI for July in the US increased by 3.3% year-on-year, significantly exceeding the market expectation of 2.5%[29] - The overall financial conditions in the US remain loose, with a decline in the economic surprise index[12] Group 4: Investment Strategy - In a rate-cutting cycle, sectors that typically benefit include healthcare, utilities, and consumer discretionary, with historical performance showing healthcare averaging over 17% gains[51] - Gold is favored in a declining interest rate environment, with a preference order of gold > silver > copper based on historical performance[54] - The report suggests that the performance of equity markets during rate cuts is contingent on whether the economy enters a recession, with historical data indicating mixed outcomes[46]

Economic Indicators - The ICHI Composite Economic Index has risen into the expansion zone, indicating robust economic momentum in China[1] - The Consumer Confidence Index has improved significantly, reaching its highest level in nearly a month[1] - The Investment Sentiment Index has notably increased, driven by policy support for infrastructure and manufacturing investments[1] Inflation and Prices - In July 2025, the CPI increased by 0.4% month-on-month, exceeding the seasonal level by 0.1 percentage points, while the core CPI rose by 0.8% year-on-year, the highest since March 2024[2] - The PPI decreased by 0.2% month-on-month and fell by 3.6% year-on-year, reflecting pressures from high temperatures and international trade uncertainties[2] Global Economic Trends - In the U.S., the July CPI rose by 0.2% month-on-month and 2.7% year-on-year, slightly below expectations[5] - The U.S. PPI increased by 3.3% year-on-year, significantly above the expected 2.5%, marking the highest level since February 2025[6] - The UK GDP grew by 0.3% quarter-on-quarter in Q2 2025, driven mainly by the services sector[5]

Report Title - Copper Weekly Report 20250817: Limited Supply - Demand Contradiction, Upward Macro, and Bullish Oscillation in the Market [1] Core Viewpoint - The supply - demand contradiction of copper is limited, the macro - economic situation is upward, and the copper futures market is expected to oscillate with a bullish bias [1] Key Points by Section Price Data - The spot supply of copper is tight, the purchasing sentiment has increased, and the spot premium has risen [10] - The LME copper 0 - 3M spread has continued to widen week - on - week [11] Fundamental Data - The average price of the copper concentrate TC index has increased by $0.38 per ton week - on - week to - $37.68 per ton, showing a recovery but still remaining low [15] - The copper concentrate inventory at nine ports has decreased by 62,000 tons week - on - week to 557,600 tons [17] - The spread between refined copper and scrap copper has strengthened [18] - Only one domestic smelter is under maintenance in August, but the number of smelters with production cuts has increased, and the electrolytic copper output is expected to decline slightly month - on - month [20] - The copper import window has opened [21] - The week - on - week change in the electrolytic copper spot inventory is limited, while the bonded - area inventory has continued to increase [23] - The LME copper inventory has hardly changed, and the COMEX copper inventory has continued to accumulate [25] - The weekly operating rate of refined copper rods has increased, and downstream purchases have increased [27] - From August 1st to 10th, the retail sales of new - energy passenger vehicles in China have increased by 6% year - on - year and 6% compared with the same period last month [28] - The overall production volume of photovoltaic modules in August has changed little month - on - month [31] - The total production volume of air conditioners, refrigerators, and washing machines in August has decreased by 4.9% compared with the actual production volume of the same period last year, with the air - conditioner production volume decreasing by 2.8% [33] Macroeconomic Data - China's new social financing in July was 1.16 trillion yuan [36] - The US CPI in July has increased by 2.7% year - on - year, lower than expected; the PPI has increased by 0.9% month - on - month and 3.3% year - on - year [39] - Two new candidates for the Fed Chair support significant interest - rate cuts [40]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core Views of the Report - Last week, the market continued to rise, with the Shanghai Composite Index breaking through 3700 points and overseas indices in the UK, US, and Japan hitting record highs. The strong market is supported by a positive macro - environment, including no significant escalation of trade frictions, no obvious negative policy turn, and positive liquidity expectations before the Fed's September rate cut. The rising stock market has attracted margin trading and new - account funds, forming a positive feedback loop [1]. - The domestic economic supply and demand are both weak in July due to the policy shift towards anti - involution and the weak demand side such as real estate. The central bank's second - quarter monetary policy report shows a trend of policy shifting towards quality and efficiency, with less emphasis on traditional growth - stabilizing and capital - market - related structural tools. However, the current market risk appetite is strong, and the short - term impact is limited. The market is expected to maintain a bullish pattern, and the trends of relevant variables should be noted [2]. - Factors to watch include domestic policy and economic changes, and the Fed's policy direction [3]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1. Spot Market Review - Most industries in the CSI 300 and CSI 500 indices rose last week. In the CSI 300 index, the information and telecommunications sectors had relatively high increases, while in the CSI 500 index, the financial real - estate and information sectors led the gains [10]. 3.2. Stock Index Futures Market Review - Last week, the IM futures contract had the largest increase and the largest amplitude among the main stock index futures contracts. The trading volume and open interest of stock index futures both rebounded [12][13][18]. 3.3. Index Valuation Tracking - As of August 15th, the TTM price - to - earnings ratios of the Shanghai Composite Index, CSI 300 Index, SSE 50 Index, CSI 500 Index, and CSI 1000 Index were 15.89 times, 13.46 times, 11.49 times, 31.81 times, and 43.9 times respectively [21][22]. 3.4. Market Capital Flow Review - The balance of margin trading in the two markets and the share of newly - established equity - biased funds are presented. The capital interest rate price rebounded last week, and the central bank had a net capital injection [25]. 4. Strategy Recommendations 4.1. Short - Term Strategy - The intraday trading frequency can refer to the 1 - minute and 5 - minute K - line charts. The stop - loss and take - profit levels for IF, IH, IC, and IM can be set at 76/95 points, 58/31 points, 66/121 points, and 84/142 points respectively [4]. 4.2. Trend Strategy - Adopt a bullish mindset. The core operating range of the IF2509 main contract is expected to be between 4083 and 4294 points; for the IH2509 main contract, it is between 2775 and 2903 points; for the IC2509 main contract, it is between 6335 and 6760 points; and for the IM2509 main contract, it is between 6838 and 7299 points. Also, maintain a strategy of shorting IF (or IH) and going long on IC (or IM) [4][5].

Group 1: Open Market Operations - The central bank conducted a 7-day reverse repurchase operation on August 15, with a fixed rate and quantity tendering, amounting to 238 billion yuan at an interest rate of 1.40%, with a net injection of 116 billion yuan for the day after considering the maturity of 122 billion yuan in reverse repos [1]. Group 2: Funding Conditions - The interbank market saw a tightening of funding conditions, with overnight repurchase weighted rates exceeding 1.4% in the morning, stabilizing around 1.40% in the afternoon. Non-bank institutions' overnight borrowing rates rose above 1.45% [3]. - The latest overnight financing rate in the U.S. was reported at 4.33% [3]. Group 3: Interbank Certificates of Deposit - The latest transaction rate for one-year interbank certificates of deposit in the secondary market was approximately 1.6425% [7]. Group 4: Bond Market Overview - The yields on major interbank bonds mostly increased, with specific rates for various maturities as follows: - 1Y government bond at 1.3600% - 2Y government bond at 1.3975% - 5Y government bond at 1.5825% - 10Y government bond at 1.7460% [9]. Group 5: Recent Trends in Local Government Bonds - The yield spreads for AAA-rated local government bonds across various maturities were analyzed, indicating trends in the bond market [11]. Group 6: National Economic Outlook - The National Bureau of Statistics indicated a stable economic foundation for China, with positive long-term growth prospects supported by macroeconomic policies and increased market demand. The IMF raised its growth forecast for China by 0.8 percentage points, reflecting growing international confidence in China's economic development [13]. Group 7: Real Estate Market Data - In July, the sales prices of commercial residential properties in 70 major cities showed a month-on-month decline, with first-tier cities experiencing a 0.2% decrease, a reduction in the decline compared to the previous month [13]. Group 8: Global Economic Indicators - The U.S. PPI rose to 3.3% year-on-year in July, the highest since February, exceeding expectations, which has impacted the Fed's interest rate outlook [16].

Report Title - Weekly Report on Rebar & Hot-Rolled Coil [1] Report Date - August 17, 2025 [2] Analyst Information - Senior Analyst: Li Yafei [2] - Investment Consultation Number: Z0021184 [2] Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided Core Viewpoint - Market sentiment has eased, and steel prices are oscillating [3] Logic Summary Market Sentiment - The coking coal exchange has imposed position limits again, and the Economic Daily has published an article stating that anti-involution will not drive up general prices, leading to a缓和 in market sentiment [5] Macroeconomic Factors - **Overseas**: US PPI has soared by 3.3% year-on-year, with the month-on-month increase reaching a two-year high, indicating increased producer pressure. The expectation of an unexpected interest rate cut in September has been revised [5][9] - **Domestic**: The anti-involution trading has cooled off. The Politburo meeting on July 30 removed the word "low-price" from "low-price disorderly competition" compared to the Central Financial and Economic Commission meeting on July 1. The statement "promote the orderly exit of backward production capacity" has been changed to "promote capacity management in key industries", emphasizing the optimization of market competition order and the regulation of corporate disorderly competition in accordance with laws and regulations [5][8] Black Industry Chain - Steel demand remains stable during the off-season, with decent profits and low inventories. The daily consumption of scrap steel has rebounded, while the decline in hot metal production is slow, resulting in an ineffective negative feedback transmission [5][11] Section Summaries Rebar Fundamental Data - **Price and Basis**: Last week, the Shanghai rebar spot price was 3320 (-20) yuan/ton, and the main futures price was 3188 (-25) yuan/ton. The basis of the main contract was 132 (+5) yuan/ton, and the 10-01 spread was -81 (-8) yuan/ton [14] - **Demand**: New home sales remain at a low level, indicating weak market confidence. Second-hand home sales remain high, reflecting the existence of rigid demand. Land transaction area also remains low. Additionally, demand is in the off-season, and indicators such as cement shipments have declined seasonally [17][20][21] - **Inventory and Production**: High profits have stimulated steel mills to resume production, leading to an accumulation of steel inventories. The production of long and short process rebar and their corresponding inventories are also presented [23][24] - **Production Profit**: The expected revision of anti-involution policies has led to a reduction in steel mill profits. Last week, the rebar spot profit was 226 (-63) yuan/ton, and the main contract profit was 207 (-42) yuan/ton. The valley electricity profit of East China rebar was 126 (-54) yuan/ton [29][33] Hot-Rolled Coil Fundamental Data - **Price and Basis**: Last week, the Shanghai hot-rolled coil spot price was 3460 (+10) yuan/ton, and the main futures price was 3439 (+11) yuan/ton. The basis of the main contract was 21 (-1) yuan/ton, and the 10-01 spread was 7 (+8) yuan/ton [35] - **Demand**: Demand has weakened month-on-month. The US has imposed tariffs on steel household appliances, and the production of white goods has entered the seasonal off-season. The internal and external price spread has converged, closing the export window [36][39][40] - **Inventory and Production**: Speculative demand has declined, leading to a faster accumulation of hot-rolled coil inventories. Production has also decreased [42][44] - **Production Profit**: Similar to rebar, the expected revision of anti-involution policies has led to a reduction in steel mill profits. Last week, the hot-rolled coil spot profit was 200 (-31) yuan/ton, and the main contract profit was 308 (-6) yuan/ton [46][48] Variety Spread Structure - Opportunities for the expansion of the cold-hot spread and the medium plate - hot-rolled coil spread are worth noting [49] Variety Regional Difference - The regional price differences of rebar, wire rod, hot-rolled coil, and cold-rolled coil are presented [58][59][60] Cold Rolled Coil and Medium Plate Supply, Demand, and Inventory Data - The seasonal data of total inventory, production, and apparent consumption of cold-rolled coil and medium plate are provided [62][63]

Economic Data Summary - July economic data indicates that external demand is stronger than internal demand, production is stronger than consumption, and constant price metrics outperform current price metrics[4] - In July, industrial output and service production indices grew by 5.7% and 5.8% year-on-year, respectively, with GDP growth estimated at around 5% in constant prices[4] - Retail sales in July increased by 3.7% year-on-year, down from 4.8% in the previous month, while fixed asset investment saw a cumulative year-on-year decline of 1.6%[4] Automotive Market Insights - In August, national retail sales of passenger cars reached 452,000 units from August 1-10, a 4% decrease compared to the same period last year[7] - The automotive market has been negatively impacted by reduced "trade-in" policy effectiveness and declining promotional efforts, leading to a 1.5% year-on-year drop in July retail sales[7] Trade and Tariff Developments - In June, the U.S. tariff rate increased to 10%, with tariffs on Chinese goods decreasing from 48.2% in May to 40.3% in June[11] - The tariff rates for major trading partners like Vietnam, Japan, and Germany also increased, potentially suppressing U.S. import demand[11] Commodity Price Trends - Overall commodity prices showed weakness in early August, with coking coal and coke prices rising by 9.6% and 3.6% respectively compared to late July[16] - The Producer Price Index (PPI) is expected to rebound to around -3% year-on-year due to low base effects from the previous year[16] Risks and Market Outlook - Risks include U.S.-China trade tensions, tariff increases, and global supply chain adjustments, which may lead to export volatility and declining corporate profits[3] - Ongoing geopolitical changes and international market fluctuations could continue to impact commodity prices and related industries[3]

Economic Growth - The Guosen High-Frequency Macro Diffusion Index A turned positive this week, indicating improved economic growth momentum[1] - Index B showed a seasonal rebound, with a standardized increase of 0.43, outperforming historical averages[1] - Consumption and real estate sectors showed relative strength, while investment sector sentiment declined[1] Price Trends - Food prices increased by approximately 1.0% month-on-month, while non-food prices decreased by about 0.1%[2] - Overall CPI is expected to rise by 0.1% month-on-month, with a year-on-year decline to -0.3%[2] - PPI is projected to increase by 0.3% month-on-month, with a significant year-on-year recovery to -2.6%[2] Asset Price Predictions - Current domestic interest rates are low, while the Shanghai Composite Index is high, suggesting a potential upward movement in the ten-year government bond yield and a downward trend in the Shanghai Composite Index next week[1][19] - The predicted ten-year government bond yield for the week of August 22, 2025, is 2.48%, while the Shanghai Composite Index is expected to be 3,207.64[20]