证券研究报告 | 2025年08月28日 海外债市系列之四 多维度中美债券基金对比研究 全球基金市场概况：近年来全球开放式基金市场不断增长，2024 年末总规模 达到 73.8 万亿美元。地域分布来看，开放式基金主要集中在美洲和欧洲， 合计规模超过八成，亚太地区占比约 1 成；其中，美国开放式基金在美洲占 比超过 9 成，中国开放式基金占比虽然快速增长，但目前仅占亚太地区 36.7%，美国开放式基金规模远高于中国。 中美债券基金分类：美国债券基金分类体系呈现显著的精细化特征，甚至针 对特定期限（如短期市政债）或地域（如单一国家债券）设计产品，满足投 资者对流动性、税收优化或地域分散的需求。而中国债券基金分类仍集中于 利率/信用、短期/中长期的基础维度。 中美债券基金监管框架演进：美国是底层框架法案的基础上，针对不同时期 的市场问题修订法案，形成了一套动态调节机制，并通过制度创新引导长期、 低成本资金流入债券基金；中国则基于自身市场阶段不断完善风险防控机 制、引导债基规范发展。二者共同揭示了债基监管需平衡风险防控与市场发 展的核心逻辑。 中美债券基金发展特征及规模变化：美国债基历经近百年演进，其发展轨迹 深刻反 ...

中国东方教育（00667.HK） 优于大市 收入增速拐点如期而至，提效控费利润快速释放 2025 年上半年度公司入增长明显提速，经调净利润维持较快增长。2025H1 公司实现收入 21.86 亿元/+10.2%，创上市以来新高，收入增速环比提速明 显（2024H1 为 1.6%）；实现净利润 4.03 亿元/+48.4%，接近此前预告上限 （增长不超过 50%）；经调净利润 4.16 亿元/+49.6%。收入增长提速，利润 维持较快增长。分专业看，2025H1 烹饪技术/西点西餐/信息技术/汽车服务/ 时 尚 美 业 分 别 实 现 收 入 10.2/1.8/3.7/4.9/0.7 亿 元 ， 同 比 +11%/+14%/-3%/+10%/+90%。信息技术长训学生占比高（25H195%），此前年 度招生下滑持续影响，伴随 25H1 招生同比回正，后续收入望恢复增长。 2025 年上半年长期课程招生表现良好。从新培训人次看，公司 2025H1 招生 8.4 万人次/+7%，各专业来看，时尚美业＞汽车服务＞信息技术＞烹饪技术 ＞西点西餐，时尚美业在低基数上维持较快增速；各训期来看，受益于就业 环境变化，主要面向 ...

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Outperform the Market" [5][12][13] Core Viewpoints - The company has demonstrated strong growth momentum in both its hotel and retail segments, leading to an upward revision of its full-year revenue guidance [3][12] - In Q2 2025, the company reported a revenue of 2.469 billion yuan, representing a year-on-year increase of 37.4%, and a net profit of 425 million yuan, up 39.8% [6][12] - The dual business model of hotel expansion and retail growth is expected to continue driving performance ahead of industry averages [3][12] Summary by Sections Hotel Performance - Hotel revenue in Q2 2025 reached 1.449 billion yuan, growing by 20.0% year-on-year, with franchise revenue at 1.299 billion yuan (+26.5%) and self-operated hotel revenue at 150 million yuan (-17.0%) [6][11] - The gross margin for hotels improved from 35.7% in Q2 2024 to 38.3% in Q2 2025 due to an increase in franchise revenue and structural changes [6][11] Store Expansion and Pipeline - In Q2 2025, the company opened 118 new hotels and closed 21, resulting in a net increase of 97 hotels, bringing the total to 1,824, a 29% year-on-year growth [11] - The company has a pipeline of 816 stores, with a goal of reaching 2,000 stores by the end of the year [11] Retail Performance - The retail business achieved a GMV of 1.144 billion yuan in Q2 2025, a significant increase of 84.6%, with revenue of 965 million yuan, up 79.8% [3][12] - The company has revised its full-year retail revenue guidance from 50% to 60%, reflecting strong performance during promotional periods [3][12] Financial Projections - The adjusted net profit forecasts for 2025-2027 are 1.68 billion yuan, 2.09 billion yuan, and 2.54 billion yuan, respectively, with corresponding PE ratios of 22, 18, and 15 [3][12][14] - The company maintains a dividend payout ratio of no less than 50% and has a share buyback limit of 400 million USD, enhancing its attractiveness as an investment [3][12]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Outperform the Market" [5][16][17] Core Insights - The company achieved a 43% year-on-year increase in net profit attributable to shareholders for the first half of 2025, with total revenue reaching 148.7 billion yuan, reflecting a 39.3% growth [1][8] - The company continues to expand its store network, with a total of 53,014 stores by mid-2025, including 52,996 franchise stores and 18 directly operated stores [1][10] - The company's focus on improving operational quality in Southeast Asia, while continuing to penetrate domestic markets, is evident in the net addition of 6,534 franchise stores during the first half of 2025 [2][10] Financial Performance - For the first half of 2025, the company reported a gross profit margin of 31.6%, with a net profit margin of 18.1%, indicating effective cost control and a reduction in the tax rate [3][12] - The company has adjusted its net profit forecasts for 2025-2027 to 60.3 billion, 74.5 billion, and 92.2 billion yuan respectively, reflecting an upward adjustment of 9%, 12%, and 18% [3][16] - The projected earnings per share (EPS) for 2025 is 15.88 yuan, with a price-to-earnings (PE) ratio of 26.5 [4][18] Store Expansion and Market Strategy - The company added 7,721 franchise stores and closed 1,187, resulting in a net increase of 6,534 franchise stores in the first half of 2025 [1][10] - The geographical distribution of stores shows a strong focus on mainland China, with 48,281 stores, while international markets are being explored, including Central Asia and the Americas [2][10] - The company is experiencing significant growth in its sub-brand, with over 7,800 stores for the brand "Lucky Coffee" as of August 22, 2025, and a strong product launch pipeline [3][16]

Group 1: Automotive Industry Insights - The automotive industry is experiencing a significant shift towards intelligent driving technologies, with companies like HUAWEI and Horizon leading the way in advanced driver assistance systems [13][14]. - The penetration rate of L2 and above autonomous driving features in passenger vehicles reached 29.7% as of June 2025, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 13 percentage points [14]. - Investment recommendations include companies such as Xpeng Motors, Leap Motor, and Geely for complete vehicles, and suppliers like Suoteng Technology and Hesai Technology for components [15]. Group 2: Pharmaceutical Sector Developments - The pharmaceutical sector showed weaker performance compared to the overall market, with the biopharmaceutical segment rising only 1.05% [16]. - The World Lung Cancer Conference (WCLC) in September 2025 will showcase innovative research from Chinese pharmaceutical companies, highlighting the growing competitiveness of domestic products [16][17]. - Investment focus is recommended on companies presenting at major conferences like ESMO and WCLC, particularly those with promising clinical data [17]. Group 3: Mining and Metals Performance - Luoyang Molybdenum's net profit for H1 2025 increased by 60% to CNY 8.67 billion, driven by rising copper and cobalt prices alongside increased production [18][19]. - Zijin Mining reported a 54.41% year-on-year increase in net profit for H1 2025, attributed to a significant rise in gold production and prices [22][23]. - Cloud Aluminum's net profit for H1 2025 grew by 10%, with a strong performance in aluminum production and a proposed cash dividend of CNY 3.2 per share [20][21]. Group 4: Real Estate and Property Management - Poly Property's revenue for H1 2025 reached CNY 8.4 billion, with a net profit increase of 5%, indicating steady growth in property management services [31][32]. - Greentown China reported a significant decline in net profit by 89.7% for H1 2025, primarily due to uneven revenue recognition and asset impairment provisions [33][34]. - The company maintained a strong sales performance, with total sales area down only 10% compared to the industry average, reflecting resilience in a challenging market [34].

证券研究报告 | 2025年08月28日 越秀地产（00123.HK） 优于大市 业绩承压，销售逆势增长 归母净利润-25%。2025 上半年公司实现营业收入 476 亿元，同比增长 34.6%； 归母净利润 14 亿元，同比下降 25.2%；核心净利润 15 亿元，同比下降 12.7%。 公司增收不增利的是由于结算毛利率约为 10.6%，同比下降 3.1pct。 销售逆势取得正增长。2025 上半年公司实现销售面积 146 万平方米，同比下 降 22%；实现销售金额 615 亿元，同比增长 11%，完成全年销售目标的 51%， 其中一线城市销售占比贡献 80.5%。上半年公司新增 13 幅土地，总建筑面积 约 148 万平方米，其中 68%位于一线城市。截至 2025 上半年末，公司总土储 2403 万平方米，其中大湾区占比 39%，一二线占比 94%，土储结构保持优质。 财务稳健，债务结构合理。公司财务水平始终保持"绿档"，截至 2025 上 半年末，公司剔除预收账款后的资产负债率为 64.6%，净负债率为 53.2%， 现金短债比为 1.7。公司融资成本继续下降，上半年平均借贷成本为 3.16%， 同比 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform the Market" rating for the company [4][6][27]. Core Views - The company benefits from the upward trend in the potassium fertilizer industry, with both volume and price expected to rise in the first half of 2025, leading to a projected 217% year-on-year increase in net profit attributable to shareholders [1][8]. - The company is actively expanding its potassium fertilizer production capacity, aiming to expedite the commissioning of new projects [3][26]. Financial Performance Summary - In the first half of 2025, the company achieved revenue of 2.52 billion yuan (up 48.5% year-on-year) and a net profit of 850 million yuan (up 216.6% year-on-year) [1][8]. - The production of potassium chloride reached 1.0141 million tons (up 20.0% year-on-year), with sales of 1.0454 million tons (up 21.4% year-on-year) [1][8]. - The average ex-tax price for potassium chloride was 2,353 yuan/ton (up 22.1% year-on-year), with a production cost of approximately 1,025 yuan/ton (up 2.1% year-on-year) [1][8]. - The gross margin was 57.5% (up 8.4 percentage points year-on-year), and the net margin was 33.8% (up 18.8 percentage points year-on-year) [1][8]. Quarterly Performance Summary - In Q2 2025, the company reported a net profit of 470 million yuan (up 149.2% year-on-year, up 22.4% quarter-on-quarter) [2][18]. - Revenue for Q2 2025 was 1.31 billion yuan (up 23.0% year-on-year, up 8.0% quarter-on-quarter) [2][18]. - The average ex-tax price for potassium chloride in Q2 was 2,451 yuan/ton (up 32.0% year-on-year, up 8.6% quarter-on-quarter) [2][18]. Production Capacity Expansion - The company holds potassium salt mining rights over 263.3 square kilometers in Laos, with a total reserve of approximately 1 billion tons of pure potassium chloride resources [3][26]. - The company is accelerating the construction of its second and third 1 million tons/year potassium fertilizer projects, which are in the later stages of mining construction [3][26].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Outperform the Market" [5][38]. Core Views - The company's net profit attributable to shareholders for the first half of 2025 is projected to be 2.051 billion yuan, representing a year-on-year increase of 146.97% [10]. - The significant growth in performance is primarily driven by the strong performance of the refrigerant business, with the average price of refrigerant products increasing by 61.88% year-on-year to 39,400 yuan per ton [10][11]. - The company benefits from a global leading production quota advantage under the third-generation refrigerant quota system, allowing it to fully enjoy the industry's upward trend [10][24]. Summary by Sections Financial Performance - In the first half of 2025, the company achieved operating revenue of 13.331 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.36%, and a net profit of 2.051 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 146.97% [10]. - The second quarter of 2025 saw revenue of 7.531 billion yuan, up 13.93% year-on-year and 29.84% quarter-on-quarter, with a net profit of 1.242 billion yuan, up 137.07% year-on-year and 53.56% quarter-on-quarter [10]. Refrigerant Business - The refrigerant segment's revenue increased by 55.09% year-on-year, driven by a significant rise in product prices [10][11]. - The company sold 154,600 tons of refrigerants in the first half of 2025, a decrease of 4.19% year-on-year, but the sales price per ton increased significantly [11]. Market Dynamics - The refrigerant market is characterized by a supply-side structural reform, transitioning from excess competition to supply constraints, with China holding over 80% of the global quota for third-generation refrigerants [24]. - The demand for refrigerants is driven by their necessity in air conditioning and heat pump applications, with a low cost share in downstream industries and high price elasticity [24]. Liquid Cooling Business - The demand for liquid cooling solutions is rapidly growing due to advancements in AI technology and increased server power density, leading to a shift from traditional air cooling methods [37]. - The company has proactively developed fluorinated liquid products and has initiated a project to produce a cooling liquid with a capacity of 5,000 tons per year [37]. Non-Refrigerant Business - The non-refrigerant business faces intense competition, with the average price of fluoropolymers showing a slight recovery [31]. - The company sold 22,900 tons of fluoropolymers in the first half of 2025, with a second-quarter sales price of 38,446 yuan per ton, reflecting a year-on-year increase [31].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core View - The report presents key economic indicators including a 1.60% year - on - year cumulative growth in fixed asset investment, 3.70% year - on - year growth in the total retail sales of consumer goods for the current month, 7.20% year - on - year growth in exports for the current month, and an 8.80% growth in M2 [4]. 3. Summary by Related Categories Government Bond Net Financing - Government bond net financing was 5614 billion yuan in the 34th week (8/18 - 8/24) and 64 billion yuan in the 35th week (8/25 - 8/31). As of the 34th week, the cumulative net financing reached 10.3 trillion yuan, 4.8 trillion yuan more than the same period last year [1][5]. Treasury Bond - Treasury bond net financing was 3526 billion yuan in the 34th week and - 2371 billion yuan in the 35th week. The annual net financing is 6.66 trillion yuan. As of the 34th week, the cumulative net financing was 4.9 trillion yuan, with a progress of 73.7%, exceeding the average of the past five years [6]. Local Bond - Local bond net financing was 2088 billion yuan in the 34th week and 2435 billion yuan in the 35th week. As of the 34th week, the cumulative net financing was 5.5 trillion yuan, 3 trillion yuan more than the same period last year [8]. New General Bond - New general bond issuance was 95 billion yuan in the 34th week and 353 billion yuan in the 35th week. The 2025 local deficit is 8000 billion yuan. As of the 34th week, the cumulative issuance was 5855 billion yuan, with a progress of 73.2%, exceeding the same period last year [8]. New Special Bond - New special bond issuance was 2393 billion yuan in the 34th week and 1880 billion yuan in the 35th week. The 2025 new special bond quota is 4.4 trillion yuan. As of the 34th week, the cumulative issuance was 3.1 trillion yuan, with a progress of 69.9%, exceeding the same period last year [12]. Special New Special Bond - Special new special bonds worth 9680 billion yuan have been issued, with 2129 billion yuan issued since August, accounting for 44% of new special bonds. Besides 800 billion yuan for debt resolution, the remaining over 100 billion yuan will be used for "arrears clearance" [12]. Land Reserve Special Bond - Land reserve special bonds worth 3031 billion yuan have been issued. As of August 24, projects in 27 provinces and municipalities covered 4949 parcels of land, with a total capital scale of 5476 billion yuan [12]. Special Refinancing Bond - Special refinancing bond issuance was 245 billion yuan in the 34th week and 291 billion yuan in the 35th week. As of the 34th week, the cumulative issuance was 1.9 trillion yuan, with a progress of 95% [22]. Urban Investment Bond - Urban investment bond net financing was - 6 billion yuan in the 34th week and is expected to be - 402 billion yuan in the 35th week. As of this week, the balance of urban investment bonds is 10.2 trillion yuan [2][27].

Industry Overview - The real estate industry is experiencing a marginal policy relaxation in Beijing and Shanghai, with the fundamentals continuing to bottom out. As of July 2025, the national commodity housing sales amounted to 49,566 billion yuan, down 6.5% year-on-year, with the decline rate widening by 1.0 percentage points compared to the first half of the year. The sales area decreased by 4.0% year-on-year, with a decline rate increase of 0.5 percentage points [1][11]. Market Performance - The real estate sector outperformed the CSI 300 index by 0.3 percentage points this month. Since the last strategy report, the real estate sector has risen by 11.3%, ranking 16th among 31 industries. The dynamic PE for the sector in 2025 is projected to be 19.8 times, excluding loss-making companies [3][40]. Price Trends - The average selling price of new commodity housing in July 2025 was 9,613 yuan per square meter, down 2.6% year-on-year, with the decline rate widening by 0.5 percentage points compared to the first half of the year. In 70 cities, the new residential sales prices decreased by 3.4% year-on-year, but the decline rate has narrowed for nine consecutive months since November 2024 [2][15]. Policy Changes - On August 8, 2025, Beijing relaxed its purchase restrictions, allowing eligible families outside the Fifth Ring Road to buy without limits, and recognizing single adults as families. Similarly, on August 25, Shanghai implemented comparable measures, including adjustments to commercial loan rates, eliminating the interest rate floor for first-time homebuyers [3][39]. Investment Strategy - The current market conditions have not shown significant recovery, and the real estate fundamentals remain weak. However, with the recent marginal policy relaxations in Beijing and Shanghai, there is potential for further demand-side easing. The report suggests focusing on investment opportunities within the real estate sector, recommending companies such as China Jinmao, China Resources Land, China Merchants Shekou, Binjiang Group, and Greentown China [3][44].