1. 公开市场操作 央行公告称， 10 月 9 日以固定利率、数量招标方式开展了 6120 亿元 7 天期逆回购操作，操作利率 1.40% ，投标量 6120 亿元，中标量 6120 亿元。 Wind 数据显示，当日 20633 亿元逆回购到期，据此计算，单日净回笼 14513 亿元。 （*数据来源：Wind-央行动态PBOC） 2. 资金面 资金面方面，长假后首个交易日，银行间市场资金面较为宽松，周四存款类机构隔夜回购利率降约 6bp 报在 1.32% 附近；匿名点击（ X-repo ）系统上， 隔夜报价小降至 1.32% 左右。非银机构以信用债借入隔夜报价也有所下行，但仍在 1.5% 上方，尚未回到流动性特别宽松时的水平。交易员称， 央行 开 展的逾万亿买断式逆回购，缓解了公开市场巨量 逆回购到期 压力。 海外方面，最新美国隔夜融资担保利率为 4.14% 。 （IMM） // 债市综述 // 3. 同业存单 全国和主要股份制银行一年期同业存单最新成交在 1.66% 附近，较上日降超 1bp 。 6. 国债期货收盘 30 年期主力合约涨 0.46% 10 年期主力合约涨 0.15% 5 年期主力合约涨 0. ...

Group 1 - The financial industry in China is experiencing significant growth and achievements, reflecting a robust development trajectory over the decades [1] - The upcoming 2025 Insurance and Trust Industry High-Quality Development Conference will focus on the theme "Long Money, Long Investment, Long Green," emphasizing the importance of these sectors in supporting the real economy and enhancing social welfare [2][4] - The Chinese government is implementing structural reforms in the financial supply side, introducing policies to improve service quality, risk management, and innovation within financial institutions [2] Group 2 - The insurance and trust industries are presented with new development opportunities and challenges, necessitating a strategic alignment with policy directions and an enhancement of core competitiveness [2] - Financial technology is highlighted as a key enabler for innovation in service models, aimed at meeting diverse customer needs [2] - Strengthening risk management is identified as a critical issue for ensuring financial security within the industry [2] Group 3 - The Golden Bull Awards, organized by China Securities Journal, are recognized as one of the most credible and influential awards in China's capital market, promoting healthy development in the asset management industry [3]

Macro Economy - The "14th Five-Year Plan" focuses on high-quality development, with new productivity as the core driver, aiming for economic structural transformation and achieving the 2035 vision goal [1] - The GDP growth target is set at approximately 4.5%, emphasizing the development of new productivity sectors such as artificial intelligence, low-altitude economy, and commercial aerospace [1] - Policies will aim to expand domestic demand, promote consumption upgrades, optimize investment structures, and accelerate the implementation of new real estate development models [1] Financial Industry Achievements - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's financial industry achieved significant accomplishments, with total bank assets reaching 470 trillion yuan, ranking first globally [2] - The stock and bond markets are the second largest in the world, and foreign exchange reserves have remained the highest for 20 consecutive years [2] - The financial regulatory system has been comprehensively optimized, with annual growth rates of over 20% for fintech, inclusive finance, and green loans [2] Economic Transformation - The economy is transitioning from reliance on real estate and traditional infrastructure to a new economic model, with substantial progress in high-quality development [3] - R&D investment intensity has increased to 2.68%, and the added value of high-tech manufacturing has grown by 42% [3] - The share of non-fossil energy consumption has risen to 19.8%, and the proportion of new energy vehicles has surpassed 10% [3] International Dynamics - The Federal Reserve lowered interest rates by 25 basis points, aligning with market expectations but falling short of some investors' hopes for a 50 basis point cut [4] - The U.S. economy faces potential "stagflation" risks due to rising supply-side costs rather than insufficient demand [4] Trust Industry Insights - In 2024, China's trust industry asset scale reached a historical high of 29.56 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 23.58% [5] - The industry is facing challenges of "increasing revenue without increasing profit," with a significant drop in total profits by 45.52% [5] - The new regulations have raised the registered capital threshold to 500 million yuan, enhancing capital management and promoting high-quality development [5] Financial Reform and Risk Management - The financial regulatory system has undergone deep reforms, establishing a unified regulatory framework to address previous gaps and improve coordination [8] - Financial services to the real economy have significantly improved, with annual growth rates exceeding 20% for loans to tech SMEs, inclusive finance, and green loans [8] - Systematic financial risk prevention and resolution measures have been implemented, including market-based restructuring and debt swaps to mitigate local government debt risks [10]

Group 1: Open Market Operations - The central bank announced a 7-day reverse repurchase operation of 354.3 billion yuan at a fixed rate of 1.40% on September 19, with a net injection of 124.3 billion yuan for the day after accounting for 230 billion yuan maturing [1] - The total net injection for the week was 1,192.3 billion yuan, with 1,826.8 billion yuan of reverse repos maturing from September 22 to 26 [1] Group 2: Funding Conditions - The funding conditions improved on Friday, with the overnight repurchase weighted average rate dropping nearly 5 basis points to around 1.46% as the tax period ended [3] - Overnight funding quotes on the anonymous click (X-repo) system also fell to around 1.46%, although supply was slightly insufficient [3] Group 3: Interbank Certificates of Deposit - The latest transaction rate for one-year interbank certificates of deposit among major banks remained stable at 1.68% [7] Group 4: Treasury Futures - Treasury futures closed collectively lower, with the 30-year main contract down 0.76%, the 10-year down 0.21%, the 5-year down 0.13%, and the 2-year down 0.05% [13] Group 5: Regulatory and Economic Updates - The central bank announced adjustments to the 14-day reverse repurchase operations to better meet liquidity management needs starting September 19 [14] - The financial regulatory authority emphasized the need for banks and insurance institutions to increase financial support for key areas and effectively prevent financial risks [14] - Recent data showed that tax revenue from the manufacturing sector grew by over 5% year-on-year in the first eight months, highlighting its significant contribution to overall tax revenue [15]

Group 1: Open Market Operations - The central bank announced a 7-day reverse repurchase operation on September 17, with a fixed rate and quantity tendering of 418.5 billion yuan at an interest rate of 1.40%, with the same amount being the winning bid [1] - On the same day, 304 billion yuan of reverse repos matured, resulting in a net injection of 114.5 billion yuan [1] Group 2: Funding Conditions - The funding conditions remain tight due to ongoing tax payment impacts, with the overnight repo weighted average rate for deposit institutions rising over 4 basis points to around 1.48% [3] - Overnight funding quotes in the anonymous click (X-repo) system approached 1.6%, indicating scarce supply [3] - The latest overnight financing rate in the U.S. is reported at 4.51% [3] Group 3: Interbank Certificates of Deposit - The latest transaction rate for one-year interbank certificates of deposit among major banks is around 1.68%, showing a slight decrease from the previous day [7] Group 4: Bond Market Overview - Major interest rate bonds in the interbank market have generally seen a decline in yields [9] - The closing prices for government bond futures showed collective increases, with the 30-year main contract rising by 0.31%, the 10-year by 0.13%, the 5-year by 0.10%, and the 2-year by 0.04% [13] Group 5: Fiscal Revenue and Debt Issuance - From January to August, the national general public budget revenue reached 1,481.98 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.3%, with stamp duty revenue at 28.44 billion yuan, up 27.4% [13] - The central bank is actively supporting qualified financial institutions in issuing financial bonds and asset-backed securities to enhance funding sources and improve consumer credit supply capabilities [13] Group 6: Bond Market Events - The Ministry of Finance plans to issue 60 billion yuan of 182-day discount treasury bonds on September 24 [18] - The China Development Bank will issue up to 25 billion yuan of fixed-rate bonds on September 18 [18] - Tencent is set to issue bonds for the first time in four years, raising approximately 9 billion yuan [18]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - On September 12, the liquidity situation gradually stabilized, with major repo rates declining; the bond market showed a mild and fluctuating trend; the main indices of the convertible bond market all closed higher, and most convertible bond issues rose; yields on U.S. Treasuries across various maturities generally increased, and yields on 10-year government bonds of major European economies also generally rose [1]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs (1) Bond Market News - **Domestic News** - In August 2025, new RMB loans were 590 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 310 billion yuan; new social financing scale was 2.5693 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 463 billion yuan; at the end of August, M2 increased by 8.8% year-on-year, the same as at the end of the previous month; M1 increased by 6.0% year-on-year, 0.4 percentage points higher than at the end of the previous month [3]. - As of the end of June 2025, over 60% of financing platforms achieved exit, meaning over 60% of implicit debts of financing platforms were cleared, and the reform and transformation of financing platforms accelerated. The government also issued 500 billion yuan of special treasury bonds this year to inject capital into large commercial banks, expected to drive about 6 trillion yuan in credit [4]. - The National Development and Reform Commission issued a notice to promote the expansion of the REITs market, and the central settlement company and the inter - bank lending center will jointly launch a centralized bond lending business on October 10, 2025. The National Financial Regulatory Administration released a management method for trust companies, effective January 1, 2026 [5][6]. - Eight departments jointly issued a work plan for the stable growth of the automobile industry, aiming for about 32.3 million vehicle sales in 2025, a year - on - year increase of about 3%, including about 15.5 million new energy vehicle sales, a year - on - year increase of about 20% [7]. - **International News** - On September 12, Fitch downgraded France's sovereign credit rating from AA - to A + due to the continuous rise in France's debt - to - GDP ratio, which is expected to increase from 113.2% in 2024 to 121% in 2027, and the lack of a clear debt stabilization path [8]. - **Commodities** - On September 12, international crude oil and natural gas futures prices turned up. WTI October crude oil futures rose 0.51% to $62.69 per barrel, Brent November crude oil futures rose 0.93% to $66.99 per barrel, COMEX gold futures rose 0.19% to $3680.50 per ounce, and NYMEX natural gas prices rose 1.09% to $2.973 per ounce [10]. (2) Liquidity Situation - **Open Market Operations** - On September 12, the central bank conducted 230 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations at a fixed interest rate of 1.40%. With 188.3 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing on the same day, the net injection of funds was 41.7 billion yuan [11]. - **Funding Rates** - On September 12, the liquidity situation gradually stabilized, and major repo rates declined. DR001 decreased by 0.60bp to 1.365%, and DR007 decreased by 2.38bp to 1.458% [12]. (3) Bond Market Dynamics - **Interest - rate Bonds** - **Spot Bond Yield Trends** - On September 12, affected by the stock market decline, stable liquidity, and the central bank's over - renewal of repurchase agreements, the bond market showed a mild and fluctuating trend. Yields on 10 - year treasury bonds and 10 - year China Development Bank bonds decreased [14]. - **Bond Tendering** - Information on the tendering of several bonds on September 12, including the 25 Jinchuchingfa 02 (Additional Issue 3), 25 Jinchuchingfa 007 (Additional Issue 8), 25 Coupon Treasury Bond 17, and 25 Coupon Treasury Bond 18, was provided [16]. - **Credit Bonds** - **Secondary Market Transaction Anomalies** - On September 12, the trading prices of 6 industrial bonds deviated by more than 10%. "H1 Bidi 01" fell by more than 86%, "H1 Bidi 04" fell by more than 50%, "H8 Longkong 05" fell by more than 41%; "H9 Longkong 01" rose by more than 77%, "H1 Bidi 03" rose by more than 162%, and "H1 Bidi 02" rose by more than 205% [17]. - **Credit Bond Events** - Multiple credit - related events were reported, such as Evergrande Property's resumption of trading, Guangxi Baise Development being included in the list of被执行人, and Moody's downgrading of Sinochem Hong Kong's issuer rating [19]. - **Convertible Bonds** - **Equity and Convertible Bond Indices** - On September 12, the three major A - share indices all closed lower, while the main indices of the convertible bond market all closed higher. The trading volume of the convertible bond market was 91.591 billion yuan, an increase of 342 million yuan from the previous trading day [19]. - **Convertible Bond Tracking** - On September 12, Qizhong Technology's application for issuing convertible bonds was approved by the exchange. Several convertible bonds announced redemption - related matters, and some were on the verge of triggering early redemption conditions [25]. - **Overseas Bond Markets** - **U.S. Bond Market** - On September 12, yields on U.S. Treasuries across various maturities generally increased. The yield on 2 - year U.S. Treasuries rose by 4bp to 3.56%, and the yield on 10 - year U.S. Treasuries rose by 5bp to 4.06% [23]. - **European Bond Market** - On September 12, yields on 10 - year government bonds of major European economies generally increased. Yields on 10 - year government bonds of Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK rose by 6bp, 5bp, 7bp, 6bp, and 6bp respectively [27]. - **Daily Price Changes of Chinese - funded U.S. Dollar Bonds** - As of the close on September 12, price changes of Chinese - funded U.S. dollar bonds were provided, including details of the top 10 gainers and losers [29].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the ongoing "Clear and Optimized Business Network Environment" initiative by the National Internet Information Office, focusing on the crackdown of malicious online accounts that harm the business environment through illegal activities and misinformation [2][3]. Group 1: Malicious Activities Against Enterprises - Accounts such as "Communication Circle" and others have been reported for coercing companies into "business cooperation" to extract illegal profits, demanding high fees under the guise of "tea fees" and "business cooperation" [2]. - The accounts "International Investment Bank Research Report" and others have been identified for distorting public information about companies, spreading false claims about financial performance to damage corporate reputations [2]. - Accounts like "Fixed Income Talk" have been noted for fabricating false information that harms the reputation of financial institutions, disrupting normal operations and affecting market stability [3]. Group 2: Impact on Market Competition - Accounts such as "Big Mouth Doctor" have been found to publish misleading evaluation information that disrupts market competition, particularly in the beauty product sector, misleading consumers and interfering with normal market order [3].

Core Viewpoint - The National Internet Information Office is actively addressing issues that disrupt the business network environment by launching a special action to rectify illegal online activities related to enterprises, focusing on the management of enterprise-related information content on various platforms [1] Group 1: Illegal Activities Targeting Enterprises - Accounts such as "Communication Circle" have coerced companies into "business cooperation" for illegal profits, demanding high fees under the guise of "tea fees" and "business cooperation," while threatening to release false information if contracts are not renewed [2] - Accounts like "International Investment Bank Research Report" have distorted public information about enterprises, damaging their reputation by spreading false claims about financial performance and operational status, leading to legal actions against these accounts [2] - Accounts such as "Fixed Income Talk" have fabricated false information to harm the reputation of financial institutions, disrupting normal operations and affecting market stability through misleading claims about financial performance [2] Group 2: Impact on Market Competition - Accounts like "Big Mouth Doctor" have published misleading evaluation information that affects market competition, misleading consumers and disrupting normal market order due to their commercial interests with specific beauty product companies [2]

Core Insights - The decline in household deposits in July 2023 is interpreted as a seasonal effect rather than a significant economic indicator, as historical data shows similar trends in previous years [2][3] - The relationship between household deposit changes and stock market fluctuations is weak, with non-bank financial institutions playing a more crucial role in market movements [4][5] - The trend of "more savings, less borrowing" among Chinese households continues, indicating a persistent deleveraging process [7][10] Group 1: Household Deposits and Loans - In July 2023, household deposits decreased by 1.11 trillion yuan, which is 780 billion yuan more than the same month last year [1] - The decline in household loans in July 2023, amounting to 489.3 billion yuan, marks a shift from the previous trend of positive growth since 2009 [3] - Cumulatively, household deposits increased by 9.66 trillion yuan in the first seven months of 2023, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 720.3 billion yuan [3] Group 2: Stock Market Dynamics - The stock market's performance in July does not correlate strongly with household deposit changes, as evidenced by varying stock index movements despite significant deposit fluctuations in previous years [2][4] - Non-bank financial institutions saw an increase in deposits of 2.14 trillion yuan in July 2023, indicating a potential shift in investment behavior away from traditional bank deposits [4][5] Group 3: Deleveraging Trends - The household leverage ratio in China has slightly decreased to 61.1% as of Q2 2023, down from 62.3% in Q1 2023, indicating ongoing deleveraging efforts [7][10] - The average household loan increase in the first seven months of 2023 was only 680.8 billion yuan, a decrease of 579.4 billion yuan compared to the previous year [4] - The widening gap between new deposits and new loans, reaching 8.98 trillion yuan, highlights the trend of households prioritizing savings over borrowing [4]

Core Insights - The report titled "Financial Regulatory Blue Book: China Financial Regulatory Report (2025)" was jointly released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Financial Research Institute, the National Financial and Development Laboratory, and the Social Sciences Academic Press, focusing on the evolution of digital finance and its regulation in China [1][2] - The report indicates that digital finance has transitioned from version 1.0 to 2.0, with innovations such as blockchain and artificial intelligence potentially creating new paradigms for financial services while also posing multiple risks and challenges in areas like cybersecurity, consumer rights protection, and financial data openness [1] - The report provides a comprehensive overview of significant events in China's financial regulatory landscape in 2024 and forecasts the development trends for 2025 [1] Summary by Sections General Report - The general report emphasizes the need for China to enhance research and exploration in areas such as technological innovation application, digital assets, and the construction of a digital financial ecosystem [1] - It aims to improve the digital financial development system, effectively balancing innovation and regulation to ensure the stability and security of the financial system [1] Sub-reports - The sub-reports analyze the progress of regulatory developments in various sectors including banking, securities, insurance, trust, and foreign exchange in 2024, presenting a panoramic view of China's financial regulatory landscape [1] Special Research - The special research section focuses on systemic financial risk observation, providing an overall assessment of financial risks in China and analyzing the evolution of risks in key areas [2] - It delves into significant issues in the current financial regulatory landscape, including financial legal construction, local debt management, green finance risks and regulation, public data usage, advancements in quantum computing, and legal regulation of crypto assets [2] - The report serves as an annual reference for financial institutions, theorists, and regulatory bodies, reflecting the current state, development, and reform history of China's financial regulatory system [2]