[Table_IndNameRptType]2 固定收益 固收周报 债市是利空出尽，还是利好出尽？ ——利率周记（8 月第 2 周） 报告日期： 2025-08-14 [Table_Author] 首席分析师：颜子琦 执业证书号：S0010522030002 电话：13127532070 邮箱：yanzq@hazq.com [Table_Author] 分析师：洪子彦 执业证书号：S0010525060002 电话：15851599909 邮箱：hongziyan@hazq.com 主要观点： ⚫[Table_Summary] 债市当前是利多出尽还是利空出尽？ 8 月以来债市延续震荡走势，随着权益、商品市场的"隔山打牛式"冲击，上 周卖方看多观点锐减近三成——做多情绪的"瓦解"比几个 BP 的调整更加令 人担忧，债市正是从 2024 年的对利空免疫，转向对利多免疫。当前时点，如 果继续抱持多头思维，关键之问在于"利空出尽了吗"？而在声势见涨的空头 思维下，"利好是否出尽"不乏讨论。 各花入各眼，多头面临的利空挑战明显更偏定性，并且更像市场情绪的因变 量，例如权益市场的上涨与主流叙事的转变是互相增益的关系，这一 ...

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" (maintained) [1] Core Views - The company reported a total revenue of 23.46 billion yuan for the first half of 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 20.93%. The net profit attributable to shareholders was 2.744 billion yuan, up 33.44% year-on-year, while the net profit excluding non-recurring items was 2.896 billion yuan, an increase of 29.61% year-on-year [4][5] - The second quarter saw a revenue of 11.131 billion yuan, which is a 5.05% increase year-on-year but a 9.72% decrease quarter-on-quarter. The net profit attributable to shareholders for Q2 was 1.175 billion yuan, up 13.72% year-on-year but down 25.07% quarter-on-quarter [4][5] - The decline in Q2 performance was primarily due to maintenance costs, while the operational performance remained stable. The non-recurring gains and losses were mainly due to exchange rate fluctuations [5] - The company is advancing the construction of its high-end new materials industrial park for alpha-olefins, with a total planned investment of approximately 26.6 billion yuan. The project is expected to reach production capacity in 2026 [5] - The company has signed agreements for the leasing of 12 ethane transportation vessels to ensure sufficient ethane supply for its upcoming projects [5] Financial Summary - The company expects net profits attributable to shareholders for 2025, 2026, and 2027 to be 6.524 billion yuan, 8.893 billion yuan, and 10.982 billion yuan respectively, with corresponding P/E ratios of 9.73, 7.14, and 5.78 [6] - Key financial indicators for 2025E include total revenue of 52.919 billion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 15.9%, and a net profit margin of 12.3% [10] - The gross profit margin is projected to be 20.9% in 2025, with a return on equity (ROE) of 18.4% [10]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly state an investment rating for the synthetic biology industry Core Insights - The synthetic biology sector is experiencing a global technological revolution, providing innovative solutions to major challenges such as health, climate change, and resource security, as highlighted in the "14th Five-Year Plan for Bioeconomic Development" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission [4] - The Huazhong Securities Synthetic Biology Index, which includes 58 companies involved in synthetic biology, decreased by 5.72% to 1549.03 during the week of August 4-8, 2025, while the Shanghai Composite Index rose by 2.11% [5][19] - The report emphasizes the significance of newly announced pilot projects for green liquid fuels, which aim to enhance energy security and promote green transformation in the energy sector [10] Summary by Sections 1. Synthetic Biology Market Dynamics - The synthetic biology sector's stock performance for the week of August 4-8, 2025, saw an overall decline of 5.72%, ranking 32nd among various sectors [19] - The top five gainers in the synthetic biology field included Hanyu Pharmaceutical (+17%), Jinzi Ham (+9%), and Meiyingsen (+8%) [20] - The top six decliners included Yab Chemical (-8%), Te Bao Biological (-6%), and Baiji Shenzhou (-6%) [21] 2. Company Business Developments - Agilent and Yikela Bio established a joint innovation laboratory focused on high-throughput synthetic biology design and screening [26] - Zhuhai Wantong's project for producing 40,000 tons of bio-based high-temperature nylon is undergoing environmental impact assessment [27] - Algenesis Labs launched the world's first 100% plant-based isocyanate production facility in California [28] 3. Industry Financing Tracking - Financing activities in the synthetic biology sector have accelerated, with companies like Leaf Bio completing significant funding rounds [33] - Chai Discovery raised $70 million in Series A funding to enhance AI-driven drug discovery processes [33]

Group 1: Report Overview - Report title: "社融多增与信贷少增？——7月中国金融数据点评20250814" [1] - Report date: August 14, 2025 [2] - Analysts: Yan Ziqi, Hong Ziyan [2] Group 2: Main Views Data Observation - In July, both social financing and credit showed seasonal declines, with a slight negative growth in credit. The new social financing stock scale in July was 1.16 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.38 trillion yuan. RMB loans decreased by 0.05 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 310 billion yuan [2]. - In terms of money supply, the growth rates of M2 and M1 both increased, with a more significant increase in M1, while the growth rate of M0 slowed down slightly. M2 increased by 8.8% year-on-year, up 0.5 pct from the previous month. M1 increased by 5.6% year-on-year, up 1.0 pct from the previous month, showing a significant marginal increase. M0 increased by 11.8% year-on-year, down 0.2 pct from the previous month [2]. Reasons for Social Financing Growth - The seasonal decline in social financing growth in July was still stronger than in previous years, and the increase in government bond issuance remained the core driving force. Due to the faster issuance of government bonds this year, July was still a peak period for government bond supply. Meanwhile, the negative growth of the monthly credit scale this month was lower than in previous years, leading to a further increase in the proportion of government bond issuance in the new social financing this month [3]. Reasons for Credit Shortfall - The new credit in July showed a seasonal decline, and the credit shortfall might be due to seasonal patterns. July is usually a month with the smallest credit increment in a year. Looking back at credit - weak months such as February, April, and May this year, their performance was weaker than in previous years. Therefore, the credit increment in July also continued this trend, reaching the lowest level in recent years. However, according to seasonal patterns, there is still room for recovery next month [4]. - From the supply side, banks' willingness to lend may have shrunk, as the BCI corporate financing environment index dropped to 46.09% (49.12% last month), a significant decline. From the demand side, the PMI index in July dropped to 49.3%, with the new order index shrinking to 49.4% and the procurement index shrinking to 49.5%. Both production demand and procurement willingness were weak, and corporate business expectations were under pressure. In addition, the PMI of small enterprises showed a large decline for two consecutive months, and the industry faced corporate clearance pressure [4]. M2 and M1 Trends - M2 and M1 continued to grow, indicating an abundant total amount of market funds. Since September 2024, M1 has shown an upward trend in the range, and the M2 - M1 gap has been continuously narrowing. In July, M1 continued its rapid upward trend, reaching 5.6% year - on - year, the highest value since March 2023. On the one hand, July is a large month for local government debt financing, and the central bank conducted 1.4 trillion yuan in outright reverse repurchases to guide a loose capital environment. On the other hand, the popularity of the equity market and commodity market continued, facilitating the activation of money in the investment field [5]. Highlights in July Financial Data - In terms of fiscal deposits, the government bond financing volume was higher than in previous years, and the new fiscal deposits were at a relatively high historical level. The difference between the new government bond financing volume and the new fiscal deposits decreased compared with the previous month but was higher than the seasonal level, indicating that the transmission speed of funds from the government sector to the real economy was still faster than in the same period of previous years [6]. - In terms of corporate direct financing by industry, the bond financing of real - sector enterprises increased year - on - year, with significant year - on - year increases in net financing in the energy, optional consumption, and healthcare sectors. Financial financing decreased slightly year - on - year, and real estate net financing showed signs of recovery. Large enterprises with the ability to finance from the bond market still had good net financing performance this month [7][8]. - In terms of bill financing, bill financing took the lead in the new credit in July, showing an obvious shift from short - term loan volume - boosting to bill volume - boosting by banks. Due to the increased corporate operation risks this month, banks, under the pressure of assessment, chose bill financing again to increase the total credit scale, leading to a significant decline in bill interest rates on July 28. In other credit sub - items, both short - term and long - term corporate loans declined significantly, and the suppressed financing demand was transformed into a significant increase in bill financing, and the corporate financing structure developed in a non - benign direction [8]. Future Outlook - In the current economic situation, with the continuous acceleration of government leverage, the money side continues to be activated, but there are still concerns about corporate balance sheets. In terms of money circulation, the M2 - M1 gap continued to narrow, and M1 continued its upward trend, indicating significant capital activation. The year - on - year growth of the total assets and total liabilities of industrial enterprises above the designated size began to recover, and the balance - sheet expansion momentum was restored. However, the equity growth rate was lower than the asset growth rate, reflecting insufficient internal accumulation, and the balance - sheet expansion relied on debt rather than profit support. There is also a contradictory problem of "increased social financing" but "credit contraction" at the corporate level [8]. - The policy is guiding the economy from "over - capacity" to "industry clearance." Recently, multiple measures have been accelerating the clearance of inefficient enterprises, and further standardizing corporate operations through new regulations on social security contributions and housing rent taxes. During this process, the economy may face structural adjustments, and the economic fundamentals may show increased volatility [9]. - Fiscal and monetary policies are coordinated to further strengthen credit supply. On the household side, a consumer loan interest subsidy policy has been introduced, showing the intention to support household leverage. On the corporate side, an operating entity loan interest subsidy policy has been introduced, showing the intention to support small enterprises relying on bank financing and reflecting the principle of "helping in an emergency rather than rescuing the poor." From the perspective of the leverage chain of "government - driven → enterprise - taking - over → household - following," in the second half of the year, the government's leverage - increasing is coming to an end, and it is a critical turning point for enterprises and households to take over. The loose attitude of the monetary side may continue, and the loose financing environment may still be guaranteed [9]. - Regarding interest rate cuts, a dialectical view is needed. Although the recent interest subsidy policies have led to speculation in the market about a lower probability of future interest rate cuts, the weak US non - farm payroll data and the reduced inflation risk have increased the expectation of a Fed interest rate cut in September, providing policy space for China's interest rate cut. There is still a possibility of interest rate cuts both at home and abroad in the second half of the year [9]. - From the perspective of banks' reluctance to lend, the central bank may further guide a loose capital environment to promote the flow of funds to the real economy. To cooperate with government bond issuance, the central bank may still use various tools such as outright reverse repurchases, increased reverse repurchase issuance, restarting treasury bond purchases, and MLF over - renewal to ensure the liquidity of the banking system [10]. - For the bond market, there may still be twists and turns in the process of the fundamentals moving from "capacity clearance" to "demand recovery," which will bring about long - and short - term differences in the market. The volatility of the bond market is expected to increase. It is recommended to pay attention to changes in market sentiment to seize trading opportunities brought about by increased volatility [10][12]

Market Commentary - The market has entered a positive feedback loop, with the recent rally driven by a significant increase in risk appetite and strong overseas performance in optical module companies, leading to a substantial rise in the ChiNext Index [2][3][4] - On August 13, the Shanghai Composite Index rose by 0.48% to 3683.46 points, breaking the previous high since the 924 market, while the ChiNext Index surged by 3.62% to 2496.50 points, nearing its previous peak [2][3] - The total trading volume of the A-share market reached 2.18 trillion, the second highest this year, indicating robust market activity [2] Internal Driving Forces of the Bull Market - The current bull market is characterized by strong internal driving forces, with a steady upward trend since early April, supported by increased attention from decision-makers towards the capital market, continuous improvement in micro liquidity, and persistent market hotspots [4][6] - The decision-makers have shifted their tone from "stabilizing and activating" to "consolidating and improving," signaling a heightened focus on the capital market, which provides a safety net for ongoing liquidity inflows [4] - The bull market's internal driving forces have entered a virtuous cycle, with no changes in the three core supporting factors: increased attention from decision-makers, continuous liquidity inflow, and sustained market hotspots [4][6] Investment Focus - The report suggests focusing on sectors with the highest growth elasticity, particularly in technology and performance-supported areas [6][7] - The first investment line emphasizes high-elasticity growth technology sectors, including AI, computing power, robotics, and military industry, which are expected to perform well in the current bull market [6] - The second investment line targets sectors with strong performance support, such as rare earth permanent magnets, precious metals, engineering machinery, motorcycles, and agricultural chemicals, which are expected to benefit from favorable market conditions [6] - The third investment line highlights structural policy opportunities in service consumption and potential valuation recovery in real estate, driven by macro policy adjustments [7]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" [1] Core Viewpoints - The company is a high-quality supplier of automotive forged parts, actively expanding into the robotics sector [7][5] - The company has established deep collaborations with several global top 100 automotive parts groups, enhancing its market position [5][42] - The company has a strong technical reserve in forging and machining, with a continuous expansion of its product lines [7][31] Summary by Sections Basic Information - The company, established in 2004, focuses on forging and machining processes, offering a diverse range of products including wheel hub bearings, high-pressure common rail systems, ball head rods, steering knuckles, and more [12][18] - The company has a total market capitalization of 47 billion yuan and a circulating market value of 16 billion yuan [1] Growth Logic - The company has a rich product portfolio and high-quality customer base, with a focus on deepening its expertise in forging and machining while expanding into robotics and aerospace [7][31] - The company employs advanced hot die forging technology, allowing it to independently complete product design, mold design, and manufacturing [7][35] Financial Forecast and Investment Suggestions - The company is expected to achieve a net profit of 1.7 billion yuan, 2.2 billion yuan, and 2.7 billion yuan from 2025 to 2027, with corresponding growth rates of +15%, +28%, and +23% [7][45] - The projected revenue for 2025-2027 is 18.8 billion yuan, 23.6 billion yuan, and 28.3 billion yuan, with year-on-year growth rates of +20.1%, +25.6%, and +20.2% [7][45] - The company is expected to maintain a stable gross margin, projected at 20.2%, 20.8%, and 21.1% for the same period [46]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" [11] Core Views - The company reported a revenue of 39.65 billion yuan in Q2 2025, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 7.26%, and a net profit attributable to shareholders of 18.56 billion yuan, up 5.25% year-on-year [11] - The company demonstrated operational resilience with a 9% revenue growth in the first half of 2025, despite a challenging environment [7][11] - The company is expected to achieve its annual targets without issues, with ongoing product development and channel strategies to enhance consumer engagement [7] Financial Performance Summary - Q2 2025 revenue breakdown: Moutai liquor revenue increased by 11.0% while series liquor revenue decreased by 6.5%, with Moutai liquor's share of total revenue rising by 2.6 percentage points to 82.6% [11] - For H1 2025, total revenue reached 91.09 billion yuan, a 9.16% increase year-on-year, with net profit attributable to shareholders at 45.40 billion yuan, up 8.89% [11] - The company's gross profit margin for Q2 2025 was 90.4%, a slight decrease of 0.26 percentage points year-on-year, primarily due to changes in product mix and increased expenses [5][11] Cash Flow and Debt Management - The company's operating cash flow decreased by 84.3% year-on-year in Q2 2025, mainly due to reduced deposits and increased reserve requirements [12] - As of the end of Q2 2025, the company's contract liabilities amounted to 5.51 billion yuan, reflecting a significant decrease compared to previous periods [12] Future Projections - The company is projected to achieve revenues of 190.13 billion yuan, 205.04 billion yuan, and 218.31 billion yuan for 2025, 2026, and 2027 respectively, with year-on-year growth rates of 9.2%, 7.8%, and 6.5% [13] - Net profit forecasts for the same period are 93.94 billion yuan, 102.03 billion yuan, and 109.07 billion yuan, with corresponding growth rates of 8.9%, 8.6%, and 6.9% [13]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for BYD is "Buy" (maintained) [1] Core Views - In July, BYD achieved total sales of 344,000 new energy vehicles, a slight year-on-year increase of 1% but a month-on-month decrease of 10%. Cumulative sales from January to July reached 2.49 million units, representing a year-on-year growth of 27%. The decline in July sales is attributed to seasonal factors, including reduced terminal demand due to high temperatures and the end of discounts [4] - BYD's overseas expansion is accelerating, with July exports reaching 81,000 units, a significant year-on-year increase of 169%. Cumulative exports from January to July totaled 545,000 units, up 133% year-on-year. The slight month-on-month decline is due to increased tariffs in Brazil affecting short-term logistics adjustments [5] - The DM-i 5.0 technology has been updated, significantly reducing fuel consumption by 10% to 2.6L per 100 kilometers. This upgrade will be available to all existing and new owners of DM technology vehicles through free OTA updates [6] - The company is expected to benefit from an increase in high-end product sales and accelerated overseas exports, with projected sales of 4.99 million, 5.72 million, and 6.58 million units from 2025 to 2027, and net profit attributable to the parent company expected to reach 50.9 billion, 62.6 billion, and 74.4 billion yuan respectively [7] Financial Summary - For the fiscal year 2024, BYD's revenue is projected to be 777.1 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 29%. The net profit attributable to the parent company is expected to be 40.3 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 34% [10] - The gross profit margin is expected to be 19.4% in 2024, slightly decreasing to 19.3% in 2025 but improving to 20.1% by 2027 [10] - The return on equity (ROE) is projected to be 21.7% in 2024, gradually decreasing to 17.9% by 2027 [10]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information provided regarding the report industry investment rating in the given content. 2. Core Views of the Report - The July CPI remained unchanged year - on - year, with a growth of 2.7%, lower than the Wind expected value of 2.72%. The core CPI increased slightly year - on - year, growing by 3.0%, also lower than the expected 3.04%. Both CPI and core CPI are below the inflation level in February this year [2]. - The main reason for the CPI decline this month is the drop in the energy item, and food prices also slightly decreased. The energy sub - item decreased by 1.1% month - on - month, and gasoline prices decreased by 2.2% month - on - month. Food sub - item increased by 2.9% year - on - year, with a slowdown [3]. - The new and used car markets are warming up, indicating a recovery in consumer demand and confidence. However, the used - car wholesale market shows a slight decline, and the inflation concerns from it may be alleviated. Furniture prices are still cooling, reflecting a deepening of weakening demand [4]. - Service - related CPI continues to rise, mainly due to expectations. But the cooling housing market may make service inflation unsustainable, and the spiral risk is still weak [5]. - Supply chain pressure continues to ease, and the CPI of tariff - related commodity categories is cooling. The "one - time impact theory of tariffs" has more explanatory power for the market [7]. - This month's CPI presents a pattern of "service inflation and commodity deflation". Weak demand has a strong resistance to prices, and the decline in commodity CPI further confirms that the impact of tariffs on prices may be one - time. The rise in service CPI may not form a stubborn inflation spiral [7]. - Inflation is still controllable. Market participants regard the inflation data as a positive signal. The FedWatch tool shows that the expectation of the Fed cutting interest rates in September has risen from 85.9% to 93.4%, and more voices within the Fed support interest rate cuts [8]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Data Observation - **CPI and Core CPI Trends**: In July, the CPI increased by 2.7% year - on - year, with a 0.2% month - on - month increase (0.1 pct lower than the previous value). The core CPI increased by 3.0% year - on - year, with a 0.3% month - on - month increase (0.1 pct higher than the previous value) [2]. - **CPI Sub - item Analysis**: The energy sub - item decreased by 1.1% month - on - month (previous value 0.9%), and gasoline prices decreased by 2.2% month - on - month. The food sub - item increased by 2.9% year - on - year, 0.1 pct lower than last month, and 0.0% month - on - month (0.3% in June) [3]. - **Demand - Sensitive Indicators**: Used - car prices increased by 0.5% month - on - month (previous value - 0.7%), and 4.8% year - on - year. New - car prices also recovered. The CCI US consumer confidence index rose to 97.3% (previous value 93%). However, the used - car wholesale market declined, with the Manheim used - car value index showing a year - on - year decrease to 2.8% and a month - on - month decrease to - 0.53% [4]. - **Demand - Lagging Indicators**: Furniture price growth slowed to 0.7% month - on - month (previous value 1.0%), reflecting the real impact of tariffs on prices and the deepening of weakening demand [4]. - **Service - Related CPI**: Service - related CPI continued to rise, but the housing market cooled. Most service - related CPI items increased, especially for medical care services and transportation services. The S&P CS housing price index shows that market rent growth has slowed for 5 consecutive months [5]. 3.2 In - depth Analysis - **Inflation Pattern**: This month's CPI shows a pattern of "service inflation and commodity deflation". Weak demand has a strong resistance to prices, and the decline in commodity CPI confirms the one - time impact of tariffs on prices [7]. - **Reasons for the Limited Service Inflation Spiral**: Firstly, the rise in service CPI is driven by inflation expectations, but the actual decline in commodity prices this month may disprove these expectations. Secondly, the areas where service inflation continues to rise are mostly essential - need categories, and the downward trend in the real estate market shows that inflation lacks a strong rolling effect [7][10]. - **Inflation Outlook**: Inflation is still controllable. Since May, the CPI has remained at 2.7% after a one - time jump, and the core CPI has only increased by 0.1 pct per month, which is lower than the level in February. The market regards the inflation data as positive, and the expectation of the Fed cutting interest rates in September has increased [8].

Investment Rating - Investment Rating: Buy (Maintain) [1] Core Views - The company reported a total revenue of 2.067 billion yuan for the first half of 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 57.18%, and a net profit attributable to shareholders of 604 million yuan, up 101.96% year-on-year [5][11] - Domestic sales revenue reached 1.845 billion yuan in the first half of 2025, a year-on-year increase of 55.28%, driven by two rounds of insulin procurement that significantly expanded market share [5] - International sales revenue was 219 million yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 74.68%, as the company deepened its global market expansion and strengthened local operational capabilities [5] Financial Performance - The company achieved a net profit of 292 million yuan in Q2 2025, a year-on-year increase of 43.80%, with a non-GAAP net profit of 273 million yuan, up 149.03% year-on-year [5] - R&D investment for the first half of 2025 reached 552 million yuan, accounting for 26.70% of total revenue [6] - The company expects revenues of 4.393 billion yuan, 5.229 billion yuan, and 6.247 billion yuan for 2025, 2026, and 2027, respectively, with corresponding year-on-year growth rates of 44.2%, 19.0%, and 19.5% [11][13] Product Pipeline - The company has several key products in clinical stages, including the long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist, Bo Fang Gu Lu Tai injection, which is in Phase III clinical trials in China and Phase II in the U.S. [7] - GZR4 injection, a fourth-generation insulin product, is in Phase III clinical trials in China and has received Phase I approval in Europe and the U.S. [8] - GZR101 injection, a premixed dual insulin formulation, has completed Phase II clinical trials in China and has shown superior efficacy compared to existing treatments [9]