德国国债和英国国债牛平，跑赢美国国债，在欧盟制定针对美国的对等关税计划之后，出现避险买盘。 货币市场对欧洲央行6月降息的押注持稳，预计会降息23个基点，但对进一步放松的押注上升多达2个基 点，互换交易显示，预计今年进一步降息64个基点。预计美联储周三晚些时候将把利率维持在4.25%至 4.5%区间。交易员和经济学家一致预计英国央行周四将把利率下调25个基点，至4.25%，互换交易显示 预计6月降息38个基点，到年底降息96个基点。 ...

·概 要 · 5月7日国新办召开新闻发布会，央行行长宣布三大类一共10项金融支持政策，货币宽松明显 发力支持"稳增长、稳预期"，接下来如果经济压力进一步增加，降息降准等仍有空间。 降准降息落地，在关键时点释放出"适度宽松"来"稳增长、稳市场"的明确信号，体现了央行前 瞻部署、主动作为。一揽子三大类10项货币政策组合，体现了货币政策总量与结构协同发 力，对实体和资本市场的全面支持。在外部关税冲击、内需还待提振的背景下，央行宽松周期 预计将延续，接下来如果经济压力进一步增加，降息降准等仍有空间。 财政或继续加快债券发行节奏，尤其是增加对消费领域支持力度，如有必要，下半年或继续增 加全年财政额度；房地产政策也有望进一步放松。另外，出口方面的针对性支持政策也在加 码。 短期来看，关税摩擦对市场预期的影响相比于前期可能已在减弱，预期冲击最大的时候可能已 经过去。不过从对经济的影响来看，实际冲击可能从4月数据开始逐步显现，再加上当前内需 还要进一步巩固的背景下，更需关注接下来国内经济基本面变化：一是4月出口可能还有前期 抢出口的支撑，但5、6月份数据可能会明显体现关税的冲击；二是地产的止跌企稳可能还需 要更多政策支持，三 ...

每周一景： 云南玉龙雪山 点击右上角菜单，收听朗读版 【 宏观】货币宽松"再发力"——5月7日央行一揽子货币政策点评 降准降息落地，在关键时点释放出"适度宽松"来"稳增长、稳市场"的明确信号，体现了央行前瞻部署、主 动作为。 一揽子三大类 10 项货币政策组合，体现了货币政策总量与结构协同发力，对实体和资本市场的 全面支持。在外部关税冲击、内需还待提振的背景下，央行宽松周期预计将延续，接下来如果经济压力进 一步增加，降息降准等仍有空间。 财政或继续加快债券发行节奏，尤其是增加对消费领域支持力度，如有必要，下半年或继续增加全年财政 额度；房地产政策也有望进一步放松。另外 ，出口方面的针对性支持政策也在加码。 短期来看，关税摩擦对市场预期的影响相比于前期可能已在减弱，预期冲击最大的时候可能已经过去。 不 过从对经济的影响来看，实际冲击可能从 4 月数据开始逐步显现，再加上当前内需还要进一步巩固的背景 下，更需关注接下来国内经济基本面变化：一是 4 月出口可能还有前期抢出口的支撑，但 5 、 6 月份数 据可能会明显体现关税的冲击；二是地产的止跌企稳可能还需要更多政策支持，三是居民部门资产负债表 压力或未明显缓解。 ...

2025 年 05 月 07 日 策略类●证券研究报告 政策强化股市震荡偏强的趋势 事件点评 投资要点 事件：2025 年 5 月 7 日，国新办举行新闻发布会，请中国人民银行、国家金融监 督管理总局、中国证券监督管理委员会负责人介绍"一揽子金融政策支持稳市场稳 预期"有关情况。 发布会侧重落实政治局会议的政策方向，货币宽松和支持科技创新是重点。（1） 央行出台的 10 项政策措施主要集中在货币宽松、稳定楼市和消费、支持科技创新、 稳定股市：一是降准 0.5 个百分点释放长期流动性约 1 万亿、下调 7 天逆回购利率 0.1 个百分点、下调结构性货币政策工具利率 0.25 个百分点，这些均是为了给市场 增加长期流动性、降低融资成本；二是降低个人住房公积金贷款利率 0.25 个百分 点，目的是刺激居民购房需求、稳定楼市；三是设立 5000 亿服务消费与养老再贷 款，目的是进一步提振消费；四是将科技创新和技术改造再贷款额度由 5000 亿增 加到 8000 亿，同时创设科技创新债券风险分担工具，支持科技创新的政策导向明 确。五是将互换便利 5000 亿元和股票回购增持再贷款 3000 亿元额度合并使用， 总额度 ...

美国国债在美联储利率决议前下跌，因面对显示经济韧性的数据，投资者押注货币宽松步伐将放缓。 对投资者来说，问题是如何权衡近期一些调查中看到的经济悲观情绪与就业等顶级指标所显示的韧性。虽然4月份美国消费者信心跌至近五年低点，但非农 就业人数超过了彭博社编制的所有预测。 未平仓合约数据显示，在周五就业数据公布后，曲线前端出现去杠杆化和头寸平仓，与多头头寸的清算一致。周二的摩根大通美债客户调查显示，中性头寸 仍处于高位，接近年度高点。"在我看来，目前要对美债做出特别高确信度的判断仍然很难，"Pepperstone策略师迈克尔.布朗表示。"就关税对宏观的影响而 言，债券市场参与者最终会站在哪一边仍有待观察，增长下行和通胀上行风险几乎同样普遍。" 预计美联储周三将维持基准利率在4.25%-4.50%不变，交易员将密切关注美联储主席杰罗姆.鲍威尔的言论，以了解官员们对近期数据的解读，以及总统唐纳 德.特朗普的经济政策是否促使他们对何时放松政策的看法发生任何变化。 这是因为对进口商品征收关税削弱了消费者信心，同时也可能加剧价格压力。"这次会议对预期的影响可能比往常更大，因为这是互征关税声明后的首次利 率决议，"德国商业银行利 ...

来源：同花顺iFinD 5月7日，A股三大指数集体上涨，截至午间收盘，沪指上涨0.64%，报3337.23点；深成指上涨0.19%， 报10101.18点；创业板指上涨0.40%，报1994.38点；北证50指数上涨0.67%，报1383.05点。 全市场上涨个股有3481家，下跌个股有1712家，99只股涨停。两市半日合计成交9658亿。板块题材上， 军工、脑机接口、大飞机、房地产、纺织制造、化学化工板块涨幅居前；影视院线、游戏、AI应用、 半导体板块跌幅居前。 | 大盘 | 板块 | 个股 | 看盘广场 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 图午间休盘 | | | -242.01亿 大盘资金净流入 | | 13:00 继续开盘 | | | | | 上证指数 | 深证成指 | | 创业板指 | | 3337.23 | 10101.18 | | 1994.38 | | +21.12 +0.64% | +18.84 +0.19% | | +7.97 +0.40% | | 跌 1712 | | | 涨3481 > | | 今日实时成交额9890亿 | | | 较上一日此时 +1226亿 | ...

随着有关美国在贸易谈判方面取得进展的报道越来越多，导致避险需求受到抑制，黄金价格连续第三天下跌。周四亚盘，现货黄金一度大跌逾50美元，最低 触及3235.88美元/盎司，跌幅超过1.5%。受黄金拖累，白银也一度跌超1%。 周三，美国财长贝森特表示，法国财长提出的相关实行零关税的想法并非不切实际。特朗普还称，加拿大总理卡尼已向其致电，希望达成一项协议，双方将 于近期会面。 即使在数据显示由于关税实施前进口量大幅激增，美国经济在今年年初出现了自2022年以来的首次收缩之后，黄金仍从上周创下的历史高点进一步回落。 美国经济负增长促使交易员加大了对美联储货币宽松政策的押注，目前市场预计该央行今年将进行四次25个基点的降息，以避免经济衰退。通常情况下，较 低的利率对黄金有利，因为黄金本身不产生利息。 今年以来，黄金价格已上涨约25%，这主要是由于美国总统特朗普迅速变化的贸易政策扰乱了市场，并引发了对全球经济放缓的担忧，投资者纷纷将黄金作 为避险资产。此外，流入黄金支持的交易型开放式指数基金（ETF）的资金、各国央行的购买行为，以及来自中国的强劲需求，也支撑了金价的上涨，但这 个全球最大黄金消费国的实物消费量已经有所下降 ...

一、靴子落地，一些增量政策将在6月底前推出。定心丸就是大家想的政策都已经准备好了，大家还没想到的政策，其实早就被安排得明明白白了，就等合 适的时机呢。为啥现在还没动？关键还得看美联储降息的节奏，5月7日的议息会议是关键。 说白了，现在中美之间的息差太大了，美联储要是不降息，我们也得硬撑着，不然资金外流就更厉害了。这就是中美博弈嘛！现阶段，美联储最快5月份降 息，那央妈大概率会在5月中旬左右出手，货币宽松估计那时候才会落地。咱们这边用"择机"和"适时"降准降息，这就不意外了。 二、短期来说，银行股在业绩不及预期的背景下，确实存在着调整的压力。 但从长远来看，大家投资银行股主要还是看股息率。要是市场整体避险情绪高，股息率能让大家满意，银行股还是有机会往上走的。 银行股一跌，市场风格就容易变。银行股和成长股就像跷跷板，银行股大跌的时候，成长股就容易表现强势。今天就是个例子，银行股大跌，创业板指数和 中证2000这些成长股代表，开盘就快速上涨，这对比可太明显了。 两升四降，业绩分化比较大的。银行过去这几年，从5%左右的增长，到现在不怎么增长甚至业绩下降！这是投资红利一个有瑕疵的地方，没有啥行业业绩 一直增长的。 当然 ...

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No investment rating information is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - Standing at the end of April and looking forward to May, investors' preference for long - term and ultra - long - term bonds has increased, while their attention to credit products has decreased month - on - month, but there may be a characteristic of "being bullish but not taking action" [1][10]. - According to the bond market survey questionnaire results released at the end of April, six mainstream expectations of investors for the May bond market are summarized: preference for long - term and ultra - long - term bonds has increased significantly; Trump's tariff policy may promote the early implementation of reserve requirement ratio (RRR) and interest rate cut policies, and the positive impact on the bond market can continue; the current expectation of monetary easing is still strong, with most investors expecting an RRR cut in May - June and an interest rate cut more likely in the third quarter; most investors believe that the bond market will strengthen overall in May, and the probability of a bull - flattening curve is high; most investors' judgments on the operating ranges of 10 - year and 30 - year Treasury bond yields are narrow, and the market is expected to be mainly volatile; in terms of operations, most investors are neutral in practice and prefer to keep their positions basically stable, possibly showing "being bullish but not taking action" [1][10]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Survey Background - A bond market questionnaire "What to expect from the May bond market?" was released on April 25, 2025, targeting the main concerns of the May 2025 bond market. As of 24:00 on April 27, a total of 331 valid questionnaires were received, covering various institutional investors such as bank self - operation, securities firm self - operation, public funds/special accounts, and individual investors [8]. 3.2 Expectations for Treasury Bond Yields - **10 - year Treasury Bond Yields**: 48% of investors think the lower limit of the 10 - year Treasury bond rate is below 1.60%, and 45% think it is between 1.60% - 1.70% (inclusive). 76% of investors believe the upper limit of the 10 - year Treasury bond rate may be within 1.80%, and 11% think it may be between 1.80% - 1.85% (inclusive). Most investors expect the bond market in May to trade around the tariff policy, and the 10 - year Treasury bond rate is unlikely to return to the previous high in April [11]. - **30 - year Treasury Bond Yields**: 41% of investors think the lower limit of the 30 - year Treasury bond operating range in May will be less than 1.8%, and 43% think it is between 1.80% - 1.85% (inclusive). 53% of investors believe the upper limit of the 30 - year Treasury bond operating range in May is between 1.90% - 2.00% (inclusive), and 31% think it is within 1.90%. The overall bond market in May may be volatile and slightly stronger [14]. 3.3 Expectations for the Second - Quarter Economic Trend - 62% of investors think the economic trend in the second quarter will be "both year - on - year and month - on - month weakening", a significant increase compared with the April questionnaire results. 22% of investors think it will show the characteristic of "year - on - year recovery but month - on - month weaker than the seasonal level". 10% of investors think it will be "year - on - year recovery and month - on - month in line with the seasonal level", and 5% think it will be "year - on - year recovery and month - on - month exceeding the seasonal level", a significant decrease compared with the April questionnaire results. The deviation between the economic fundamental expectation and the reality needs a certain verification period [19]. 3.4 Expectations for RRR and Interest Rate Cuts - **RRR Cut**: 66% of investors think an RRR cut will occur in May - June, and 17% think it will be in the third quarter. Investors have a high expectation for an RRR cut and expect it to happen earlier [21]. - **Interest Rate Cut**: 49% of investors think an interest rate cut will occur in the third quarter, 31% think it will be in May - June. 12% of investors think there will be no interest rate cut in 2025. Investors' expectation for an interest rate cut has further strengthened, and the proportion of those who think there will be no interest rate cut in 2025 has decreased significantly [21]. 3.5 Impact of Trump's Tariff Policy on the Bond Market - 46% of investors think it may promote the early implementation of RRR and interest rate cut policies, and the positive impact on the bond market can continue. 27% think the subsequent focus will be on the expectation of tariff policy cooling, and the positive impact on the bond market has ended. 15% think it may trigger non - US countries to impose tariffs on China, and the positive impact on the bond market can continue. 12% think it may strengthen the policy - makers' determination to stabilize the capital market, and the positive impact on the bond market has ended. Overall, investors generally think the subsequent impact of Trump's tariff policy on the bond market is still positive [23]. 3.6 Expectations for the May Bond Market行情 - 27% of investors think the interest rate curve will strengthen overall and show a bull - flattening trend in May. 26% think it will strengthen overall and show a bull - steepening trend. 16% think it is difficult to judge the trend of the interest rate curve in May. 10% think the short - end of the interest rate curve will be strong and the long - end will be weak, and 10% think the short - end will be weak and the long - end will be strong. Overall, more investors are optimistic about the May bond market, but there is some divergence between the expectations of a bull - flattening and a bull - steepening curve [25]. 3.7 Bond Market Operation Suggestions - 49% of investors think they should keep their positions basically stable. 23% think they should hold cash and wait, and then add positions after the market回调 to the expected level. 13% think they can start adding positions. 11% think they should take appropriate profits and reduce positions. 4% think they should reduce the duration to control risks. Most investors are neutral in practice, and keeping positions stable is the mainstream view [29]. 3.8 Preferred Bond Varieties in May - 18% and 17% of investors think the opportunities for long - term and ultra - long - term interest - rate bonds are relatively certain. 15%, 10%, and 10% of investors are more optimistic about medium - short - term interest - rate bonds, inter - bank certificates of deposit, and local government bonds respectively. About 9% of investors prefer medium - low - grade urban investment bonds. Investors have a higher preference for interest - rate products such as interest - rate bonds, certificates of deposit, and government bonds, and their preference for credit products has decreased month - on - month. The preferred varieties have shifted from the short - end to the long - end and ultra - long - end [32]. 3.9 Main Logic of Bond Market Pricing in May - 31% of investors think the central bank's monetary policy attitude and the trend of the capital market are still the main pricing logics for the May bond market. 16% and 15% of investors think fiscal stimulus, government bond issuance, and fundamental data such as real estate and PMI are the main pricing logics. 13% of investors think the implementation of the US tariff policy is the main pricing logic. The central bank's monetary policy attitude and the trend of the capital market are still the most concerned factors for investors [34].

关注增量对冲政策，债市或维持震荡 2025 年 4 月 28 日 固定收益 点评报告 | | | | 分析师 | 林瑾璐 电话：021-25102905 邮箱：linjl@dxzq.net.cn | 执业证书编号：S1480519070002 | | --- | --- | --- | | 分析师 | 田馨宇 电话：010-66554013 邮箱：tianxy@dxzq.net.cn | 执业证书编号：S1480521070003 | 投资摘要： 事件：中共中央政治局 4 月 25 日召开会议，分析研究当前经济形势和经济工作。 点评： 存量政策落实注重优化经济结构，更多增量对冲政策可期。会议指出"我国经济持续回升向好的基础还需要进一步稳固，外部 冲击影响加大"，对经济形势判断进一步明确。结合"不断完善稳就业稳经济的政策工具箱，既定政策早出台早见效，根据形 势变化及时推出增量储备政策，加强超常规逆周期调节，全力巩固经济发展和社会稳定的基本面"的表述看，在前期存量政 策基础上，更多增量对冲政策将在中美关税谈判落地前后出台。当前存量政策注重加快落实，调优结构。生产端注重优化新 质生产力和帮扶困难企业，"培育壮大新质 ...