Report Overview - Report Title: Steel Futures Weekly Report (August 04, 2025) [1] - Report Author: Cong Yanfei [2] - Report Publisher: Ningzheng Futures Investment Consulting Center [2] 1. Industry Investment Rating - No investment rating for the industry is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - This week, steel prices fluctuated and declined, with the average national rebar price dropping by 75 yuan/ton week-on-week. The macro positive expectations faded, and demand continued to decline seasonally. The market sentiment shifted from strong expectations to weak reality. However, raw materials still provided some bottom support, and the market sentiment was lukewarm. [2][4] - Next week, high temperatures, heavy rainfall, and typhoon weather will continue to suppress construction progress, and the actual terminal demand is expected to weaken further. However, the special bonds in July did not meet the plan, and infrastructure investment may have some support in August. [2][4] - The steel market fundamentals show a pattern of weak supply and demand. It is currently the off - season for consumption, inventory is starting to accumulate, and market sales pressure has increased. [9] - In the short term, steel prices are expected to fluctuate weakly. The steel fundamentals show some contradictions but still have cost support. [26] 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 This Week's Market Review - Steel prices fluctuated and declined this week, with the average national rebar price dropping by 75 yuan/ton week - on - week. The macro positive expectations faded, and demand continued to decline seasonally. The market sentiment shifted from strong expectations to weak reality. Raw materials provided some bottom support, and the market sentiment was lukewarm. [2][4] - Next week, adverse weather will suppress construction progress, and terminal demand is expected to weaken further. However, infrastructure investment may have some support in August due to the unfulfilled special bond plan in July. [2][4] 3.2 Macro and Industry News - The central government emphasizes continuous and timely efforts in macro - policies in the second half of the year, focusing on expanding domestic demand, boosting consumption, and promoting economic circulation. [6] - The 20th Fourth Plenary Session will be held in October to study the suggestions for formulating the 15th Five - Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development. [6] - China and the US held a new round of economic and trade talks, and both sides agreed to extend the suspension of some reciprocal tariffs and counter - measures for 90 days. [6] - From January to June 2025, the total profit of industrial enterprises above the national scale was 3436.5 billion yuan, a year - on - year decrease of 1.8%. The profit of the ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry increased 13.7 times year - on - year. [6] - In July 2025, China's manufacturing PMI was 49.3%, a seasonal decline of 0.4 percentage points month - on - month. The non - manufacturing and composite PMI output indices were 50.1% and 50.2% respectively, down 0.4 and 0.5 percentage points from the previous month. [7] - In June 2025, China's steel exports were 967800 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 8.5%, the first month - on - month decline since March. The export average price was 687.1 US dollars/ton, a slight month - on - month decrease of 1.6%. From January to June, the cumulative steel exports were 58.147 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 8.9%, and the export average price was 699.3 US dollars/ton, a year - on - year decrease of 10.2%. In June, China's steel imports were 47000 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 2.4%, and the import average price was 1712.5 US dollars/ton, a month - on - month decrease of 2.1%. From January to June, the cumulative steel imports were 3.023 million tons, a year - on - year decrease of 16.4%, and the import average price was 1686.4 US dollars/ton, a year - on - year increase of 2.2%. [7] 3.3 Fundamental Analysis - According to Mysteel's survey of 237 mainstream traders, the average daily trading volume of building materials from Monday to Friday this week was 94100 tons, lower than last week's 114700 tons. The fundamentals maintain a pattern of weak supply and demand. It is currently the consumption off - season, inventory is starting to accumulate, and market sales pressure has increased. [9] 3.4 Market Outlook and Investment Strategies - Supply: Steel mills' overall profits are acceptable, and their production willingness has not significantly decreased. It is expected that production will continue to increase. [26] - Demand: The demand contradiction in the off - season is gradually emerging, consumption has declined month - on - month, and consumption sustainability is weak. [26] - Cost: The fourth round of coke price increase has been implemented, and the fifth round has started. The game between coke and steel mills has intensified, and cost support still exists. [26] - Overall: The steel fundamentals show some contradictions but still have cost support. It is expected that steel prices will fluctuate weakly in the short term. [26] - Investment Strategies: For single - sided trading, focus on range operations; for inter - period arbitrage, adopt a wait - and - see approach; for the coil - rebar spread, wait and see; for steel profits, wait and see; for options, use a wide - straddle consolidation strategy. [2][26][27]

Group 1: Company Developments - JD Group has made a voluntary public acquisition offer to Ceconomy AG, the parent company of MediaMarkt and Saturn, at a cash price of €4.60 per share, aiming to establish a strategic investment partnership [4] - BYD reported that its overseas sales of passenger cars and pickups reached 470,086 units in the first half of 2025, contributing to a total sales figure of 2,145,954 vehicles [4] - WeRide has partnered with Uber to expand its Robotaxi service in Abu Dhabi, expecting to double its order volume and cover nearly half of the core areas of Abu Dhabi [5] Group 2: Industry Trends - China's trade with Central and Eastern European countries reached a record high of 522.88 billion yuan in the first half of 2025, marking a year-on-year increase of 6.8% [8] - The export growth to Africa was 23% in the first half of 2025, making it one of the hottest markets for China's foreign trade [8] - The solid-state battery sector is experiencing higher capital interest than industrial readiness, with commercial production expected to begin in small scale by 2027 [8] Group 3: Investment and Financing - Zhiyuan Robotics has received strategic investment from LG Electronics and Mirae Asset, marking LG's first foray into the field of embodied intelligence [10] - CATL's subsidiary, Times Intelligent, has initiated its first round of financing with a target of 2 billion yuan and a pre-investment valuation of approximately 9 billion yuan [10] - Anthropic is negotiating a new funding round that could raise between $3 billion to $5 billion, potentially increasing its valuation to $170 billion [10]

Group 1: Market Overview - The Hong Kong stock market experienced a decline from July 28 to August 1, with the Hang Seng Index falling by 3.47% to 24,507.81 points, the Hang Seng Tech Index dropping by 4.94% to 5,397.40 points, and the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index decreasing by 3.78% to 8,804.42 points [4][38]. - Among the sectors, only the healthcare and communication services sectors saw gains, with increases of 2.29% and 0.07% respectively, while materials, consumer discretionary, and industrial sectors faced significant declines of 5.53%, 4.28%, and 4.08% respectively [7][38]. Group 2: Fund Flow and Liquidity - The average daily trading volume on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange was HKD 282.73 billion, a decrease of HKD 5.208 billion from the previous week. The average daily short-selling amount increased by 40.03% to HKD 30.83 billion, representing 10.88% of the total trading volume [12][38]. - Southbound funds recorded a net inflow of HKD 59.02 billion, marking an increase of HKD 26.669 billion from the previous week, the highest weekly net inflow since mid-April [12][38]. Group 3: Valuation and Risk Premium - As of August 1, the PE and PB ratios for the Hang Seng Index were 11.13 times and 1.16 times, respectively, down by 1.66% and 2.23% from the previous week, placing them at the 81st percentile since 2019 [19][21]. - The risk premium for the Hang Seng Index was calculated at 4.76%, which is -1.95 standard deviations from the 3-year rolling mean, indicating a low-risk environment [21][26]. Group 4: Sector Insights - The healthcare sector showed strong performance with positive mid-year earnings reports, while the automotive sector reported a retail increase of 9% year-on-year in July, despite a month-on-month decline of 19% [10][11]. - The energy sector's dividend yield exceeded 7%, while utilities, real estate, finance, communication services, and industrial sectors all had yields above 4%, suggesting these sectors may provide stable returns for investors [29][38]. Group 5: Future Outlook - The report suggests that the Hong Kong stock market is expected to trend upwards with rapid sector rotation. It recommends focusing on high-dividend stocks for stable returns amid ongoing uncertainties from U.S. tariff policies and domestic policy support for sectors like innovative pharmaceuticals and AI [41][38].

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content Core Viewpoint - In July, the domestic asphalt market fundamentals weakened marginally. Supply pressure increased due to the expected third - quarter terminal rush and high asphalt cracking spreads, while demand decreased because of weather - related construction disruptions. Socially - held inventories remained at a high level, suppressing prices. Macro improvements had limited support for the market. Cost - driven factors led to a short - term strengthening of oil prices, which in turn drove the asphalt market. Currently, the asphalt market lacks a core driving factor and is mainly influenced by crude oil. Given the medium - to long - term expectation of crude oil supply surplus, the asphalt price is expected to continue to fluctuate widely. For trading strategies, pay attention to the pressure range of 3700 - 3750 for the BU2510 contract, and consider short - selling if US sanctions on Russia are lower than market expectations [69]. Summary by Directory 01 Market Review - In July, the asphalt futures price fluctuated widely. On one hand, the asphalt fundamentals showed a pattern of increasing supply and decreasing demand. Asphalt production continued to rise as refinery operating rates increased, while demand weakened due to the typhoon season in the southern region. Social inventories remained at a high level, suppressing prices. On the other hand, the marginal improvement in the supply and demand of crude oil supported oil prices. In the context of less prominent fundamental contradictions, the cost was the main influencing factor for asphalt prices [6]. 02 Macro Analysis - **Trade Agreements**: Sino - US economic and trade talks were held in Stockholm, and both sides agreed to extend the suspension of part of the US reciprocal tariffs and Chinese counter - measures for 90 days. The US reached trade agreements with the EU, Japan, etc., and also imposed new tariffs on South Korea, India, and Brazil. In the short term, trade tensions were effectively alleviated, which supported oil prices to some extent. However, the long - term impact on the global economy remains uncertain [8]. - **Fed's Interest - Rate Decision**: The Fed kept the federal funds rate unchanged at 4.25% - 4.50%, in line with market expectations. Two Fed officials opposed the decision, indicating a weakening of internal consensus. Fed Chairman Powell's speech was hawkish, and the probability of a September interest - rate cut decreased. The interest - rate decision and Powell's speech added uncertainty to the future interest - rate adjustment rhythm [12]. - **Geopolitical Tensions**: US President Trump set a deadline for Russia to reach a peace agreement with Ukraine and threatened sanctions if the goal was not achieved. The US also imposed large - scale sanctions on Iran. These events raised concerns about the supply side of the market and supported the recent strengthening of oil prices [13]. 03 Supply - Demand Analysis - **OPEC+ Production**: OPEC+ unexpectedly increased production by 548,000 barrels per day in August, and the market expects a continued increase in September to reach the target of restoring 2.2 million barrels per day of production. The market has fully priced in the OPEC+ production increase, and the key lies in the speed and scale of the increase. It is expected that this round of production increase will be completed by the end of the fourth quarter. Additionally, Kazakhstan's production exceeded the quota, raising concerns about OPEC+ internal price competition [16][17]. - **IEA, EIA, and OPEC Forecasts**: In July, IEA, EIA, and OPEC had different expectations for global crude oil supply and demand growth. IEA raised the supply growth forecast by 300,000 barrels per day and lowered the demand growth forecast by 16,000 barrels per day, maintaining a pessimistic outlook. EIA and OPEC maintained their previous forecasts, expecting demand improvement due to the easing of global trade tensions [19]. - **Domestic Asphalt Supply**: In July, domestic asphalt production was 2.55 million tons, a month - on - month increase of 234,000 tons or 10.5%. The operating rate of domestic refineries increased, with significant increases in the East China and Shandong regions. The asphalt cracking spread fluctuated, and the expected third - quarter terminal rush demand drove the refinery operating rate to rise, increasing supply pressure [21][29]. - **Domestic Asphalt Demand**: In July, domestic asphalt shipments were 1.867 million tons, a month - on - month decrease of 88,000 tons. Rainy weather restricted terminal construction, weakening demand. As the rainy season ended, shipments increased week - on - week. The utilization rate of modified asphalt production capacity increased, but the long - term growth space is limited [30][33]. - **Import and Export**: In June, domestic asphalt imports were 375,700 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 22,000 tons or 5.51%, and a year - on - year increase of 32.56%. Exports were 29,700 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 25,600 tons. From January to June, cumulative imports decreased by 11.53% year - on - year, while cumulative exports increased by 53.36% year - on - year [40][43]. - **Inventory**: As of August 1, the factory inventory of domestic asphalt sample enterprises was 700,000 tons, a week - on - week decrease of 23,000 tons. The social inventory was 1.343 million tons, a week - on - week decrease of 9,000 tons. Factory inventory decreased slightly due to lower production and increased terminal construction, while social inventory increased slightly due to weak demand and remained at a high level [52][57]. - **Price Spread**: As of August 1, the weekly profit of domestic asphalt processing was - 551.7 yuan/ton, a month - on - month decrease of 37.5 yuan/ton. The asphalt basis was 76 yuan/ton, and the asphalt - to - crude oil ratio was 57.25 as of July 31. The asphalt cracking spread weakened, and the basis first strengthened and then weakened, indicating weak price support from the demand side [67].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The current crude oil market features "strong reality, weak expectation", with short - term support factors and long - term suppression logic coexisting. In the short term, factors such as the peak consumption season, improved macro - environment, and OPEC+ actual production increase lower than planned support oil prices. In the long term, OPEC+ is expected to fully release the 2.2 million barrels per day production increase by the end of the fourth quarter, while seasonal demand will weaken, leading to a long - term structural surplus. The proposed US sanctions on Russia may cause short - term supply concerns and oil price rebounds, but the actual supply reduction may be limited. It is recommended to pay attention to the pressure of WTI crude oil prices at $70 - 72 per barrel, and consider short positions if sanctions are lower than market expectations [53]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Market Review - In July, oil prices first fluctuated widely and then rose. The "strong reality, weak expectation" pattern of crude oil, the expected peak consumption season in the Northern Hemisphere, and the decline in EIA crude oil inventories supported oil prices. Although OPEC+ planned to increase production by 548,000 barrels per day in August, the market had already priced it in, and the actual increase was much smaller. The threat of US sanctions on Russia also supported oil price rebounds. However, in the fourth quarter, the shift from peak to off - peak consumption and OPEC+ production increases may lead to supply surpluses and limit oil price increases [5]. 3.2 Macroeconomic Analysis 3.2.1 Trade Agreements - The short - term trade tension has been alleviated as the US reached trade agreements with China, the EU, and Japan. However, the long - term impact on the global economy is still uncertain. The US also imposed new tariffs on South Korea, India, and Brazil [6]. 3.2.2 Fed's Interest Rate Decision - The Fed kept the federal funds rate unchanged at 4.25% - 4.50%, in line with market expectations. There were two dissenting votes advocating a 25 - basis - point rate cut. Powell's speech was hawkish, and the probability of a September rate cut dropped from about 65% to below 50% [10]. 3.2.3 Geopolitical Tensions - Trump threatened to impose sanctions on Russia if it fails to reach a peace agreement with Ukraine by August 8. The US also imposed large - scale sanctions on Iran. These events raised concerns about supply disruptions and supported oil prices [11]. 3.3 Supply - Demand Analysis 3.3.1 OPEC+ Production - OPEC+ increased production by 548,000 barrels per day in August, exceeding market expectations. It is expected to continue increasing production in September to reach the 2.2 million barrels per day production recovery target. However, Kazakhstan's failure to cut production as promised may lead to concerns about an internal price war within OPEC+ [14][15]. 3.3.2 Forecasts from Different Institutions - In July, IEA raised the global crude oil supply growth forecast by 300,000 barrels per day and lowered the demand growth forecast by 16,000 barrels per day. EIA and OPEC maintained their previous forecasts [17]. 3.3.3 Supply from Different Regions - OPEC's crude oil production increased by 221,000 barrels per day in June, mainly due to Saudi Arabia's production increase. Non - OPEC production increased by 129,000 barrels per day, mainly from Kazakhstan and Russia. US crude oil production decreased by 120,000 barrels per day in the week ending July 25, and the number of oil rigs also decreased [19][21][24]. 3.3.4 Demand from Different Regions - China's apparent crude oil consumption increased by 3% in June. However, China's manufacturing PMI decreased in July. In the US, refinery utilization rates increased, but the manufacturing PMI was still in the contraction range, and the Chicago PMI continued to decline [32][38][39]. 3.3.5 Inventory - US EIA crude oil inventories increased by 7.74 million barrels in the week ending July 25. Although the seasonal peak may drive inventory reduction, the reduction space is limited [48].

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Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant information provided. 2. Core View of the Report - The spot price of shipping derivatives basically peaked at the end of July. It is expected to decline slowly until late August and then the decline rate will intensify. The main focus of the 10 - contract game is the decline rate of freight rates from August to October. The strategy is to short the 10 - contract on rallies (take profits due to recent large pullbacks) and hold the 12 - 4 calendar spread [5][6]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs Shipping Freight Index - **Spot Index**: The Shanghai Export Container Freight Index (SCFI) and China Export Container Freight Index (CCFI) both declined. SCFI dropped by 3.30%, CCFI by 3.23%. Among different routes, SCFI - US West decreased by 3.50%, SCFIS - US West by 1.31%, SCFI - US East by 6.48%, SCFI - Northwest Europe increased by 0.53%, SCFIS - Northwest Europe decreased by 3.50%, and SCFI - Mediterranean by 4.35% [3]. - **Contract Index**: All contract indices declined. EC2506 dropped by 3.41%, EC2508 by 0.81%, EC2510 by 2.97%, EC2512 by 2.63%, EC2602 by 3.09%, and EC2604 by 4.47% [3]. - **Position**: For positions, EC2606 increased by 32, while EC2508 decreased by 724, EC2410 by 3056, EC2412 by 45, EC2602 by 77, and EC2604 by 184 [3]. - **Calendar Spread**: The 10 - 12 spread increased by 2.1 to - 267.2, the 12 - 2 spread increased by 1.6 to 207.6, and the 12 - 4 spread increased by 16.3 to 368.2 [3]. Market News - USTR Greer hopes for positive progress in China - related trade but does not expect a major breakthrough. Trump's trade team also anticipates no major breakthrough in China negotiations. The EU - China summit commemorated the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations, with the meeting period shortened from two days to one at China's request, reflecting escalating tensions. The US - China trade negotiation team met in Stockholm, and both sides expressed the importance of stable economic and trade relations and the intention to continue consultations [4].

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Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. 2. Core View of the Report - Today, the futures prices of each contract of the Container Shipping Index (European Line) opened lower and fluctuated. As of the close, the prices of all EC contracts declined. Looking at the changes in the positions of the top 20 institutional holders on the exchange, the long positions of the EC2510 contract decreased by 1,040 lots to 26,610 lots, the short positions decreased by 1,158 lots to 32,329 lots, and the trading volume decreased by 25,427 lots to 57,250 lots (bilateral). MSC will start to lower prices in mid - August, leading the futures prices to decline from the current price perspective. Additionally, the Politburo meeting's change in the description of "anti - involution" from "governing the low - price and disorderly competition of enterprises in accordance with laws and regulations" to "governing the disorderly competition of enterprises in accordance with laws and regulations" has dampened the high - rising sentiment of related commodity futures. Indirectly, this has affected the futures prices opening lower today. For the future market, it is expected that the overall EC will likely fluctuate with a slight downward trend, but the impact of commodity sentiment and capital flows still needs to be monitored [1]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 EC Risk Management Strategy Suggestions - **Position Management**: For those who have already obtained positions but have full capacity or poor booking volumes, and are worried about falling freight rates (long position), to prevent losses, they can short the container shipping index futures according to the company's positions to lock in profits. The recommended hedging tool is EC2510, with a selling direction and an entry range of 1,700 - 1,800 [1]. - **Cost Management**: For shipowners increasing blank sailings or about to enter the peak season and wishing to book according to orders (short position), to prevent rising freight rates from increasing transportation costs, they can buy the container shipping index futures at present to determine the booking cost in advance. The recommended hedging tool is EC2510, with a buying direction and an entry range of 1,300 - 1,400 [1]. 3.2 Market Influencing Factors - **Positive Factor**: From July 28th to 29th, local time, Chinese and US economic and trade leaders held talks in Stockholm. According to the consensus, both sides will continue to extend the suspension of 24% of the US reciprocal tariffs and China's counter - measures for 90 days [2]. - **Negative Factor**: MSC has lowered the spot - cabin quotes for the European Line in mid - August [2]. 3.3 EC Base - Point and Price Information - **Base - Point Changes**: On August 1st, 2025, the base points of EC contracts such as EC2508, EC2510, etc. all showed daily and weekly changes. For example, the base point of EC2508 was 194.96, with a daily increase of 17.40 and a weekly increase of 39.36 [2]. - **Price and Spread**: On August 1st, 2025, the closing prices of EC contracts generally declined, with different daily and weekly decline rates. For example, the closing price of EC2508 was 2,121.6, with a daily decline of 0.81% and a weekly decline of 5.49%. The spreads between different contracts also showed various changes [3]. 3.4 Spot - Cabin Quotes - On August 14th, for Maersk's Shanghai - Rotterdam shipping schedule, the total quote for 20GP was $1,730, an increase of $15 compared to the previous period, and the total quote for 40GP was $2,900, an increase of $30 compared to the previous period. - In mid - August, for MSC's Shanghai - Rotterdam shipping schedule, the total quote for 20GP was $2,000, a decrease of $163 compared to the previous period, and the total quote for 40GP was $3,340, a decrease of $306 compared to the previous period [5]. 3.5 Global Freight Rate Index - As of the latest data, the SCFIS European Line index was 2,316.56, down 3.50% from the previous value; the SCFIS US West Line index was 1,284.01, down 1.37% from the previous value. Different freight rate indices showed different changes [6]. 3.6 Global Major Port Waiting Times - On July 31st, 2025, the waiting times of major ports such as Hong Kong Port, Shanghai Port, etc. changed compared to the previous day and the same period last year. For example, the waiting time at Hong Kong Port was 1.739 days, a decrease of 0.069 days from the previous day [13]. 3.7 Ship Speed and Number of Waiting Ships - On July 31st, 2025, the average speeds of container ships of different types such as 8000 +, 3000 +, and 1000 + changed compared to the previous day and the same period last year. The number of container ships waiting at the Suez Canal port anchorages was 9, a decrease of 8 from the previous day [22].

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The stock index showed a downward trend with fluctuations, while the TMT sector remained strong. The four major stock index futures contracts all declined, and the market faced adjustment pressure. It is recommended to wait and see for now [2][3][4]. - Due to the decline in PMI and the fall of risk assets, the bond futures market continued to rise. It is recommended to allocate more in the short - term and pay attention to high - frequency economic data [6]. - The impact of US tariffs on inflation continued to emerge. Gold prices rose and then fell, and silver prices were under pressure. It is recommended to buy gold at low levels and pay attention to the changes in silver's industrial demand [9][10]. - The main contract of container shipping futures declined. It is expected to be weakly volatile, and it is advisable to short the 08 and 10 contracts at high prices [12]. - Most non - ferrous metals were under pressure. Copper prices were affected by the disappointment of US copper tariff expectations; aluminum prices were affected by the off - season and macro factors; other non - ferrous metals also faced different supply - demand and macro challenges [17][22][28]. - Black metals showed different trends. Steel prices turned to a volatile state; iron ore prices fluctuated with steel prices; coking coal and coke prices fluctuated sharply, and there were concerns about short - term peaks [42][45][49]. - In the agricultural products sector, the price of soybean meal was supported by import concerns; the price of live pigs was expected to remain at the bottom and fluctuate; the price of corn was in a range - bound state [57][59][62]. Summary by Directory Financial Derivatives - Financial Futures Stock Index Futures - **Market Conditions**: On Thursday, the main indexes opened lower and declined with fluctuations. The TMT sector rose against the trend, while the pro - cyclical sectors fell collectively. The four major stock index futures contracts all declined, and most of the basis of the main contracts was at a discount [2][3]. - **News**: China's July official manufacturing PMI and non - manufacturing business activity index declined, and the comprehensive PMI output index also decreased. Overseas, Trump announced new tariff policies [3]. - **Funding**: On July 31, the trading volume of the A - share market reached a new high, and the net capital withdrawal by the central bank was 4.78 billion yuan [4]. - **Operation Suggestion**: Due to the adjustment pressure caused by the difference between market expectations and policies, it is recommended to wait and see for now [4]. Bond Futures - **Market Performance**: Bond futures closed higher across the board, and the yields of major interest - rate bonds in the inter - bank market generally declined [5]. - **Funding**: The central bank conducted a 7 - day reverse repurchase operation of 28.32 billion yuan on July 31, with a net capital withdrawal of 4.78 billion yuan. After the cross - month period, the funding is expected to return to a loose state [5][6]. - **Fundamentals**: China's July official manufacturing and non - manufacturing PMI declined, but still remained above the critical point, indicating that the overall production and business activities of enterprises maintained an expansion [6]. - **Operation Suggestion**: It is recommended to allocate more in the short - term to play the wave - repair market of bond futures and pay attention to high - frequency economic data [6]. Financial Derivatives - Precious Metals - **News**: Trump reached a 90 - day short - term agreement with Mexico, maintaining the current tariffs. The US 6 - month core PCE price index increased year - on - year [7][8]. - **Market Performance**: Gold prices rose and then fell, and silver prices were affected by the decline in the non - ferrous sector [9]. - **Funding**: Some funds continued to flow into ETFs, supporting the price [10]. - **Outlook**: The price of gold is expected to be under pressure in the short term and test the support of the 100 - day moving average. Silver prices are expected to fluctuate in the range of 36 - 37 US dollars [9][10]. - **Operation Suggestion**: Buy gold at low levels and pay attention to the changes in silver's industrial demand [10]. Financial Derivatives - Container Shipping Futures - **Spot Price**: As of July 31, the spot prices of major shipping companies continued to decline [11]. - **Index**: As of July 28, the SCFIS European line index and the US West line index declined [11]. - **Fundamentals**: As of July 31, the global container shipping capacity increased year - on - year, and the demand in the eurozone and the US showed different trends [11]. - **Logic**: The futures price declined, and the main contract price was driven down by the falling spot price [12]. - **Operation Suggestion**: It is expected to be weakly volatile, and it is advisable to short the 08 and 10 contracts at high prices [12]. Financial Derivatives - Non - Ferrous Metals Copper - **Spot**: As of July 31, the average price of electrolytic copper decreased, and the trading sentiment was average [13]. - **Macro**: Multiple important meetings were held, and the US 50% electrolytic copper tariff expectation was disappointed [14]. - **Supply**: The supply of copper concentrate was restricted, and the production of electrolytic copper was expected to increase in July [15]. - **Demand**: The short - term domestic demand was resilient, but there was marginal pressure in Q3 [16]. - **Inventory**: The inventories of COMEX, LME, and domestic social inventories all increased [16]. - **Logic**: The US copper tariff expectation was disappointed, and the non - US electrolytic copper market showed a pattern of "loose supply expectation and weak demand", and the price was under pressure in the short term [17]. - **Operation Suggestion**: The main contract price is expected to range from 77,000 to 79,000 yuan [17]. Aluminum Oxide - **Spot**: On July 31, the spot prices of aluminum oxide in different regions remained unchanged [17]. - **Supply**: In June, the production of metallurgical - grade aluminum oxide increased year - on - year, and the operating capacity increased [18]. - **Inventory**: The port inventory of aluminum oxide increased, and the total registered warehouse receipts decreased [18]. - **Logic**: The futures price of aluminum oxide declined, and the basis decreased. There was a risk of short - squeeze due to the low warehouse receipts [19]. - **Operation Suggestion**: The main contract price is expected to range from 3,000 to 3,400 yuan. It is recommended to wait and see in the short term and short at high prices in the medium term [19]. Aluminum - **Spot**: On July 31, the average price of SMM A00 aluminum decreased, and the premium decreased [19]. - **Supply**: In June, the domestic electrolytic aluminum production decreased, and the proportion of molten aluminum was expected to decline in July [20]. - **Demand**: The downstream was in the traditional off - season, and the starting rates of various industries were generally stable or slightly decreased [20]. - **Inventory**: The domestic mainstream consumption area inventory increased, and the LME inventory increased slightly [21]. - **Logic**: The aluminum price declined, and the off - season inventory accumulation expectation was strong. The price was under pressure in the short term [22]. - **Operation Suggestion**: The main contract price is expected to range from 20,200 to 21,000 yuan [22]. Zinc - **Spot**: On July 31, the average price of SMM 0 zinc ingots decreased, and the trading was average [25]. - **Supply**: The supply of zinc ore was expected to be loose, and the production of refined zinc was expected to increase in July [26]. - **Demand**: The starting rates of the three primary processing industries were differentiated, and the demand was affected by the price increase [27]. - **Inventory**: The domestic social inventory increased, and the LME inventory decreased [27]. - **Logic**: The supply of zinc ore was expected to be loose, but the production growth rate was lower than expected. The demand was affected by the price increase, and the price was expected to be weakly volatile in the short term [28]. - **Operation Suggestion**: The main contract price is expected to range from 22,000 to 23,000 yuan [28]. Tin - **Spot**: On July 31, the price of SMM 1 tin decreased, and the trading was dull [28]. - **Supply**: In June, the import of tin ore and tin ingots decreased and increased respectively [29]. - **Demand and Inventory**: In June, the starting rate of solder decreased, and the demand showed a weak trend. The LME inventory remained unchanged, and the domestic social inventory increased [29][30]. - **Logic**: The supply of tin ore was tight, and the demand was weak. The price was expected to be in a wide - range shock [31]. - **Operation Suggestion**: It is recommended to wait and see and pay attention to the changes in Sino - US negotiations and Myanmar's post - resumption inventory [31]. Nickel - **Spot**: As of July 31, the average price of SMM1 electrolytic nickel decreased [31]. - **Supply**: In June, the production of refined nickel decreased slightly, and the production in July was expected to increase slightly [31]. - **Demand**: The demand for electroplating was stable, the alloy demand was good, the stainless steel demand was general, and the production of nickel sulfate decreased [32]. - **Inventory**: The overseas inventory remained high, the domestic social inventory increased slightly, and the bonded area inventory remained stable [32]. - **Logic**: The macro - sentiment was weak, and the nickel price was under pressure. The supply of nickel ore was relatively loose, and the stainless steel demand was weak. The price was expected to be in a range adjustment in the short term [33]. - **Operation Suggestion**: The main contract price is expected to range from 118,000 to 126,000 yuan [33]. Stainless Steel - **Spot**: As of July 31, the prices of 304 cold - rolled stainless steel in Wuxi and Foshan decreased [34]. - **Raw Materials**: The price of nickel ore was loose, the price of nickel iron was stable, and the price of ferrochrome was weakly stable [34]. - **Supply**: In July, the estimated production of stainless steel decreased, and the production of 300 - series decreased [34][35]. - **Inventory**: The social inventory decreased slowly, and the warehouse receipts decreased [35]. - **Logic**: The stainless steel price declined, and the terminal demand was weak. The price was expected to be in a range shock in the short term [36]. - **Operation Suggestion**: The main contract price is expected to range from 12,600 to 13,200 yuan [36]. Lithium Carbonate - **Spot**: As of July 31, the price of battery - grade lithium carbonate decreased, and the price of lithium hydroxide increased slightly [37]. - **Supply**: In June, the production of lithium carbonate increased, and the production in July was expected to continue to increase. The recent supply was disturbed, and the production decreased last week [38]. - **Demand**: The demand was relatively stable, and the seasonal performance was weakened [38]. - **Inventory**: The overall inventory began to decrease, the upstream inventory decreased significantly, and the downstream inventory increased [39]. - **Logic**: The lithium carbonate price was weak, and the trading core shifted to the ore end. The short - term supply uncertainty increased, and the price was expected to be in a wide - range shock [40]. - **Operation Suggestion**: It is recommended to wait and see cautiously and pay attention to the macro - expectation changes and supply adjustment [41]. Financial Derivatives - Black Metals Steel - **Spot**: The spot price decreased significantly, and the basis strengthened [41]. - **Cost and Profit**: The cost increased, but the steel price also increased, and the steel mill's profit increased [41]. - **Supply**: The molten iron production was stable at a high level, and the production of five major steel products increased slightly. The production of rebar decreased seasonally, and the production of hot - rolled coil remained high [41]. - **Demand**: The apparent demand for five major steel products was stable at a high level, and the seasonal decline was not significant [42]. - **Inventory**: The inventory of mainstream steel products was stable at a low level, and the off - season inventory accumulation was less than expected [42]. - **Viewpoint**: The market expectation cooled down, and the steel price turned to a volatile state. It is recommended to go long on dips [42]. Iron Ore - **Spot**: The prices of mainstream iron ore powders remained unchanged [43]. - **Futures**: The 09 and far - month contracts of iron ore decreased [43]. - **Basis**: The optimal deliverable product was Carajás fines, and the basis of different varieties was different [44]. - **Demand**: The molten iron production decreased slightly, the blast furnace operating rate remained unchanged, and the steel mill's profit rate increased [44]. - **Supply**: The global iron ore shipment increased, and the 45 - port arrival volume decreased [44]. - **Inventory**: The port inventory decreased slightly, the daily average unloading volume decreased, and the steel mill's imported iron ore inventory increased [44]. - **Viewpoint**: The iron ore price was expected to follow the steel price. It is recommended to go long cautiously on a single - side and long iron ore and short hot - rolled coil in an arbitrage [45]. Coking Coal - **Futures and Spot**: The coking coal futures price decreased significantly, and the spot auction price fluctuated. The Mongolian coal price decreased [46][49]. - **Supply**: The coal mine operating rate decreased slightly, and the domestic coking coal auction was good. The Mongolian coal price followed the futures price down [46][49]. - **Demand**: The coking operating rate was stable, the downstream blast furnace molten iron production decreased slightly at a high level, and the downstream replenishment increased [47][49]. - **Inventory**: The coal mine inventory decreased rapidly, the port inventory decreased, and the downstream inventory increased at a low level [48][49]. - **Viewpoint**: The coking coal price fluctuated sharply. The spot market was relatively stable, and the futures price had over - expected increase. It is recommended to wait and see for speculation and conduct a 9 - 1 reverse arbitrage [49]. Coke - **Futures and Spot**: The coke futures price decreased, and the spot factory price increased, while the port trade price decreased. The mainstream coking enterprises initiated the fifth - round price increase [50][53]. - **Profit**: The average profit per ton of coke was - 45 yuan, and different regions had different profit situations [50]. - **Supply**: The coke production was stable, and the coal mine production recovery was less than expected [50][53]. - **Demand**: The blast furnace molten iron production decreased slightly at a high level, and the downstream demand provided support [51][53]. - **Inventory**: The coking plant inventory continued to decrease, the port inventory increased slightly, and the steel mill inventory decreased [52][53]. - **Viewpoint**: The coke price had a short - term price increase expectation, but there was a risk of peaking and falling back. It is recommended to wait and see for speculation and conduct a 9 - 1 reverse arbitrage [53]. Financial Derivatives - Agricultural Products Meal - **Spot Market**: The price of soybean meal was stable with a slight increase, and the trading volume increased. The price of rapeseed meal fluctuated, and the trading volume was small [55]. - **Fundamentals**: Brazil's soybean export volume in July was estimated, and China and the US held trade talks [55][56]. - **Market Outlook**: The US soybean price was weak, and the domestic soybean meal price was supported by import concerns. It is recommended to wait and see [56][57]. Live Pigs - **Spot Situation**: The spot price of live pigs rebounded, and the prices in different regions increased [58]. - **Market Data**: The profit of self - breeding and self - raising and purchased piglet fattening decreased, and the average slaughter weight decreased [58][59]. - **Market Outlook**: The live pig price was expected to remain at the bottom and fluctuate. The near - month 09 contract had strong upward pressure, and the far - month contract was affected by policies [59][60]. Corn - **Spot Price**: The spot prices in different regions were stable or decreased slightly, and the trading was light [61]. - **Fundamentals**: The inventories of different links decreased, and the feed enterprise's inventory days decreased slightly [62]. - **Market Outlook**: The import corn auction continued, and the impact was weakened. The short - term market was range - bound, and the medium - and long - term supply - demand situation was different [62].