今日概览 ◼ 重磅研报 证券研究报告 | 朝闻国盛 gszqdatemark 2025 07 18 年 月 日 朝闻国盛 中短利率债为何持续偏弱？ 【固定收益】中短利率债为何持续偏弱？——20250717 作者 | 分析师 熊园 | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 执业证书编号：S0680518050004 | | | | | 邮箱：xiongyuan@gszq.com | | | | | 行业表现前五名 | | | | | 行业 | 1 月 | 3 月 | 1 年 | | 通信 | 15.7% | 32.7% | 49.0% | | 综合 | 9.9% | 19.6% | 70.5% | | 电子 | 9.4% | 11.0% | 35.8% | | 国防军工 | 8.6% | 16.6% | 38.6% | | 电力设备 | 8.4% | 14.7% | 28.3% | | 行业表现后五名 | | | | | 行业 | 1 月 | 3 月 | 1 年 | | 美容护理 | -2.4% | 2.4% | 15.5% | | 煤炭 | -2.2% | -2.7% | -13 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a rating of "Overweight" for the steel industry [3] Core Insights - In June 2025, crude steel production decreased by 9.2% year-on-year, indicating a reduction in production intensity among steel mills, although the reliability of this data is questioned [1] - The black metal smelting and rolling processing industry reported a revenue of 31,364.5 billion yuan from January to May, down 7.0% year-on-year, while total profits turned positive at 316.9 billion yuan [1] - The report highlights strong growth in both domestic and external demand, with net steel exports increasing by 10.7% year-on-year in the first half of 2025 [2] - The report anticipates that the "anti-involution" policy may lead to a significant reduction in steel production, although the actual impact remains to be observed [1][7] Summary by Sections Production Data - In June 2025, crude steel production was 83.18 million tons, a 9.2% decrease year-on-year, with an average daily production of 2.773 million tons [5] - The production of pig iron in June was 71.91 million tons, down 4.1% year-on-year [5] - Steel production in June was 127.84 million tons, an increase of 1.8% year-on-year [5] Export and Import Data - In the first half of 2025, steel exports reached 5.512 million tons, a 10.7% increase year-on-year [2] - Steel imports in June were 470,000 tons, a decrease of 18.3% year-on-year [5] - Iron ore imports in June were 105.95 million tons, an increase of 8.5% year-on-year [5] Economic Context - The report notes that the general public budget deficit for 2025 is projected at 4%, with local government special bonds expected to reach 4.4 trillion yuan [2] - The fiscal policy is expected to play a crucial role in sustaining economic recovery, with significant investments in various sectors [2][6] Investment Recommendations - The report recommends buying shares of companies such as Hualing Steel, Nanjing Steel, Baosteel, and others, citing their undervaluation and potential for recovery [7][9] - The report emphasizes the importance of administrative measures to cut back on supply to accelerate industry profitability [7]

Investment Rating - The report rates the stock of Beilingsong as "Accumulate" with projected EPS of 0.12 in 2024 and increasing to 0.93 by 2027, indicating a significant growth potential [5]. Core Insights - The service retail sector in China is poised for substantial growth, with a market size reaching 7 trillion yuan, driven by digitalization and changing consumer preferences [21][26]. - The report emphasizes the necessity for offline retail to adapt to the challenges posed by e-commerce, highlighting the importance of unique value propositions and customer experiences [27][32]. - Successful new consumption models must focus on high customer unit prices and integrate products with services to enhance consumer engagement and brand loyalty [2][3]. Summary by Sections Service Retail: A Trillion-Yuan Blue Ocean - China's service retail development level is relatively low, with a GDP contribution of only 56.7% in 2024, compared to 60%-80% in developed countries [10][13]. - The per capita service consumption expenditure in China is projected to reach 46.1% of total consumption in 2024, indicating significant room for growth [10][21]. - The rise of digital platforms has transformed consumer experiences, leading to an exponential increase in service retail market size [25][26]. Offline Retail: Challenges and Breakthroughs - Offline retail faces significant challenges due to e-commerce competition, leading to high fixed costs and product homogenization [27][32]. - Retail models that can achieve high gross margins and customer loyalty are more likely to succeed in the current market [33][36]. New Players in Service Retail - New retail players are emerging by focusing on niche markets and addressing unmet consumer needs, such as the rise of beauty and wellness services [38][39]. - Companies like Xila and Beilingsong are leveraging standardized service models and clear franchise systems to facilitate rapid expansion [46][49]. Key Company Analysis - Beilingsong is transitioning its business model to include both technology products and quick-effect massage services, aiming to enhance customer experience and brand loyalty [4]. - Xila is expanding into scalp care, leveraging its strong brand and supply chain capabilities to become a preferred service provider for families [4].

Inflation Data - The US June CPI increased by 2.7% year-on-year, up from 2.4% in May, while the core CPI rose by 2.9%, slightly below the expected 3.0%[2] - Month-on-month, the seasonally adjusted CPI rose by 0.3%, exceeding the previous value of 0.1% and the 12-month average of 0.2%[2] - Core CPI month-on-month increased by 0.2%, matching the 12-month average but lower than the expected 0.3%[2] Tariff Impact - The report indicates that tariffs are beginning to affect goods inflation, while the transmission to services inflation remains insignificant[2] - The energy component saw a month-on-month increase from -1.0% to 0.9%, primarily due to a significant rise in gasoline prices[2] Market Reactions - Following the CPI release, the S&P 500 and Dow Jones indices fell by 0.4% and 1.0%, respectively, while the Nasdaq index rose by 0.2%[3] - The 10-year US Treasury yield increased by 4.8 basis points to 4.48%, and the dollar index rose by 0.5% to 98.6[3] Interest Rate Expectations - Market expectations for a rate cut by the Federal Reserve have slightly decreased, with the probability of a September cut dropping from 65% to 58%[3] - The likelihood of two rate cuts within the year has decreased from approximately 93% to 76%[3] Future Outlook - The report warns of ongoing inflationary pressures in the US, suggesting that expectations for Federal Reserve rate cuts should be tempered[4] - Trade negotiations are critical, with the tariff exemption period ending soon, and the market anticipates low chances of reaching agreements with most countries[4]

- The long-term returns of small-cap stocks primarily come from valuation improvements rather than dividends, buybacks, or earnings, indicating a persistent pricing error in the market that quantitative strategies can systematically exploit[1][7] - Small-cap indices exhibit a right-skewed excess return distribution, with a higher probability of extreme positive returns compared to large-cap indices, reflecting higher elasticity and stronger performance during uptrends[15][16] - During credit expansion phases, small-cap indices tend to perform better due to higher elasticity, as seen in the current economic environment characterized by loose monetary policy and credit recovery[19][22] - The systemic crash risk for small-cap stocks is currently low, as indicated by factor timing metrics such as factor momentum, factor dispersion, and factor crowding, which are not at extreme levels[20][24] - Small-cap stocks have long-term alpha potential, with quantitative strategies in small-cap index components showing higher excess return capabilities compared to mid-cap and large-cap indices[27][30][31] Quantitative Models and Factors - **GK Model**: Used to decompose historical returns of the CSI All Share Index and small-cap indices, showing that small-cap returns are driven mainly by valuation increases[7] - **Factor Timing Metrics**: Include factor momentum, factor dispersion, and factor crowding, used to assess the timing of factor investments and systemic risk[20][23] Backtesting Results - **Small-cap funds**: From 2016 to 2025, small-cap funds achieved an average cumulative return of 71.62%, significantly outperforming the CSI 1000 Total Return Index, which had a cumulative return of -34.80%[32][33][34] - **E Fund Yibai Intelligent Quantitative Strategy A**: Demonstrated a stable long-term excess return since early 2024, with an annualized return of 38.50% compared to the Wind All A Equal Weight Index's 14.45%[39][40][42] - **T-M Model Analysis**: The fund showed a stock selection ability of 0.04% and a market timing ability of 0.91, indicating strong stock-picking skills[65][66][67]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the real estate industry [4][5] Core Viewpoints - The real estate development investment amount has seen a significant decline, with a year-on-year decrease of 11.2% in the first half of 2025, marking the largest drop in this cycle [11][12] - New housing sales have also decreased, with a sales amount decline of 5.5% and a sales area decline of 3.5% in the same period, indicating a worsening trend [3][37] - The report anticipates that policy measures will continue to support the real estate market, aiming to stabilize the sector [11][12] Summary by Sections Investment - In the first half of 2025, the total real estate development investment reached 46,658 billion yuan, down 11.2% year-on-year, with residential, office, and commercial property investments decreasing by 10.4%, 16.8%, and 8.4% respectively [2][21] New Construction - The cumulative new construction area in the first half of 2025 was 30,364 million square meters, a decrease of 20.0% year-on-year, with residential, office, and commercial areas down by 19.6%, 21.0%, and 17.7% respectively [26][21] Completion - The total completed area in the first half of 2025 was 22,567 million square meters, down 14.8% year-on-year, with residential, office, and commercial completions showing declines of 15.5%, 0.2%, and 20.7% respectively [28][21] Sales - The total sales amount for commercial housing in the first half of 2025 was 44,241 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year decrease of 5.5%, while the sales area decreased by 3.5% [3][37] Funding - The total funds available to real estate companies in the first half of 2025 amounted to 50,202 billion yuan, down 6.2% year-on-year, with significant declines in self-raised funds, deposits, and prepayments [52][21]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for Anta Sports [5][7] Core Views - Anta Sports demonstrated strong sales growth in Q2 2025, with a notable performance across its multi-brand portfolio, achieving overall sales growth in the first half of 2025 [1][4] - The report anticipates a revenue growth of 11% for 2025, with a net profit growth of 13% compared to 2024, excluding one-time gains [4] Summary by Sections Anta Brand - In Q2 2025, Anta brand sales grew by a low single-digit percentage year-on-year, a slowdown compared to the high single-digit growth in Q1 2025. This is attributed to store optimization efforts and cautious discounting during the "618 Shopping Festival" [2] - The inventory turnover ratio for Anta brand is expected to remain around 5, indicating a healthy operational level [2] - For H2 2025, sales growth is expected to accelerate as the brand continues to optimize product structure and channel efficiency [2] Fila Brand - Fila brand achieved a mid-single-digit year-on-year sales growth in Q2 2025, with strong performance expected in its core products and e-commerce channels [3] - The brand's inventory turnover ratio is also projected to maintain around 5, with stable discounts in physical stores [3] - For H2 2025, Fila is expected to continue its strong growth trajectory, supported by an expanded product range [3] Other Brands - Other brands within the Anta portfolio saw a remarkable sales growth of 50% to 55% in Q2 2025, driven by improved product offerings and store operations [4] - The acquisition of Maia Active in 2023 is expected to contribute positively to growth, alongside the recent acquisition of outdoor brand Jack Wolfskin [4] - Overall, the company is projected to maintain robust revenue growth in 2025, particularly in its outdoor brands [4] Financial Projections - The report forecasts net profits for Anta Sports to be 135.12 billion yuan in 2025, with a corresponding P/E ratio of 17 times [5][6] - Revenue is expected to grow from 62.36 billion yuan in 2023 to 78.70 billion yuan in 2025, reflecting a compound annual growth rate [6][13]

Group 1: Small-cap Fund Investment Opportunities - The long-term returns of small-cap stocks primarily stem from valuation improvements rather than dividends or buybacks, indicating a persistent pricing error in the market that provides alpha opportunities [8] - Small-cap stocks exhibit a longer right tail in excess return distribution compared to large-cap stocks, suggesting higher potential for extreme positive returns during bullish market cycles [8] - In a credit expansion phase, small-cap stocks tend to perform better due to a favorable monetary environment and recovering credit conditions [8] Group 2: Economic Insights - The second quarter GDP growth rate was reported at 5.2%, indicating resilience in the economy, particularly in industrial output, despite a decline in fixed asset investment growth [13] - Economic data for June showed a mixed trend, with external demand and production rebounding while consumption and investment weakened [9] - The overall economic outlook suggests a potential GDP growth rate of around 5% for the year, with ongoing challenges in domestic demand and export pressures [9] Group 3: Industry Performance - The coal industry is experiencing a decline in imports while thermal power generation continues to grow, leading to price increases as demand rises [22] - The antimony market is showing signs of recovery with potential upward price adjustments due to easing export policies and a focus on quality resource companies [23][24] - The textile and apparel sector, particularly companies like Anta Sports and 361 Degrees, is demonstrating strong sales growth, supported by effective multi-brand strategies [28][38]

Investment Rating - The industry rating is "Maintain Buy" [5] Core Viewpoints - Antimony prices have stabilized after a significant decline, indicating a potential bottoming out [2][13] - The export policy is showing signs of marginal easing, which may lead to an upward convergence of domestic antimony prices [3][42] - The supply-demand fundamentals for the antimony industry are strong, with expectations for long-term high prices due to geopolitical factors and administrative controls [3][42] Summary by Sections Antimony Price Review - As of July 11, antimony concentrate prices were 151,500 CNY/ton, down 31% from the April peak, while antimony ingot prices were 178,500 CNY/ton, down 28% [1][10] - The price difference between domestic and international markets has widened to 330,000 CNY/ton due to export controls and supply-demand imbalances [1][10] Demand Analysis - The demand for flame retardants has shown resilience, with prices for flame retardant masterbatches increasing by 90% from January to April, followed by a modest decline of 11% from April to July [2][13] - The photovoltaic glass sector has seen a significant increase in installation volumes, but actual installations have remained flat compared to the previous year due to delays [21][23] Supply Dynamics - Antimony ore imports decreased by 24% year-on-year in the first five months of 2025, with a significant price increase of 39% month-on-month in May [31] - Domestic production of antimony ingots and sodium antimonate has declined sharply, with a 25% year-on-year drop in June production [31][32] Investment Recommendations - Companies with quality resources in the antimony sector are expected to benefit from the industry's upward trend. Recommended companies include Huayu Mining, Hunan Gold, and Huaxi Nonferrous [4][42]

Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information provided regarding the report industry investment rating. Core Viewpoints - The growth rate of social financing may face pressure in the second half of the year. If there is no additional budget, government bonds will shift from year - on - year increase in the first half to year - on - year decrease in the second half, and non - government bond social financing has been weak due to high real interest rates [2][3][20]. - The low - base effect supports the continued significant rebound of M1 growth rate, and the rebound of social financing growth rate drives the rebound of M2 growth rate. Attention should be paid to the subsequent changes in fiscal deposits [3][4]. - The current stock market rise requires a low - interest - rate environment, and the impact on the bond market from capital flow is limited. The bond market has limited adjustment space, and it is a better allocation opportunity after adjustment. It is expected that bond yields will decline again, and a long - duration position and a dumbbell - shaped allocation are recommended [5][21]. Summary by Related Content Credit Situation - In June, new credit was 2.24 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 110 billion yuan. Corporate short - term credit demand increased, while the improvement of household credit demand was still limited. Corporate medium - and long - term loans and short - term loans increased year - on - year, and bill financing decreased year - on - year. Household medium - and long - term and short - term loans also increased year - on - year, but high - frequency data showed weak real - estate sales [1][8]. Social Financing Situation - In June, new social financing was 4.1993 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 0.9008 trillion yuan, and the year - on - year growth rate of social financing stock was 8.9%, 0.2 percentage points higher than the previous month. Government bonds were still the main support item. However, if there is no additional budget, subsequent bond supply will decrease year - on - year, and social financing growth rate may decline [2][13]. - In the first half of this year, the increase in social financing mainly came from government bonds. The annual budget increment of government bonds is 13.86 trillion yuan. After deducting the issued part in the first half, the net financing scale in the second half is expected to be about 6.1 trillion yuan, compared with about 8 trillion yuan in the same period last year [3][20]. M1 and M2 Situation - In June, the new - caliber M1 increased by 4.6% year - on - year, a rebound of 2.3 percentage points from May, mainly due to the low - base effect last year [3][15]. - In June, M2 increased by 8.3% year - on - year, a rebound of 0.4 percentage points from the previous month. The increase in social financing growth rate promoted the rebound of M2 growth rate. With the slowdown of government bond issuance in the second half, fiscal deposits may decrease year - on - year, increasing the capital supply in the market [4][18]. Stock and Bond Market Situation - The recent rise in the stock market is mainly driven by valuation recovery and requires a low - interest - rate environment. The impact of the stock market on the bond market's capital is limited. The bond market has limited adjustment space, and it is expected that bond yields will decline again. A long - duration position and a dumbbell - shaped allocation are recommended, with the 10 - year Treasury bond yield expected to fall to 1.4% - 1.5% [5][21].