Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Accumulate" rating for the basic chemical industry [5] Core Views - The chemical industry is expected to undergo a new round of supply-side reforms, driven by the government's initiatives to eliminate outdated production capacity and improve industry structure [1][21] - The "anti-involution" policy is anticipated to support the exit of old capacities, benefiting leading companies in sub-industries such as refining, fertilizers, pigments, organic silicon, soda ash, and chlor-alkali/PVC [1][21] Summary by Sections Refining - Strict control of refining capacity and low operating rates of local refineries in Shandong are expected to improve the profitability of major refineries [2][24] - As of 2024, China's refining capacity is projected to be 934 million tons, with a target to keep crude oil processing capacity below 1 billion tons by 2025 [24][25] Urea - Future supply is expected to decrease, with only 493,000 tons of new urea capacity projected by 2025, representing 6.5% of the current total capacity [2][26] - The industry is likely to benefit from supply reductions and potential export opportunities, particularly for leading companies capable of upgrading their facilities [26] Soda Ash and PVC - Increased demand from infrastructure projects is expected to drive recovery in the soda ash and PVC markets [3][27] - New soda ash capacity planned for 2025-2026 is estimated at 868,000 tons, accounting for 20% of the total capacity in 2024 [28] - The PVC industry is also expected to see limited new capacity, with a projected increase of 500,000 tons by 2025-2026, representing 17% of the total capacity in 2024 [29] Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on leading companies in various sub-industries, including: - Refining: China Petroleum, Sinopec, Hengli Petrochemical, Rongsheng Petrochemical, Dongfang Shenghong [4] - Fertilizers: Hualu Hengsheng, Chuanheng Co., Hubei Yihua, Salt Lake Potash, Yara International, Sinochem Fertilizer [4] - Pigments: Qicai Chemical, Baihehua, Xinkai Technology, Zhejiang Longsheng, Runtu Co. [4] - Chlor-alkali/PVC: Yangmei Chemical, Chlor-alkali Chemical, Xinjiang Tianye [4] - Organic Silicon/Industrial Silicon: Hoshine Silicon, Xin'an Chemical, Silbond Technology [4] - Soda Ash: Sanyou Chemical, Boyuan Chemical, Shandong Haihua [4]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the petrochemical industry [6] Core Insights - The central state-owned enterprises (SOEs) are focusing on developing new quality productivity and restructuring to enhance competitiveness [1][4] - R&D investment in the petrochemical sector has increased, with the R&D expense ratio for central SOEs rising from 0.55% in 2019 to 0.77% in 2024, while local SOEs increased from 1.44% to 2.49% in the same period [2][12] - A shift in capital expenditure is anticipated, with a slowdown expected in 2024, indicating a potential reversal in the capital expenditure cycle [3][15] - The report emphasizes the importance of asset restructuring among central SOEs to optimize capital allocation and enhance core competitiveness [4][18] - Investment opportunities are highlighted in companies such as China National Petroleum Corporation, Sinopec, and various subsidiaries of state-owned enterprises [5] Summary by Sections Section 1: Development of New Quality Productivity - The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) emphasizes the need for SOEs to focus on strategic guidance and long-termism to cultivate new quality productivity [1][11] - The meeting highlighted the importance of resisting "involution" competition and optimizing the allocation of state-owned assets [1][11] Section 2: R&D Investment - Central SOEs in the petrochemical sector have significantly increased their R&D efforts, with notable advancements in key technologies [2][12] - For instance, China National Petroleum Corporation established new research institutes to focus on critical technologies in new materials [2][12] Section 3: Capital Expenditure Trends - After peaks in capital expenditure in 2021 and 2023, a decrease is expected in 2024, with projected capital expenditure of 248.5 billion yuan, close to the 2019 level of 242 billion yuan [3][15] - The report anticipates that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will introduce new policies aimed at optimizing the industry structure and promoting supply-side reforms [3][15] Section 4: Asset Restructuring Opportunities - The report suggests that the restructuring of state-owned assets will create investment opportunities, particularly in sectors critical to national security and public services [4][18] - The focus is on optimizing the layout of state-owned capital to enhance overall efficiency and functionality [4][18] Section 5: Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on specific companies such as China National Petroleum Corporation, Sinopec, and leading local SOEs like Wanhua Chemical and Hualu Hengsheng [5]

Report Industry Investment Rating No information about the industry investment rating is provided in the content. Report's Core View From July 21 to July 25, 2025, the secondary - market prices of publicly - listed REITs in China generally declined. The weighted REITs index had a return rate of - 1.73%. Compared with other mainstream asset classes, REITs performed weakly. In terms of different project attributes and underlying asset types, there were differences in price trends, trading volumes, and capital flows. A new REIT, Chuangjin Hexin Shounong REIT, was listed on July 25, 2025, and a new project, "Zhonghang Tianhong Consumption Closed - end Infrastructure Securities Investment Fund", was reported for the first time [1][4]. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 1. Secondary Market 1.1 Price Trends - **At the level of major asset classes**: From July 21 to July 25, 2025, the secondary - market prices of publicly - listed REITs in China generally declined. The returns of the CSI REITs (closing) and CSI REITs total return indices were - 1.79% and - 1.56% respectively, and the weighted REITs index return was - 1.73%. Among major asset classes, the return of REITs ranked the lowest, with the order from high to low being convertible bonds > A - shares > US stocks > gold > pure bonds > crude oil > REITs [10]. - **At the level of underlying assets**: Both equity - type and franchise - type REITs' secondary - market prices declined, with equity - type REITs having a smaller decline. In terms of underlying asset types, park - type REITs had the smallest decline. The top three underlying asset types in terms of returns were park - type, warehousing and logistics, and transportation infrastructure, with returns of - 0.63%, - 1.09%, and - 1.44% respectively [15][18]. - **At the single - REIT level**: Excluding the newly - listed Chuangjin Hexin Shounong REIT, 9 REITs rose and 59 declined. The top three in terms of increase were Boshi Jinkai Industrial Park REIT, China Merchants Science and Technology Innovation REIT, and Huatai Jiangsu Expressway REIT, with increases of 8.49%, 3.79%, and 2.2% respectively. The top three in terms of decline were CITIC Construction Investment Mingyang Smart New Energy REIT, ICBC Mengneng Clean Energy REIT, and AVIC Yishang Warehousing and Logistics REIT, with declines of 8.49%, 6.89%, and 6.07% respectively [1][22]. 1.2 Trading Volume and Turnover Rate - **At the level of underlying assets**: The trading volume of publicly - listed REITs this week was 3.35 billion yuan, and the average daily turnover rate of park infrastructure - type REITs was the highest. The top three in terms of trading volume were park infrastructure, transportation infrastructure, and consumer infrastructure, with trading volumes of 1.042 billion, 0.59 billion, and 0.457 billion yuan respectively. The top three in terms of average daily turnover rate were park infrastructure, ecological and environmental protection, and municipal facilities, with rates of 1.70%, 1.21%, and 1.15% respectively [26]. - **At the single - REIT level**: The trading volume and turnover rate of single REITs continued to show differentiation. The top three in terms of trading volume were Chuangjin Hexin Shounong REIT, Huaan Zhangjiang Industrial Park REIT, and Southern SF Logistics REIT. The top three in terms of trading amount were Chuangjin Hexin Shounong REIT, Huaxia China Resources Commercial REIT, and Huaan Zhangjiang Industrial Park REIT. The top three in terms of turnover rate were Chuangjin Hexin Shounong REIT, Huaxia Jinyu Zhizao Factory REIT, and CICC Yizhuang Industrial Park REIT [27]. 1.3 Main Force Net Inflow and Block Trading - **Main force net inflow situation**: The total net inflow of the main force this week was 95.17 million yuan, and the market trading enthusiasm increased. The top three underlying asset types in terms of net inflow were park infrastructure, warehousing and logistics, and water conservancy facilities, with net inflows of 97.18 million, 10.64 million, and 3.21 million yuan respectively. The top three single REITs in terms of net inflow were Chuangjin Hexin Shounong REIT, Huaxia Shen International REIT, and Hongtu Innovation Yantian Port REIT, with net inflows of 88.48 million, 4.95 million, and 4.9 million yuan respectively [31]. - **Block trading situation**: The total block trading amount this week was 127.05 million yuan, a decrease compared with last week. The highest single - day block trading amount was on July 22, 2025, which was 50.12 million yuan. The top three single REITs in terms of block trading amount were Ping An Guangzhou Guanghe REIT, AVIC Jingneng Photovoltaic REIT, and CITIC Construction Investment Mingyang Smart New Energy REIT, with trading amounts of 50.12 million, 39.96 million, and 19.37 million yuan respectively [32]. 2. Primary Market 2.1 Listed Projects As of July 25, 2025, there were 69 publicly - listed REITs in China, with a total issuance scale of 180.746 billion yuan. The transportation infrastructure - type had the largest issuance scale, followed by park infrastructure - type. Chuangjin Hexin Shounong REIT was listed on July 25, 2025, with an asset type of park infrastructure and an issuance scale of 3.685 billion yuan [36]. 2.2 Projects to be Listed There were 26 REITs in the state of being to be listed, including 15 initial - offering REITs and 11 REITs to be expanded. The status of the initial - offering project of "Zhonghang Tianhong Consumption Closed - end Infrastructure Securities Investment Fund" was updated to "reported" this week [39].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the company [6]. Core Views - The demand for active magnesium oxide is expected to increase significantly, benefiting the domestic refractory materials sector amid the steel industry's "anti-involution" trend [4]. - The strategic agreement with Greenmeadow is projected to enhance the certainty of active magnesium oxide demand, with a forecasted net profit of 305 million, 547 million, and 759 million yuan for 2025, 2026, and 2027 respectively [4]. Summary by Sections Strategic Cooperation - The company has signed a supplementary agreement with Greenmeadow, expecting to supply 500,000 tons of low-cost core precipitant products by December 31, 2028 [1]. - The supply schedule for active magnesium oxide is estimated at 50,000 tons in 2025, 150,000 tons in 2026, and 150,000 tons in 2027 and 2028 [2]. Cost Reduction and Competitive Advantage - Active magnesium oxide can reduce the hydrometallurgical nickel smelting costs by 10%-15%, significantly improving the profitability and global competitiveness of Greenmeadow's nickel resource projects [3]. Industry Context - The domestic refractory materials business is expected to gradually recover as the steel industry improves profitability, following the central government's emphasis on regulating low-price competition and promoting the orderly exit of backward production capacity [4]. Financial Forecasts - The report projects revenues of 5.759 billion, 6.377 billion, and 6.943 billion yuan for 2025, 2026, and 2027 respectively, with corresponding net profits of 305 million, 547 million, and 759 million yuan [5][11]. - The earnings per share (EPS) are forecasted to be 0.30, 0.54, and 0.75 yuan for 2025, 2026, and 2027 respectively [5][11].

The provided content does not contain any specific quantitative models or factors, nor does it include detailed construction processes, formulas, or backtesting results for such models or factors. The report primarily focuses on market analysis, index performance, valuation levels, and fund flows. Therefore, there are no quantitative models or factors to summarize based on the given content.

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Accumulate" rating for the non-bank financial sector [1] Core Insights - The scheduled interest rate for traditional insurance products has been adjusted down to 2.0%, while the maximum scheduled interest rate for dividend insurance products is set at 1.75% [2][4] - The scheduled interest rate research value has decreased by 14 basis points to 1.99%, indicating a downward trend in the insurance sector's interest rates [3] - The adjustment mechanism for scheduled interest rates is triggered when the maximum scheduled interest rate for insurance products exceeds the research value by more than 25 basis points for two consecutive quarters [4] Summary by Sections Event Overview - On July 25, the China Insurance Industry Association held a meeting to discuss the scheduled interest rates for life insurance products, concluding that the current research value is 1.99% [2] - Major insurance companies announced adjustments to their scheduled interest rates, with traditional insurance products set at a maximum of 2.0% and dividend insurance products at 1.75% [2] Rate Adjustments - The scheduled interest rates for traditional, dividend, and universal insurance products have been reduced to 2.0%, 1.75%, and 1.0% respectively [4] - The adjustment mechanism is activated due to the current scheduled interest rates being significantly higher than the research value, necessitating a reduction [4] Market Implications - The reduction in scheduled interest rates is expected to create a favorable environment for the development of dividend insurance products, as the previous higher rates had led to a significant increase in their market share [5] - The adjustment may cause short-term disruptions in new policy growth, but long-term benefits are anticipated as the proportion of floating income products increases [9] - The report suggests that companies with strong investment capabilities and higher dividend levels will gain a competitive advantage in the evolving market [5]

2025 年 7 月 26 日 总量研究 信用债发行环比增加，各行业信用利差整体上行 ——信用债周度观察（20250721-20250725） 要点 1、 一级市场 注：本篇报告的信用债口径包括定向工具、短期融资券、公司债、金融债（不含 同业存单）、中期票据、企业债。 2025 年 7 月 21 日至 7 月 25 日（以下简称"本周"），信用债共发行 414 只， 发行规模总计 5928.29 亿元，环比增加 47.80%。 发行规模方面，本周，产业债共发行 202 只，发行规模达 2192.81 亿元，环比 增加 24.66%,占本周信用债发行总规模的比例为 36.99%；城投债共发行 166 只， 发行规模达 1096.27 亿元，环比增加 2.90%,占本周信用债发行总规模的比例为 18.49%；金融债共发行 46 只，发行规模达 2639.21 亿元，环比增加 122.44%, 占本周信用债发行总规模的比例为 44.52%。 发行期限方面，本周信用债整体的平均发行期限为 3.35 年，其中，产业债平均 发行期限为 3.38 年、城投债平均发行期限为 3.75 年、金融债平均发行期限为 1.66 年。 ...

Quantitative Models and Construction Methods Model: PB-ROE-50 Combination - **Construction Idea**: The PB-ROE-50 combination aims to capture excess returns by selecting stocks with favorable Price-to-Book (PB) and Return on Equity (ROE) metrics. - **Construction Process**: The combination is constructed by selecting the top 50 stocks based on their PB and ROE metrics from the entire market stock pool, the CSI 500 stock pool, and the CSI 800 stock pool. The selection is updated periodically to maintain the combination's effectiveness.[23][24] - **Evaluation**: The PB-ROE-50 combination has shown the ability to generate positive excess returns in the overall market stock pool, although it has underperformed in the CSI 500 and CSI 800 stock pools this week.[23][24] Model: Institutional Research Combination - **Construction Idea**: This model leverages the insights from public and private institutional research to select stocks that are expected to outperform. - **Construction Process**: The combination is constructed by tracking the stocks that have been researched by public and private institutions. The performance of these stocks is then compared to the CSI 800 index to measure excess returns.[25][26] - **Evaluation**: Both the public and private institutional research strategies have generated positive excess returns this week, indicating the effectiveness of institutional insights in stock selection.[25][26] Model: Block Trade Combination - **Construction Idea**: This model aims to capture the information embedded in block trades, which are large transactions that can indicate significant investor interest. - **Construction Process**: The combination is constructed by selecting stocks with high block trade transaction amounts and low 6-day transaction amount volatility. The combination is rebalanced monthly to maintain its effectiveness.[29][30] - **Evaluation**: The block trade combination has generated positive excess returns this week, suggesting that the "high transaction, low volatility" principle is effective in identifying outperforming stocks.[29][30] Model: Private Placement Combination - **Construction Idea**: This model focuses on the event-driven opportunities presented by private placements, which can indicate significant corporate actions and investor interest. - **Construction Process**: The combination is constructed by selecting stocks involved in private placements, considering factors such as market capitalization, rebalancing cycle, and position control. The combination is updated based on the announcement date of the shareholders' meeting.[35][36] - **Evaluation**: The private placement combination has underperformed this week, generating negative excess returns, which raises questions about the current effectiveness of private placement event-driven strategies.[35][36] Model Backtesting Results PB-ROE-50 Combination - **CSI 500**: Excess return this week: -0.57%, Year-to-date excess return: 2.97%, Absolute return this week: 2.69%, Year-to-date absolute return: 13.29%[24] - **CSI 800**: Excess return this week: -0.45%, Year-to-date excess return: 7.47%, Absolute return this week: 1.64%, Year-to-date absolute return: 14.12%[24] - **Overall Market**: Excess return this week: 0.06%, Year-to-date excess return: 9.34%, Absolute return this week: 2.22%, Year-to-date absolute return: 20.17%[24] Institutional Research Combination - **Public Research**: Excess return this week: 1.02%, Year-to-date excess return: 7.37%, Absolute return this week: 3.15%, Year-to-date absolute return: 14.02%[26] - **Private Research**: Excess return this week: 2.72%, Year-to-date excess return: 18.45%, Absolute return this week: 4.88%, Year-to-date absolute return: 25.78%[26] Block Trade Combination - **Excess return this week**: 0.83%, Year-to-date excess return: 27.95%, Absolute return this week: 3.01%, Year-to-date absolute return: 40.62%[30] Private Placement Combination - **Excess return this week**: -0.46%, Year-to-date excess return: 7.55%, Absolute return this week: 1.69%, Year-to-date absolute return: 18.19%[36] Quantitative Factors and Construction Methods Single Factors - **Top Performing Factors in CSI 300**: Single-quarter operating profit YoY growth rate (2.40%), Price-to-Book ratio (2.30%), Turnover rate relative volatility (2.19%)[12][13] - **Top Performing Factors in CSI 500**: Downside volatility proportion (3.85%), Intraday volatility and transaction amount correlation (3.44%), Price-to-Earnings TTM inverse (2.31%)[14][15] - **Top Performing Factors in Liquidity 1500**: Price-to-Book ratio (1.67%), Price-to-Earnings TTM inverse (1.20%), Price-to-Earnings ratio (0.97%)[16][17] Factor Backtesting Results CSI 300 - **Single-quarter operating profit YoY growth rate**: 2.40%[12][13] - **Price-to-Book ratio**: 2.30%[12][13] - **Turnover rate relative volatility**: 2.19%[12][13] CSI 500 - **Downside volatility proportion**: 3.85%[14][15] - **Intraday volatility and transaction amount correlation**: 3.44%[14][15] - **Price-to-Earnings TTM inverse**: 2.31%[14][15] Liquidity 1500 - **Price-to-Book ratio**: 1.67%[16][17] - **Price-to-Earnings TTM inverse**: 1.20%[16][17] - **Price-to-Earnings ratio**: 0.97%[16][17]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the company, indicating a positive outlook for future investment returns exceeding the market benchmark by more than 15% over the next 6-12 months [5][13]. Core Insights - The company is a leading player in the domestic inductance market, with a significant global market share in magnetic components, microwave devices, sensors, and fine ceramics. The company reported a revenue of 1.461 billion yuan in Q1 2025, a year-on-year increase of 16%, and a net profit of 233 million yuan, up 37% year-on-year [1]. - The company has successfully expanded its automotive electronics business, achieving a revenue of 1.1 billion yuan in 2024, representing a 62% year-on-year growth. Its products cover various electric and intelligent driving applications [2]. - The company is actively collaborating with leading data center enterprises to develop energy-efficient product combinations for AI servers and storage solutions, responding to the increasing demand for high power density and low power consumption [2]. Summary by Sections Company Overview - The company specializes in magnetic components and has a strong presence in the global market, particularly in high-precision products. Its product applications are expanding into 5G communications, big data, automotive electronics, and renewable energy sectors [1]. Financial Performance - For 2023, the company forecasts a revenue of 5.04 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 18.93%. The net profit is projected to be 641 million yuan, reflecting a growth rate of 47.91% [4][9]. - The company expects to achieve a net profit of 1.057 billion yuan by 2025, with a corresponding P/E ratio of 22 [3][4]. Market Trends - The report highlights the acceleration of AI applications in consumer electronics, which is expected to create new market opportunities for various components. The company has achieved comprehensive coverage of clients in the consumer electronics sector [1][2]. - The automotive electronics segment is noted for its comprehensive coverage of electrification scenarios, including intelligent driving and smart cockpit applications [2]. Valuation Metrics - The company’s projected P/E ratios are 36 for 2023, decreasing to 15 by 2027, indicating a favorable valuation trend as earnings grow [4][12]. - The report also provides a detailed forecast of revenue, net profit, and other financial metrics through 2027, showcasing a consistent growth trajectory [4][9][11].

Group 1: Nature and Market of Stablecoins - Stablecoins are essentially "on-chain" dollars, designed to mitigate cryptocurrency market volatility and enhance payment efficiency[1] - As of July 24, 2025, the total market capitalization of stablecoins exceeded $270 billion, with USDT and USDC accounting for approximately 62% and 24% of the market, respectively[12] - USDT and USDC dominate the market, representing about 90% of stablecoin trading volume and 80% of market value[2] Group 2: Issuer Profit Models - Stablecoin issuers profit from the interest rate spread, as they do not pay interest on the stablecoins held by users[2] - Tether's reserve assets consist of approximately 80% in U.S. Treasury bonds and cash, while Circle's reserves are primarily in U.S. Treasury bonds and cash, leading to lower but safer returns[2] - Tether reported a net profit of approximately $13 billion in 2024, with $7 billion from U.S. Treasury investments and $5 billion from Bitcoin and gold holdings[50] Group 3: Regulatory Framework - The U.S. "GENIUS Act" mandates that stablecoins must be backed 100% by cash or short-term U.S. Treasury securities, with a diverse regulatory body overseeing compliance[3] - The EU's "MiCA Act" aims for unified regulation across member states, focusing on risk prevention and maintaining financial sovereignty[34] - Hong Kong's "Stablecoin Ordinance" emphasizes strict approval processes and a 100% reserve requirement, allowing for a more inclusive approach to stablecoin issuance[40] Group 4: Macro Implications - Dollar-backed stablecoins expand the functionality of the dollar, reinforcing its dominance in the international monetary system[4] - The growth of stablecoins poses new challenges for central banks in managing liquidity, as they can significantly increase the velocity of money circulation[4] - The expansion of stablecoins could exacerbate the U.S. government's long-term debt issues, as they are primarily tied to short-term bonds[4]