今日早参 2025 年 6 月 04 日 张继强 研究所所长、固收首席研究员 座机：13910012450 邮箱：zhangjiqiang@htsc.com 仇文竹 债券策略研究组长 座机：13910895671 邮箱：qiuwenzhu@htsc.com 张继强 研究所所长、固收首席研究员 座机：13910012450 邮箱：zhangjiqiang@htsc.com 今日热点 固定收益：流动性跟踪周报（2025.5.26-6.1） 上周公开市场到期 9460 亿元，均为逆回购到期，公开市场投放 16026 亿 元，均为逆回购投放，合计净投放 6566 亿元。上周资金面整体均衡， DR007 均值为 1.7%，较前一周上行 10BP，R007 均值为 1.64%，较前一周 上行 5BP，DR001 和 R001 均值分别为 1.45%和 1.51%。交易所回购利率整 体上行，GC007 均值为 1.72%，较前一周上行 9BP。截至上周最后一个交易 日，逆回购未到期余额为 6566 亿元，较前一周下行。 风险提示：房地产政策超预期，地缘风险超预期。 研报发布日期：2025-06-03 研究员 张继强 SAC ...

Key Insights - The report highlights a recovery in the real estate sector, with a month-on-month sales increase of 17.0% for the top 100 real estate companies in May 2025, although year-on-year sales decreased by 7.9% [7][21] - The Robo X industry, including Robotaxi and Robovan, is experiencing accelerated commercialization, driven by policy and industry resonance, with significant growth in fleet size and order volume [5] - The insurance sector is expected to benefit from a potential reduction in preset interest rates, improving the cost structure of life insurance products and enhancing sales momentum [20] Group 1: Real Estate - In May 2025, the sales amount of the top 100 real estate companies increased by 17.0% month-on-month, indicating a narrowing decline compared to April [7] - The cumulative sales from January to May 2025 showed a year-on-year decrease of 9.9%, but the decline rate has narrowed [7][21] - The report suggests that the gradual implementation of financial policies will help stabilize the real estate market [7] Group 2: Robo X Industry - The commercialization of Robo X, represented by Robotaxi and Robovan, is accelerating, with major companies expanding their fleets and increasing order volumes [5] - The logistics potential of Robovan is highlighted, with a positive cycle of technology cost reduction and scenario validation [5] - The report emphasizes the investment opportunities across the entire Robo X industry chain, recommending focus on core operating platforms and high-growth hardware suppliers [5] Group 3: Insurance Sector - The expected adjustment in preset interest rates for life insurance products is anticipated to improve the cost-benefit situation, potentially enhancing sales dynamics [20] - The insurance sector's stock valuations are currently at historical lows, with the potential for recovery as liquidity and fundamentals improve [20] - The report recommends focusing on companies with strong asset-liability matching, such as China Pacific Insurance and Ping An Insurance [20]

证券研究报告 基础材料 波涌回调藏富路，且将机遇入囊中 华泰研究 2025 年 6 月 03 日│中国内地 中期策略 压力与机遇并存，把握回调后的战略配置机遇 "逆全球化"背景下，黄金投资框架发生变化，在矿产金供给相对稳定的前 提下，央行等资产配置需求的大规模增加将利于金价长期上涨。美国通胀预 期、财政赤字、降息预期或均利好黄金，看好金价在特朗普任期内涨至 4500 美金/盎司以上。针对铜，短期需谨防关税扰动下需求提前透支后的回调风 险，长期看好其供需格局的持续改善。针对铝，25H1 光伏抢装和抢出口导 致需求高增长，尽管三季度或存在需求走弱预期，但电解铝价格下跌幅度或 有限；成本下降和供给硬约束或帮助电解铝利润在 25H2-26 年再扩张。针 对钢铁，25 年供给侧优化或重启，铁矿供需格局或趋松，钢价上行空间有 限但行业利润有望持续改善。 黄金：理解边际定价逻辑，特朗普任期或突破 4500 美金/盎司 在历次黄金上涨大周期中，全球经济大变局往往强化特定要素，催生新的边 际买家，重塑黄金投资框架。理解边际买家对价格的主导作用，有助于理解 2022 年以来金价的持续上涨。我们认为，除非美国恢复高增长低通胀并行的 ...

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Overweight" [6] Core Viewpoints - The Robovan unmanned logistics vehicle is accelerating commercialization driven by strong demand in urban distribution, particularly in the express delivery sector [1] - The commercialization of unmanned logistics vehicles is at a turning point due to the convergence of cost reduction, technological advancements, and downstream demand for cost efficiency [2] - The business model allows downstream companies to purchase unmanned logistics vehicles, which are then operated through a software app, leading to significant cost savings [3] - Current regulations and road rights are not unified, with low-speed urban distribution being the primary operational scenario for unmanned logistics vehicles [4] Summary by Sections Industry Overview - The unmanned logistics vehicle Robovan is gaining traction in the express delivery sector, with potential expansion into other urban distribution areas such as fresh produce and supermarkets [1] - Key players include startups with L4 autonomous driving technology and logistics experience, as well as delivery companies and multi-scenario L4 companies [1] Cost and Technology - The manufacturing cost of unmanned logistics vehicles has decreased to the mid-ten thousand yuan range due to the scaling of suppliers in the passenger vehicle autonomous driving industry [2] - The application of end-to-end large models in autonomous driving has reduced the reliance on high-precision maps, facilitating quicker delivery and operational flexibility [2] Business Model - The business model involves suppliers conducting road data testing and vehicle production, with downstream companies operating the vehicles via a software app [3] - The pricing model includes a vehicle purchase or leasing option, along with a software subscription service, which is more cost-effective than traditional labor costs [3] Regulatory Environment - Road rights for unmanned vehicles vary significantly across regions, with no national standard, limiting the deployment of unmanned logistics vehicles primarily to low-speed urban delivery [4] - In 2022, there were approximately 14.59 million vehicles used for urban distribution, indicating a vast potential market for unmanned logistics vehicles [4]

证券研究报告 多元金融 东南亚：金融科技下一站 华泰研究 2025 年 6 月 03 日│中国内地 专题研究 东南亚金融科技具备较强发展潜力 支付、信贷、保险和虚拟资产作为金融科技的四大方向，在东南亚的发展潜 力巨大。东南亚人口 6.3 亿，40 岁以下人口占比在 60%以上，2023 年整体 GDP 增速约 4%，其中大部分国家约 5%，数字基础设施建设正逐步铺开， 政策环境相对友好，为金融科技发展提供了良好的宏观环境。数字支付有望 逐步取代目前仍然流行的现金，东南亚现金支付比例为 44%，远高于中国 的 5.8%；互联网信贷余额由 2022 年 480 亿美元增长至 2024 年 710 亿美 元，但 1.8%的渗透率远不及 17 年中国的 3.2%。当地贷款产品定价高且风 险相对可控，保障了互联网信贷公司的盈利；保险科技行业的发展相对早期， 行业渗透率仍然较低；虚拟资产在东南亚普及度高，监管环境相对友好。 数字支付渗透率不断提升 数字支付有望取代现金。24 年东南亚仍有 44%的交易以现金形式完成，而 中国仅有 5.8%（2023），主要受制于支付网络不完善，但东南亚消费者的 支付习惯正逐步线上化。首先 ...

多元金融 证券研究报告 十问稳定币 华泰研究 2025 年 6 月 03 日│中国内地 动态点评 美、港（中国香港）立法凸显战略考量 2025 年 5 月 19 日和 21 日，美国和中国香港分别通过稳定币相关立法，明 确了稳定币监管框架，这是继比特币 ETF 之后，对加密货币认可的又一里 程碑事件。美国和中国香港对稳定币的监管规则制定持积极态度，稳定币被 视为未来数字金融基础设施的重要组成部分，均希望通过正确管理稳定币， 进一步扩大法币的影响力，巩固各自金融中心地位。我们梳理了十条问题， 作为投资者了解稳定币的参考。 1. 什么是稳定币？稳定币是基于区块链技术的加密货币，客户通过支付法 币获得区块链上的稳定币。稳定币主要与法币（美元为主）以固定兑换比例 挂钩，才称之为稳定币。截至 2025 年 6 月 2 日全球稳定币总市值超过 2,300 亿美元，其中 USDT 和 USDC 合计市值 2,140 亿美元，占比约九成。 2. 稳定币的主要用途是什么？稳定币是一种较为纯粹的支付手段，其价值 锚定法币，没有利息，增值属性弱。稳定币省略了传统支付方式中必须的中 心节点和基础设施，从而起到降低支付成本，提升支付效 ...

证券研究报告 宏观 "再平衡"中孕育新机遇 我们维持今年实际 GDP 增长 5%左右的判断不变，名义 GDP、尤其是名义 内需增长有望比去年小幅回升，主要受地产、租金及国内服务业价格降幅收 窄推动。2025 年 2-4 季度的总需求增长路径总体平稳，但内外需动能转换 加剧：内需增长有望逐季回升。而外需对总需求的实际贡献有序下降，但油 价大幅下跌可能推动贸易顺差扩张。价格指数层面，油价和食品价格形成拖 累，但中下游物价和利润率有望企稳、局部回升。 除了周期自身的规律外，我们对 2025 中国增长"达标"（5%）的预测也基 于对海内外政策"基准情形"的一些预判：① 美国对全球加征关税水平在 15%左右，对华加征关税在 30-40%之间；② 财政政策从此前实际偏紧的 立场转向温和宽松，全年中央+地方财政支出增长有望高于名义 GDP，广义 财政政策多措并举稳增长；③ 货币政策小幅宽松，进一步降准降息仍有空 间，但幅度较小；同时，结构性货币政策持续发力，市场流动性保持宽松。 华泰研究 2025 年 6 月 03 日│中国内地 中期策略 中国 2025 年下半年宏观展望 1. 复盘 2025 以来宏观走势：惊喜、挑战与机 ...

Group 1: Policy Outlook - The report indicates that the U.S. tariff fluctuations are expected to decrease, with a focus on domestic policies as the Trump administration faces feedback constraints from judicial bodies and the market [2][12]. - The total level of tariffs imposed by the U.S. on global imports is projected to stabilize around 15%, with strategic goods like steel, aluminum, and pharmaceuticals likely to retain high tariffs [2][12]. - The "Beautiful Bill" passed by the House is expected to increase the fiscal deficit by $3.1 trillion over ten years, with the deficit rate potentially rising to 7% by 2026 [3][13][25]. Group 2: Economic Growth Forecast - Following a negative growth in Q1, the U.S. economic growth momentum is anticipated to recover marginally from May onwards, with annual growth expected to reach 1.6% in 2025 [3][27]. - The report predicts that consumer confidence and corporate investment willingness will improve due to fiscal expansion and reduced tariff impacts, contributing to a more stable labor market with an unemployment rate around 4.5% [3][27][30]. - The report highlights that while the labor market remains resilient, new non-farm employment is expected to slow down in the second half of 2025 due to uncertainties surrounding tariffs and immigration policies [30]. Group 3: Inflation and Monetary Policy - Core inflation in the U.S. is expected to remain sticky, with projections indicating it will stay above 3% annually through 2026, influenced by fiscal expansion and tariff policies [3][4][28]. - The Federal Reserve is anticipated to implement preventive rate cuts in late 2025, although high long-term interest rates may limit the effectiveness of these cuts [4][10]. - The report suggests that the high yield on U.S. Treasury bonds could become a significant constraint on fiscal and tariff policies, as well as market performance [4][10][40]. Group 4: Asset Valuation and Market Dynamics - The valuation premium of the U.S. dollar and dollar-denominated assets is expected to continue shrinking, with rising risk premiums and challenges in bond yields [4][10]. - The report forecasts that the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield will remain in the range of 4.5% to 5% in the second half of 2025, which could negatively impact stock valuations [4][10][41]. - The report notes that the rapid increase in Treasury yields could drag down stock valuations, indicating a potential volatility source for risk assets [4][10][41].

证券研究报告 汽车/科技 政策产业共振，"Robo X"迎来新成长 华泰研究 2025 年 6 月 02 日│中国内地 动态点评 政策与产业共振下，Robo X（以 Robotaxi 和 Robovan 为代表的无人载具） 商业化落地加速，多重催化下资本市场关注度显著提升，如特斯拉计划 6 月 推出 Robotaxi 服务，头部企业运营数据持续验证商业模式可行性，以及中 国方案全球输出的潜力。故我们重新审视 Robo X 产业。①Robotaxi：25Q1 小马智行/文远知行/萝卜快跑等车队规模持续扩大，订单量快速增长并积极 拓展海外运营。②Robovan 在物流领域展现较大潜力，形成"技术降本-场景 验证-规模扩张"的正向循环，商业模式初步跑通，25 年或加速落地。③Robo X 演绎至更广阔的无人化应用，Robosweeper/Robotruck 等场景商业化亦在 提速，无人机物流崭露头角。Robo X 产业加速落地有望带来全产业链投资 机遇，建议关注：核心运营平台、高成长硬件供应商及场景集成商。 Robotaxi：商业化进程加速，中国方案有望实现全球输出 全球 Robotaxi 商业化进程加速，中国方案 ...

证券研究报告 工业/基础材料 5 月建筑新订单/地产销售环比改善 华泰研究 2025 年 6 月 02 日│中国内地 行业周报（第二十二周） 本周观点：5 月地产销售环比改善，新产业投资高景气 (2.0) (1.3) (0.5) 0.3 1.0 05/23 05/25 05/27 05/29 (%) 建筑与工程 建材 沪深300 (2.00) (0.50) 1.00 2.50 4.00 陶瓷 建筑装修 建筑设计及服务 专用材料 其他建材 建筑施工 水泥 玻璃 (%) 一周内各行业涨跌图 (6.0) (3.3) (0.5) 2.3 5.0 房 地 产 服 务 环 保 航 天 军 工 医 药 健 康 通 信 农 林 牧 渔 计 算 机 交 通 运 输 传 媒 石 油 天 然 气 综 合 房 地 产 开 发 建 筑 与 工 程 商 业 贸 易 保 险 轻 工 制 造 社 会 服 务 证 券 银 行 公 用 事 业 机 械 设 备 建 材 煤 炭 教 育 和 人 力 资 源 纺 织 服 装 电 子 基 础 化 工 食 品 饮 料 家 用 电 器 有 色 金 属 钢 铁 电 力 设 备 与 新 能 源 汽 车 多 元 ...