Economic Overview - In May, the overall economy maintained stable operation, with the macro policy effects such as the "old-for-new" consumption policy continuing to be released, and the export sector showing resilience [1][3] - The total retail sales of consumer goods in May increased by 6.4% year-on-year, accelerating by 1.3 percentage points from the previous month, marking the highest monthly growth rate this year [1][2] Consumption and Retail - The service retail sales from January to May grew by 5.2%, which is a slight acceleration compared to the previous four months, indicating a strong impact from holiday consumption [1][2] - The "618" e-commerce promotion and the "old-for-new" policy contributed to a further acceleration in consumer goods consumption in June [6] Investment and Export - Fixed asset investment (excluding rural households) from January to May grew by 3.7%, a decline of 0.3 percentage points from the previous period, with real estate investment dragging down the overall figure [2][4] - Real estate investment fell by 10.7% year-on-year from January to May, with the decline expanding by 0.4 percentage points compared to the previous period [2] - Manufacturing investment increased by 8.5% and infrastructure investment grew by 5.6% during the same period [2] Trade Performance - In May, exports grew by 4.8% year-on-year, while imports decreased by 3.4%, reflecting the resilience of exports despite a challenging external trade environment [2][3] - Cumulatively, from January to May, exports increased by 6%, while imports fell by 4.9%, indicating a strong export performance driven by "export rush" behaviors [2] Industrial Production - The industrial added value for large-scale enterprises in May increased by 5.8% year-on-year, maintaining a growth rate above 5.5% [4][5] - The service production index grew by 6.2% year-on-year in May, boosted by holiday consumption and a recovery in exports to the U.S. [4] Future Outlook - The chief economist at CITIC Securities highlighted that the "old-for-new" policy has supported the demand for major consumer goods, and further support for rural and lower-tier markets could enhance domestic consumption [6] - The government aims to implement more proactive macro policies to strengthen domestic circulation and promote high-quality economic development [5][6]

2025 年 5 月经济数据点评 5 月经济数据的"五大变数" 2025 年 06 月 16 日 [Table_Author] 分析师：陶川 分析师：张云杰 研究助理：钟渝梅 执业证号：S0100524060005 执业证号：S0100525020002 执业证号：S0100124080017 邮箱：taochuan@mszq.com 邮箱：zhangyunjie@mszq.com 邮箱：zhongyumei@mszq.com ➢ 事件： 6 月 16 日，国家统计局发布 5 月份国民经济运行数据。 ➢ 产业韧性和需求不足是当下经济运行的一体两面，5 月经济所呈现出的"生 产稳、投资软，消费升"，表明二季度仍处于政策的观察期。就总量而言，5 月二 产（工业增加值）和三产（服务业生产指数）增速均在 6%附近，表明二季度 GDP 增速 5%以上基本无虞；但结构来看，关税逆风下行业的冷热不均叠加物价走低， 下半年经济所面临的一些新的"变数"正在显现： ➢ 变数一：消费强于投资能否持续？在今年"贸易摩擦"升温的背景下，消费 的表现相对好于投资。"解构"消费，"以旧换新"等政策支持起到了至关重要的 作用，并与"618" ...

宏 观 研 究 华福证券 投资要点： 宏 观 点 评 社零增速回升创阶段新高，家电通讯补贴效果强化。5 月社会消费品 零售总额同比增长 6.4%，较前月回升 1.3 个百分点，创 2024 年以来阶段性 新高。家电通讯两大类消费补贴效果再度得到强化是主要推升因素，当月 家电音像、通讯器材同比分别增长达 53.0%和 33.0%，增速分别较前月上行 达 14.2 和 13.1 个百分点。房地产市场再度趋弱导致对后地产链条耐用品消 费的持续拖累，汽车尽管同样享受以旧换新补贴但同比 1.1%第二个月低位 徘徊，建筑装潢材料、家具同比增速分别下滑 3.9、1.3 个百分点；此外油 价走低亦拖累石油制品同比跌幅扩大 1.3 个百分点。限额以上必需品、必 需品占比较高的限额以下商品零售、餐饮收入同比分别增长 9.6%、5.3%、 5.9%，分别较 4 月上行 0.7、1.3、0.7 个百分点，显示必需品和餐饮等服务 消费增长稳健。 固定投资增速降至年内新低，房地产和传统基建是两大拖累。5 月固 定资产投资同比 2.7%，连续第二个月回落 0.8 个百分点，降至年内增速新 低。房地产开发投资同比-12.0%，跌幅较前月扩大 ...

Economic Performance - In May, industrial added value increased by 5.8% year-on-year, while the service production index rose by 6.2%[3] - Retail sales grew by 6.4% year-on-year, up 1.3 percentage points from the previous month[3] - Fixed asset investment accumulated a year-on-year growth of 3.7%, down 0.3 percentage points from last month[3] Sector Analysis - Infrastructure and manufacturing investment grew by 10.4% and 8.5% respectively in the first five months of the year[3] - New energy vehicle production surged by 40.8%, while industrial robots increased by 32%[3] - Real estate sales and investment saw declines of -2.9% and -10.7% respectively in the first five months[3] Price Trends - The Producer Price Index (PPI) fell from -2.7% to -3.3% year-on-year, indicating price pressures affecting investment[3] - Consumer Price Index (CPI) showed signs of stabilization, nearing the mid-level of 2022-2024[3] Future Outlook - The economy is expected to meet the annual growth target of around 5%, but structural changes will depend on the evolution of the current economic narratives[3] - Key issues to monitor include the potential overconsumption of durable goods, export growth rates, and the government's policy responses[3]

Core Insights - The report from CITIC Securities indicates a significant recovery in consumption this year, with stable growth in manufacturing and infrastructure investment, and resilient export performance, suggesting a positive shift in the economy's "three drivers" [1] - Economic growth in the second quarter is expected to exceed 5%, laying a solid foundation for achieving the annual target [1] - The new model of real estate development is anticipated to more effectively address structural supply-demand mismatches in the second half of the year [1] - Continued support for foreign trade policies is expected to inject more certainty into the economy amid declining global economic momentum and rising geopolitical and trade uncertainties [1]

%% %% %% %% research.95579.com 1 行业研究丨深度报告丨建筑与工程 [Table_Title] 深度解读"两重"建设 分析师及联系人 [Table_Author] 张弛 张智杰 袁志芃 SAC：S0490520080022 SAC：S0490522060005 SFC：BUT917 龚子逸 请阅读最后评级说明和重要声明 2 / 23 %% %% %% %% 丨证券研究报告丨 报告要点 [Table_Summary] "两重"即指国家重大战略实施和重点领域安全能力建设，于 2024 年政府工作报告提出，2025 年政府工作报告提出更大力度支持两重建设。2025 年政府工作报告指出拟发行超长期特别国 债 1.3 万亿元、比上年增加 3000 亿元。安排超长期特别国债 8000 亿元支持"两重"建设，进 一步优化具体投向并提高项目支持比例，高质量推进"硬投资"项目谋划实施。 research.95579.com 2 建筑与工程 cjzqdt11111 [Table_Title2] 深度解读"两重"建设 [Table_Summary2] 2025 年加力推进"两重"项目建设 "两重"即指 ...

6月9日，沪锌期货盘面表现偏弱，截至发稿主力合约报21905.00元/吨，小幅下跌1.82%。 申银万国期货：周末夜盘锌价收低。近期精矿加工费持续回升。由国家统计局数据来看，国内汽车产销 正增长，基建稳定增长，家电产量增速趋缓，地产持续疲弱。市场预期今年精矿供应明显改善，冶炼供 应可能恢复。短期锌价可能宽幅波动，关注美国关税进展，以及美元、锌冶炼和家电产量等因素变化。 广州期货：美国经济数据疲软，特朗普呼吁美联储降息，但美联储官员发言依旧表示降息态度趋于谨 慎，地缘政治冲突不断，市场交投避险情绪仍存。海内外锌精矿TC价格趋于上涨，锌矿报价走低，周 内新增两家企业复产，贸易市场到货量增加，国内社会库存小幅累增，海内外交易所库存保持低位去 库，下游消费进入淡季，镀锌开工小幅走弱，持货商为出货调低升水，实际成交清淡。锌市库存低位， 供需两弱，短期价格上下有限，保持区间震荡运行，参考震荡区间22000-23500元/吨。 【消息面汇总】 机构观点 6月6日，伦敦金属交易所（LME）：锌注册仓单75100吨，注销仓单61875吨，减少175吨；锌库存 136975吨，减少175吨。 国内外锌矿进口量上升，锌矿加工费持续 ...

宏观研究 证 券 研 究 报 告 【每周经济观察】 如何观察"以旧换新"的速度？ ❖ 以旧换新：4 月中旬以来在提速 1、数据与方法：基于商务部不定期公布的 5 大类消费品（汽车、家电、电动 车、家装厨卫、数码）以旧换新进度数据，可计算某个时间段内的日均换新数 量，我们以此观察消费品换新的速度。 2、近期消费品换新速度如何？ 5 月，消费品换新或在提速，结构上：汽车下、 家电升、电动车平。 3、物价：海外大宗品价格明显反弹，黄金、原油、铜均上涨。RJ/CRB 商品 价格指数上涨 3.6%；COMEX 黄金收于 3308.2 美金/盎司，上涨 0.6%；LME 三个月铜价上涨 1.6%；美油、布油分别上涨 6.2%、4%。 （二）景气向下 1）汽车，有所放缓，5 月（4.28~5.31）日均换新量约 3.8 万台，4 月（3.25~4.27） 约 3.9 万台；2024 年 9-12 月（2024.8.23~2024.12.31）日均 4.7 万台。 2）家电，有所提速，5 月（4.28~5.31）日均换新量约 82.9 万台，4 月（3.25~4.27） 约 63 万台；受数据限制，观察 2024 年 10- ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the steel and non-ferrous metals sectors [6]. Core Insights - In late May, the average daily crude steel output of key steel enterprises reached a four-month low, indicating a potential downturn in production [2][45]. - The financing environment index for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in May 2025 was 49.09, reflecting a month-on-month increase of 2.20%, suggesting slight improvement in liquidity conditions [12][22]. - The report highlights a correlation between M1 and M2 growth rates and the Shanghai Composite Index, with the M1-M2 growth rate difference showing a positive trend [12][22]. Summary by Sections Liquidity - The BCI SME financing environment index for May 2025 is 49.09, up 2.20% month-on-month [12]. - The M1 and M2 growth rate difference was -6.5 percentage points in April 2025, with a month-on-month increase of 1.1 percentage points [12][22]. - London gold prices increased by 0.64% compared to the previous week [12]. Infrastructure and Real Estate Chain - The average daily crude steel output for key enterprises in late May was 2.091 million tons, marking a 4.91% decrease from April [2][45]. - The national capacity utilization rate for blast furnaces was 90.65%, down 0.04 percentage points [45]. - The cement price index decreased by 1.44% this week, while the average price of rebar increased by 0.32% [2][64]. Industrial Products Chain - The operating rate for semi-steel tires was 73.86%, down 4.39 percentage points [2]. - The prices of major commodities showed mixed results, with cold-rolled steel down 0.81% and copper up 0.87% [2]. Export Chain - The new export orders PMI for China in May 2025 was 47.50%, an increase of 2.8 percentage points month-on-month [4]. - The CCFI comprehensive index for container shipping rates was 1154.98 points, up 3.34% from the previous week [4]. Valuation Metrics - The Shanghai Composite Index increased by 0.88%, with the industrial metals sector performing best at +3.24% [4]. - The PB ratio for the steel sector relative to the Shanghai Composite is currently at 0.51, with a historical high of 0.82 [4]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests that the profitability of the steel sector is expected to recover to historical average levels following the recent revisions to the steel industry standards [5].

Economic Indicators - As of June 8, 2025, the ECI supply index is at 50.19%, down 0.01 percentage points from last week, while the demand index is at 49.92%, also down 0.01 percentage points[6] - The ECI investment index is at 49.98%, up 0.02 percentage points from last week, while the consumption index is at 49.73%, down 0.04 percentage points[6] - The ELI index is at -1.04%, down 0.17 percentage points from last week, indicating a slight decrease in liquidity in the economy[11] Financing and Social Financing - In May 2025, new loans are expected to be between 700 billion and 800 billion RMB, slightly lower than the same period last year by 0.25 to 0.15 trillion RMB[13] - Government bond financing in May reached 1.49 trillion RMB, an increase of 0.17 trillion RMB compared to the same period last year[13] - The total social financing scale is expected to increase by 2.2 to 2.5 trillion RMB in May, with a projected growth rate of 8.8% for April 2025 due to a low base effect from last year[13] Industrial Production and Investment - The operating rate for major industries has shown a seasonal decline, but remains better than the same period last year, reflecting reduced tariff impacts[7] - Infrastructure investment continues to recover, with the operating rate for asphalt plants at 31.30%, up 3.60 percentage points from last year[26] - The sales area of commercial housing in major cities has decreased by 22.5% year-on-year in the first week of June[7] Export and Trade - The Shanghai container freight index increased by 167.64 points to 2240.35 points, indicating improved shipping demand[32] - The Baltic Dry Index rose by 177.50 points to 1520.00 points, reflecting a recovery in maritime trade[32] - South Korea's export growth rate fell to -1.30%, a decline of 5.00 percentage points from April[32] Risks and Policy Outlook - Uncertainties remain regarding U.S. tariff policies and the potential for policy measures to fall short of market expectations[48] - The sustainability of improvements in the real estate market is still under observation[48]