2025 年 5 月 12 日 行业研究 高库存压力凸显，煤价进一步下跌 ——煤炭开采行业周报（2025.5.5~2025.5.12） 要点 高库存压力凸显，煤价进一步下跌。（1）截至 5 月 9 日，环渤海港口煤炭库 存 3305.1 万吨，环比+6.50%，同比+42.15%，处于同期最高水平；（2）在高 库存的背景下，本周港口煤价在前段时间横盘后出现了松动下滑的迹象，本周 （5.5-5.9）秦皇岛港口动力煤平仓价（5500 大卡周度平均值）为 638 元/吨， 环比-14 元/吨 （-2.18%），港口跌幅大于坑口跌幅，显示出目前下游压力大于 上游，短期需求趋弱导致煤价承压。 本周港口煤价有加速下跌迹象。（1）本周（5.5-5.9）秦皇岛港口动力煤平仓 价（5500 大卡周度平均值）为 638 元/吨，环比-14 元/吨 （-2.18%）；（2）陕 西榆林动力混煤坑口价格（5800 大卡）周度平均值为 510 元/吨，环比-6 元/吨 （-1.21%）；（3）澳大利亚纽卡斯尔港动力煤 FOB 价格（5500 大卡周度平均 值）为 70 美元/吨，环比-0.64%；（4）欧洲天然气期货结算价（DUTCH ...

【现货】据Mysteel，截至5月8日，无锡宏旺304冷轧价格13050元/吨，日环比持平；佛山宏旺304冷轧价 格13100元/吨，日环比持平；基差515元/吨，日环比上涨5元/吨。 【原料】菲律宾部分矿山6月资源已售，在1.4%FOB43成交；印尼5月一期镍矿内贸升水去至+26- 27，二期内贸基价预计上涨，雨季影响下镍矿供应仍偏紧。印尼政府新的税收政策落地，镍产品特许权 使用费增加了对镍金属的1.5%的税费。镍铁价格松动，铁价格承压下跌，最新主流钢厂在940元/镍（到 厂含税），铁厂暂停报价。 【供应】据Mysteel统计，5月国内43家不锈钢厂粗钢预计排产348.99万吨，月环比减少0.4%，同比增加 5.8%；其中300系177.6万吨，环比减少2.6%，同比增加7.5%。4月不锈钢粗钢产量350.25万吨，300系产 量182.43万吨。 【逻辑】昨日不锈钢盘面维持窄幅波动，现货价格基本持稳，现货采买意愿不强，商家在市场需求偏淡 以及库存压力之下价格调整幅度不大。宏观方面，近期关税问题淡化，市场对美国与各方谈判保持观 望，政策仍有不确定性因素，但情绪基本已经修复。近期矿端价格相对坚挺，铬矿现货源紧 ...

红枣属于季产年销品种，需求跟随价格变动弹性较大。2024/2025年度红枣大幅丰产，供应充足，为红 枣价格的持续下行奠定基础。 新季红枣上市初始，枣农挺价惜售，但受限于下游承接力较弱，销量及利润不佳，买卖双方互相博弈。 叠加红枣下树时间较晚，销售期缩短使得枣农挺价心态被削弱，开秤价高开低走，期货价格也随之不断 下行。 直到春节旺季，红枣消费增加，使得价格出现反弹。然而，今年的旺季较去年缩短20天，因此对价格的 提振幅度有限。春节后红枣消费逐步进入淡季，且随着天气转暖，红枣进入冷库的时间逼近，一般货价 格开始松动，期货价格继续震荡寻底。4月，中美贸易摩擦升级，但我国红枣出口极少，价格走势主要 取决于自身供需面，因此受宏观扰动影响小。当前，红枣市场供应压力持续加大，销区消费较弱，且随 着温度升高，时令鲜果供应不断增加，进一步抑制红枣需求。供强需弱下，期货价格继续探底。 从供给端来看，2024/2025年度新疆灰枣产量达70万吨，与去年相比增加37万吨。观察历年数据可知， 当灰枣产量处于60万～65万吨时已属于丰产季，而2024/2025年度高达70万吨的产量无疑进一步加剧市 场的供应压力。 此外，天气因素对新季红 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints - The steel market currently has strong real - world fundamentals and rising macro - optimistic expectations, which support the lower limit of finished products. However, the weak demand expectation and the tendency of new orders to decline limit the upward space of the futures market. Without unexpected positive news, the futures market may fluctuate in the near term [3]. - The iron ore market is trading on the expectation of future demand rather than the current situation of strong supply and demand. There is an expectation of a significant decline in demand in mid - to late May, and the weakening of exports may intensify industrial chain contradictions [17]. - The coal - coke market is in a short - term situation of strong supply and demand. In the long - term, due to coal supply guarantee and crude steel reduction expectations, coking coal may face long - term price decline, and the upward resistance of coke futures is relatively large [34]. - The ferroalloy market still has a high - inventory pattern. Although the pressure of high supply of silicon manganese has been alleviated, supply still exceeds demand compared with weak downstream demand. The production of silicon iron has increased slightly this week, and the large increase in warehouse receipts suppresses the rise of the futures price [54]. - The soda ash market is expected to have more maintenance in May, increasing supply disturbances. The market is in a long - term oversupply expectation, and although the current inventory accumulation is less than expected, the supply disturbances may increase market fluctuations [70]. - The glass market is facing over - supply pressure. The futures price may continue to decline to force new cold repairs. The key variables are the delay of ignition and new cold repairs, as well as the improvement of demand [96]. Summary by Related Catalogs Steel Price Data - On May 7, 2025, the closing prices of rebar 01, 05, and 10 contracts were 3126, 3048, and 3098 respectively, and those of hot - rolled coil 01, 05, and 10 contracts were 3239, 3200, and 3217 respectively [4]. - The spot prices of rebar in different regions such as Shanghai, Beijing, and Hangzhou were between 3180 - 3344 yuan/ton on May 7, 2025 [9]. Market Analysis - From a macro - industrial perspective, Sino - US trade negotiations seem to have new progress, and the macro - optimistic expectation has risen. The real - world fundamentals are strong, but the future demand expectation is weak, and the market may face pressure from weakening demand and falling raw material costs [3]. Iron Ore Price Data - On May 7, 2025, the closing prices of 01, 05, and 09 contracts were 681, 768, and 708 respectively. The prices of different types of iron ore in Rizhao, such as PB powder, were also provided [18]. Market Analysis - The current supply and demand of iron ore are both strong, but the market is trading on future expectations. There is an expectation of a significant decline in demand in mid - to late May, and the negative feedback pressure on steel mills to reduce production is increasing [17]. Coal - Coke Price Data - On May 7, 2025, the coking coal and coke warehouse receipt costs and basis in different regions and contracts were provided, as well as the coking profit on the futures market [35]. Market Analysis - In the short - term, the supply and demand of coal - coke are both strong. In the long - term, coking coal may face long - term price decline, and the upward resistance of coke futures is relatively large [34]. Ferroalloy Price Data - On May 7, 2025, the silicon iron and silicon manganese basis, futures spreads, and spot prices in different regions were provided, as well as the prices of related raw materials and the number of warehouse receipts [55][56]. Market Analysis - The ferroalloy market still has a high - inventory pattern. The supply of silicon manganese still exceeds demand, and the increase in silicon iron production and warehouse receipts suppresses the futures price [54]. Soda Ash Price Data - On May 7, 2025, the soda ash futures prices, spreads, and spot prices in different regions were provided [71][72]. Market Analysis - In May, there are expected to be more maintenance activities, increasing supply disturbances. The market is in a long - term oversupply expectation, and although the current inventory accumulation is less than expected, the supply disturbances may increase market fluctuations [70]. Glass Price Data - On May 7, 2025, the glass futures prices, spreads, and basis in different regions were provided, as well as the daily sales data in different regions [98][99]. Market Analysis - The glass market is facing over - supply pressure. The futures price may continue to decline to force new cold repairs. The key variables are the delay of ignition and new cold repairs, as well as the improvement of demand [96].

截至4月30日，21家白酒上市企业的2024年年报悉数发布，各酒企的营收、净利、经营目标等数据成为 行业关注的焦点。业绩表现背后，财报中还藏着更大的秘密。南都湾财社-酒水新消费指数课题组记者 梳理发现，2024年多家白酒上市公司的经销商数量在减少，其中有酒企去年一年时间经销商数量骤减超 3000家。 而反映经销商打款意愿的合同负债一项，去年也有多家酒企合同负债下滑；随着高库存和价格倒挂等现 象持续，白酒经销商普遍承压。面对越来越多人的"逃离"，酒企要怎么做才能留住经销商？ 7家酒企去年经销商数量共减少超4000家 上海贵酒减少3627家 从整体来看，2024年20家白酒上市公司的经销商总数量出现微增，其中有13家酒企的经销商数量增加， 但经销商数量减少的酒企有7家，减少的总量超过4000家，这在以往属于较为罕见的情况。 课题组记者了解到，上海贵酒2024年末的经销商数量仅剩772家，相比2023年，经销商数量锐减3627 家，成为20家上市公司中经销商数量减少最多的企业。 对此，上海贵酒在财报中表示，2024年，受多方面因素影响，公司资金承压，市场投放减少。叠加公司 实际控制人被公安机关采取强制措施和控股股东 ...

文字早评 2025/05/06 星期二 宏观金融类 股指 前一交易日沪指-0.23%，创指+0.83%，科创 50+0.85%，北证 50+2.96%，上证 50-0.47%，沪深 300-0.12%， 中证 500+0.48%，中证 1000+0.79%，中证 2000+1.29%，万得微盘+1.41%。两市合计成交 11693 亿，较上 一日+1472 亿。 宏观消息面： 1、商务部：美方主动向中方传递信息希望谈起来，对此，中方正在评估。节日期间离岸人民币大涨。 2、据新华社，"五一"假期全国重点零售和餐饮企业销售额同比增长 6.3%。 3、美国 4 月非农就业人口增长 17.7 万人，大幅好于预期。 资金面：融资额-13.51 亿；隔夜 Shibor 利率+21.90bp 至 1.7600%，流动性较为宽松；3 年期企业债 AA- 级别利率-1.54bp 至 3.0966%，十年期国债利率+0.03bp 至 1.6279%，信用利差-1.57bp 至 147bp；美国 10 年期利率+8.00bp 至 4.33%，中美利差-7.97bp 至-270bp。 市盈率：沪深 300:12.21，中证 500: ...

可能导致房价继续下跌的因素 人口因素：中国人口已开始负增长，出生率持续下降，2023 年人口减少 208 万人，这是 70 多年来的首次 持续性下降。人口萎缩必然会影响住房需求，对于人口持续流出、老龄化严重的地区，如部分三四线城市 和资源枯竭型城市，购房需求相对不足，房价可能面临下行压力。 库存压力8：一些三四线城市存在较高的库存问题，山东临沂、河南洛阳等城市二手房挂牌量超 10 万套， 成交周期长达 23 个月，库存压力短期内难以缓解，可能导致这些地区房价继续下跌。 经济形势3：如果整体经济增长放缓，人们收入增长也随之放缓甚至出现下降，就业压力增大，购房需求 尤其是改善性和投资性需求会受到抑制，可能导致房价下跌。 可能促使房价止跌或上涨的因素 政策因素8：中央及地方政府出台了诸多稳楼市政策，包括降低首付比例、优化限购、收购存量房转保障 房、降息等。例如，北京试点 "租购同权"，上海、深圳等地取消普通住宅标准，契税大幅下调，直接降低 了购房成本。这些政策有助于刺激购房需求，推动房价止跌回稳。 土地市场2：土地资源的稀缺性，特别是在城市化进程不断推进的背景下，优质地段的土地资源愈发难 得。"地王" 的出现往往被 ...