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养殖油脂产业链日度策略报告-20250814
1. Report Industry Investment Rating The provided content does not mention the industry investment rating. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - **Soybean Oil**: The August USDA supply - demand report unexpectedly lowered the new - season US soybean planting area, which is bullish. The soybean oil market is in a "weak reality + strong expectation" pattern. The 01 contract may continue to rise based on 8400, with support at 8230 - 8300 yuan/ton and pressure at 8800 - 9000 yuan/ton. Consider 1 - 5 positive spread operations [3]. - **Rapeseed Oil**: The Sino - Canadian trade relationship is the focus. The preliminary anti - dumping ruling on Canadian rapeseed may lead to less rapeseed purchasing. The price is expected to rise, with support at 9500 - 9510 and pressure at 10450 - 10490 [3]. - **Palm Oil**: The July Malaysian palm oil ending inventory was lower than expected, which is bullish. Hold long positions, with support at 8800 - 8828 and pressure at 9900 - 9910 [4]. - **Soybean Meal and Bean No.2**: The August USDA report is bullish. Due to the tense Sino - US and Sino - Canadian trade relations, hold long positions in the 01 contract of soybean meal and consider long positions in the 09 contract of bean No.2 [4]. - **Rapeseed Meal**: The uncertainty of Sino - Canadian rapeseed trade policy may lead to less rapeseed purchasing. Adopt a low - buying strategy, with support at 2617 - 2621 and pressure at 2960 - 2963 [5]. - **Corn and Corn Starch**: The USDA report is bearish for the external market. In the domestic market, although there are signs of tightening imports, the fundamental pressure remains. Suggest reducing short positions or shifting to far - month contracts [6]. - **Bean No.1**: The USDA report is bullish, but the new domestic soybeans are gradually coming to the market. Consider exiting short positions in the main contract and pay attention to the support and pressure levels [7]. - **Peanuts**: The inventory is low, but the new - season planting area increases. The price is under pressure in the long - term, but the 10 - contract may rebound in the short - term [8]. - **Hogs**: The feed price rebounds, and the de - capacity expectation is strengthened. Hold long positions in the 11 - contract [9]. - **Eggs**: The egg price is at a low level, and the cost collapse risk is partially released. Be cautious about short - selling, and radical investors can consider buying the 10 - contract [9]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 First Part: Sector Strategy Recommendation 3.1.1 Market Judgment - **Oilseeds**: Bean No.1 11 - contract may fluctuate, consider light - short positions; Bean No.2 09 - contract may be bullish, consider light - long positions; Peanut 10 - contract may rebound, consider light - long short - term positions [12]. - **Oils**: Soybean oil 01 - contract may be bullish, hold long positions; Rapeseed oil 09 - contract may rise, hold long positions; Palm 09 - contract may be bullish, hold long positions [12]. - **Protein**: Soybean meal 01 - contract may rise, hold long positions; Rapeseed meal 09 - contract may rise, buy at low positions [12]. - **Energy and By - products**: Corn 09 - contract may fluctuate, reduce short positions or shift to far - month contracts; Corn starch 09 - contract may fluctuate, reduce short positions or shift to far - month contracts [12]. - **Livestock Farming**: Hog 11 - contract may rebound, hold long positions; Egg 10 - contract may find the bottom, wait and see [12]. 3.1.2 Commodity Arbitrage - **Inter - delivery**: For most varieties, it is recommended to wait and see. For soybean meal 11 - 1, consider positive spread operations; for hogs 9 - 1 and eggs 9 - 1, consider positive spread operations at low positions [13][14]. - **Inter - variety**: For 09 soybean oil - palm oil, adopt a bearish operation; for 09 rapeseed oil - soybean oil, adopt a bullish operation; for 09 soybean oil - meal ratio, consider long positions [14]. 3.1.3 Basis and Spot - Futures Strategy The report provides the spot prices, price changes, and basis changes of various varieties, including oilseeds, oils, protein, energy and by - products, and livestock farming [15]. 3.2 Second Part: Key Data Tracking Table 3.2.1 Oils and Oilseeds - **Daily Data**: It includes the import cost data of soybeans, rapeseeds, and palm oil from different origins and different shipping dates [17][18]. - **Weekly Data**: It shows the inventory and开机率 of beans, rapeseeds, palm oil, and peanuts [19]. 3.2.2 Feed - **Daily Data**: It provides the import cost data of corn from Argentina and Brazil [19]. - **Weekly Data**: It shows the consumption, inventory,开机率, and inventory of corn and corn starch in deep - processing enterprises [20]. 3.2.3 Livestock Farming - **Hogs**: It provides the daily and weekly data of hog prices, piglet prices, pork wholesale prices, pig - grain ratio, etc. [21][25]. - **Eggs**: It provides the daily and weekly data of egg prices, culled chicken prices, production rate, inventory, etc. [22][24] 3.3 Third Part: Fundamental Tracking Chart - **Livestock Farming End (Hogs, Eggs)**: It includes the closing prices of hog and egg futures contracts, spot prices, piglet prices, chicken prices, etc. [27][35] - **Oils and Oilseeds**: It includes the production, inventory, export, and other data of palm oil, soybean oil, and peanuts [37][53] - **Feed End**: It includes the inventory, consumption, and processing profit data of corn, corn starch, rapeseeds, and soybean meal [56][69] 3.4 Fourth Part: Option Situation of Soybean Meal, Feed, Livestock Farming, and Oils The report provides the historical volatility and trading volume data of options related to various varieties [74][75] 3.5 Fifth Part: Warehouse Receipt Situation of Feed, Livestock Farming, and Oils The report shows the warehouse receipt data of various varieties, including rapeseed meal, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, palm oil, peanuts, corn, corn starch, hogs, and eggs [77][81]
方正中期期货新能源产业链日度策略-20250814
Report Summary 1. Market Logic and Trading Strategies Carbonate Lithium - **Market Logic**: On Wednesday, the SMM battery - grade carbonate lithium index price was 80,946 yuan/ton, up 2,822 yuan/ton from the previous trading day. Most enterprises were in a wait - and - see mood, but due to some downstream enterprises' rigid procurement needs and the upstream and traders' reluctance to sell, the transaction price of carbonate lithium spot continued to rise significantly. Last week, the output of carbonate lithium was 19,556 tons, an increase of 2,288 tons from the previous week. Since mid - July, there have been news disturbances in lithium production, increasing concerns about the production stability of Yichun lithium mica mines. The total sample inventory last week was 142,418 tons, rising 692 tons from the previous week. In the long - term, the demand growth rate of new energy vehicles is gradually declining as the penetration rate exceeds 50% [3]. - **Trading Strategy**: The price fluctuates in the short - term. Upstream and downstream enterprises are advised to seize hedging opportunities according to their own risk management needs. The support for the main contract is 75,000 - 80,000 yuan, and the resistance is 88,000 - 90,000 yuan [4]. Industrial Silicon - **Market Logic**: Driven by profits, the main production areas resumed production last week, with the operating rate significantly increasing. Thanks to the synchronous resumption of downstream polysilicon production and rising procurement demand, the inventory of industrial silicon manufacturers decreased slowly. However, the market speculative sentiment is relatively cautious, and the acceptance of high - price goods is still low. It is expected that the spot price of industrial silicon will remain stable in the short - term, and the futures trend may be more guided by news [5]. - **Trading Strategy**: The short - term supply - demand contradiction is limited, but the high - level inventory still suppresses the price. Policy support exists, and the anti - involution sentiment may fluctuate. It is recommended to go long at low prices or sell slightly out - of - the - money put options on dips. The support interval is 8,200 - 8,300 yuan, and the resistance interval is 9,200 - 9,300 yuan [6]. Polysilicon - **Market Logic**: There are rumors that the industry may reach a consensus on joint production cuts to control the output in August and promote the return of the total inventory to a reasonable range. If true, it may lead to large - scale inventory reduction. However, the terminal demand is still weak, and the upside space for prices is limited. The futures price has a large premium over the spot price, and the increasing warehouse receipts also put pressure on the market. It is expected that the polysilicon market will fluctuate widely at a high level [7]. - **Trading Strategy**: Existing long positions can be partially liquidated at high prices, and short put options sold at low prices can be hedged at high prices. The support level for the main contract is 47,000 - 48,000 yuan, and the resistance level is 55,000 - 56,000 yuan [7]. 2. Plate Strategy Recommendation and Spot - Futures Price Changes Plate Strategy Recommendation | Variety | Market Logic | Support Level | Resistance Level | Market Judgment | Reference Strategy | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Carbonate Lithium 09 | Driven by news | 65,000 - 66,000 yuan | 78,000 - 83,000 yuan | Oscillate strongly | Seize selling hedging opportunities, downstream cathode material enterprises focus on low - level stockpiling or buying hedging [13] | | Industrial Silicon 09 | Driven by news | 8,200 - 8,300 yuan | 9,200 - 9,300 yuan | Fluctuate widely | Sell put options on dips [13] | | Polysilicon 09 | Driven by news | 45,000 - 46,000 yuan | 55,000 - 56,000 yuan | Oscillate at a high level | Sell put options on dips [13] | Spot - Futures Price Changes | Variety | Closing Price | Change Rate | Trading Volume | Open Interest | Open Interest Change | Warehouse Receipts | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Carbonate Lithium | 85,100 yuan | 3.13% | 1,245,424 | 392,675 | 35,677 | 21,679 | | Industrial Silicon | 8,600 yuan | - 2.71% | 510,280 | 284,500 | 5,640 | 50,701 | | Polysilicon | 51,290 yuan | - 2.11% | 395,645 | 132,463 | - 3,592 | 5,150 | [13] | 3. Fundamental Data Carbonate Lithium - **Production and Inventory**: Last week, the output of carbonate lithium increased, and the inventory resumed its upward trend after a brief decline. The concentrated restocking on the demand side was remarkable, and the market's concern about supply stability is expected to support the lithium price [3]. - **Downstream**: Although the "two new" policies continue to support, the demand growth rate of new energy vehicles is gradually declining as the penetration rate exceeds 50% [3]. Industrial Silicon - **Production and Inventory**: The main production areas increased production last week, and the inventory of manufacturers decreased slowly due to the increase in downstream demand [5]. - **Downstream**: The downstream polysilicon industry resumed production, and the procurement demand increased [5]. Polysilicon - **Production and Inventory**: There are rumors of joint production cuts. If true, it may lead to inventory reduction. The terminal demand is weak, and the upside space for prices is limited [7]. - **Downstream**: The downstream demand has not weakened in the short - term, but the domestic demand may decline after the overseas policy window closes in the fourth quarter [7].
方正中期期货生鲜软商品板块日度策略报告-20250813
1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - **Sugar**: The short - term external market is strong, but the continuous upward space of sugar price is limited. It is expected to maintain range - bound. In China, the inventory pressure is low in July, but the concentrated arrival of third - quarter shipments and increased imports in the second half of the year will bring pressure to domestic sugar sales. The price is expected to stop falling and stabilize after a sharp correction [3]. - **Pulp**: The fundamentals of pulp and its downstream have changed little. The import volume in July was high, and the demand is in the off - season. The price is difficult to rebound. The price increase is difficult to be transmitted, but the price is less likely to return to the June low [5]. - **Cotton**: The external market may continue to bottom - hunting, and the domestic market is a game between tight spot supply and weak downstream consumption. The price may continue to fluctuate and sort out in the short term [7]. - **Apples**: The current focus is on the end of the old season and the realization of the new season. The initial production estimate cannot provide a trend guide. The price of early - maturing apples has risen, but the sustainability needs to be tracked. The overall price of the apple 10 contract is expected to fluctuate within a range [8]. - **Jujubes**: The inventory is being depleted, and the spot price is running strongly. The 2601 contract is recommended for long - holding, and attention should be paid to the impact of weather on production [10]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 First Part: Plate Strategy Recommendation - **Apples**: Temporarily wait and see. The support range is 7400 - 7500, and the pressure range is 8300 - 8400 [18]. - **Jujubes**: Hold long positions. The support range is 11000 - 11200, and the pressure range is 11500 - 12000 [18]. - **Sugar**: Try to go long when it回调 to the lower edge of the range. The support range is 5500 - 5530, and the pressure range is 5670 - 5700 [18]. - **Pulp**: Short on rallies. The support range is 5100 - 5200, and the pressure range is 5300 - 5400 [18]. - **Cotton**: Temporarily wait and see. The support range is 13500 - 13600, and the pressure range is 14200 - 14300 [18]. 3.2 Second Part: Market News Changes 3.2.1 Apple Market - **Fundamentals**: In June 2025, the export volume decreased. The inventory in cold storage decreased. There are different estimates of production, with a slight increase or decrease [19]. - **Spot Market**: The mainstream transaction price in Shandong is stable. The shipment volume is general. The price of early - maturing apples varies greatly. The arrival at the wholesale market is small, and the price is stable [20][21]. 3.2.2 Jujube Market As of August 8, the inventory decreased. The arrival at the sales area increased, and the spot price was strong. Attention should be paid to terminal consumption and shipment sustainability [22]. 3.2.3 Sugar Market The domestic spot price is stable, and the price of the ICE raw sugar main contract is 16.54 cents/pound. The estimated profit of Brazilian sugar processing is high [24]. 3.2.4 Pulp Market The transaction of imported bleached softwood pulp is light. The price increase is not accepted by buyers. The price of bleached hardwood pulp has increased, and two companies plan to reduce production [27]. 3.2.5 Cotton Market - Vietnam's cotton textile and clothing production data from January to July 2025 shows an increase in textile production and a decrease in clothing production. - Brazil's cotton picking progress is advancing, but lags behind last year. - Australia's cotton export volume increased significantly in June. - Pakistan's cotton imports increased significantly from July 2024 to June 2025. - Thailand's cotton imports increased in June. - Egypt's cotton net signing and shipment volume increased in the week ending August 9 [28][29]. 3.3 Third Part: Market Review 3.3.1 Futures Market Review | Variety | Closing Price | Daily Change | Daily Change Rate | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Apple 2510 | 8178 | 51 | 0.63% | | Jujube 2509 | 10385 | - 145 | - 1.38% | | Sugar 2509 | 5706 | 28 | 0.49% | | Pulp 2509 | 5216 | 14 | 0.27% | | Cotton 2601 | 13980 | 100 | 0.72% | [30] 3.3.2 Spot Market Review | Variety | Spot Price | Month - on - Month Change | Year - on - Year Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Apple (yuan/jin) | 3.90 | 0.00 | 0.15 | | Jujube (yuan/kg) | 9.40 | - 0.10 | - 5.30 | | Sugar (yuan/ton) | 5960 | 0 | - 540 | | Pulp (Shandong Yinxing) | 5850 | 0 | - 250 | | Cotton (yuan/ton) | 15177 | 16 | 407 | [33] 3.4 Fourth Part: Basis Situation No specific numerical analysis provided, only references to relevant figures [44][45][49]. 3.5 Fifth Part: Inter - Month Spread Situation | Variety | Spread | Current Value | Month - on - Month Change | Year - on - Year Change | Forecast | Recommended Strategy | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Apple | 10 - 1 | 193 | - 5 | 84 | Fluctuate repeatedly | Wait and see | | Jujube | 9 - 1 | - 1165 | - 1155 | - 580 | Range - bound | Wait and see | | Sugar | 9 - 1 | 98 | - 7 | - 235 | Range - bound | Wait and see | | Cotton | 1 - 5 | 70 | 20 | 105 | Range - bound | Temporarily wait and see | [51] 3.6 Sixth Part: Futures Positioning Situation No specific numerical analysis provided, only references to relevant figures [58][60][65]. 3.7 Seventh Part: Futures Warehouse Receipt Situation | Variety | Warehouse Receipt Quantity | Month - on - Month Change | Year - on - Year Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Apple | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Jujube | 9214 | 0 | - 970 | | Sugar | 17853 | - 387 | 1901 | | Pulp | 253327 | 1872 | - 239490 | | Cotton | 8087 | - 85 | - 2309 | [78] 3.8 Eighth Part: Option - Related Data No specific numerical analysis provided, only references to relevant figures [80][82][83].
养殖油脂产业链日度策略报告-20250813
1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided in the documents. 2. Core Views of the Report - **Soybean Oil**: The price of soybean oil continues to break through and rise. The market is worried about the supply of oilseeds in the fourth quarter due to the tense Sino - US and Sino - Canadian trade relations. The market is in a "weak reality + strong expectation" pattern. The 01 contract may continue to rise based on the 8400 level. Hold long positions and consider 1 - 5 positive spread operations [3]. - **Rapeseed Oil**: The procurement and arrival of domestic rapeseed have decreased, and the inventory has declined from the high point but is still at a relatively high level. The preliminary ruling on Canadian rapeseed may affect imports, and there is an expectation of inventory reduction. Hold long positions [3]. - **Palm Oil**: The July ending inventory of Malaysian palm oil was lower than expected, and the production in early August was poor. The increase in Indonesian export taxes in August may increase Malaysia's export share. Hold long positions [4]. - **Soybean Meal and Bean No. 2**: The Sino - US and Sino - Canadian trade relations are still tense, and there is a concern about the supply of oilseeds in the fourth quarter. Hold long positions for the 01 contract of soybean meal, and the 09 contract of bean No. 2 is expected to fluctuate and adjust [3][4]. - **Rapeseed Meal**: The potential reduction in rapeseed imports and the low spot price difference between soybean meal and rapeseed meal. There is an expectation of inventory reduction, and long positions can be held [3][5]. - **Corn and Corn Starch**: The external market is under pressure from the South American harvest and the expected increase in US planting area. The domestic market is affected by imported corn and the news of tightening imports. Suggest holding short positions cautiously [6]. - **Bean No. 1**: New soybeans in Hubei and other places are gradually on the market, and the market auction is not good. Try short positions lightly [6]. - **Peanuts**: The inventory in the producing areas is low, and the import is affected. The increase in planting area and the potential impact of drought in some areas. Consider reducing short positions for the 10 contract and shorting on rebounds for the 11 and 01 contracts [7]. - **Pigs**: The feed price rebounds, and the expectation of capacity reduction is strengthened. Hold long positions [8]. - **Eggs**: The egg price is at the end of the seasonal off - season, and the cost collapse risk is partially released. It is recommended to wait and see for the 09 contract, and aggressive investors can buy the 10 contract at low positions [8]. 3. Summary According to the Catalog 3.1 First Part: Plate Strategy Recommendation 3.1.1 Market Judgment - **Oilseeds**: Bean No. 1 is expected to fluctuate, and short positions can be tried lightly; Bean No. 2 is expected to fluctuate and adjust, and wait and see; Peanuts are expected to fluctuate weakly, and reduce short positions; Soybean oil is expected to fluctuate strongly, and hold long positions; Rapeseed oil is expected to rise, and hold long positions; Palm oil is expected to fluctuate strongly, and hold long positions [11]. - **Protein**: Soybean meal is expected to rise, and try long positions lightly; Rapeseed meal is expected to fluctuate strongly, and go long at low positions [11]. - **Energy and By - products**: Corn and corn starch are expected to fluctuate and sort out, and hold short positions cautiously [11]. - **Aquaculture**: Pigs are expected to rebound, and hold long positions; Eggs are expected to find the bottom, and wait and see [11]. 3.1.2 Commodity Arbitrage - **Inter - period Arbitrage**: For most varieties, it is recommended to wait and see. For soybean meal 11 - 1, conduct positive spread operations; for pigs 9 - 1 and eggs 9 - 1, conduct positive spread operations at low positions [12][13]. - **Inter - variety Arbitrage**: For some varieties, conduct short - biased or long - biased operations, and for others, wait and see [13]. 3.1.3 Basis and Spot - Futures Strategy Provide the spot price, price change, and basis and its change of various varieties [14]. 3.2 Second Part: Key Data Tracking Table 3.2.1 Oilseeds and Oils - **Daily Data**: Provide the import cost data of soybeans, rapeseeds, and palm oil, including arrival premium, futures price, CNF price, and arrival duty - paid price [16][17]. - **Weekly Data**: Provide the inventory, startup rate, etc. of soybeans, rapeseeds, palm oil, peanuts, etc. [18]. 3.2.2 Feed - **Daily Data**: Provide the import cost data of corn from different countries and months [18]. - **Weekly Data**: Provide the consumption, inventory, startup rate, and inventory of corn and corn starch in deep - processing enterprises [19]. 3.2.3 Aquaculture - Provide the daily and weekly data of pigs and eggs, including price, inventory, production rate, etc. [20][21][22][23][24] 3.3 Third Part: Fundamental Tracking Chart - **Aquaculture End (Pigs, Eggs)**: Provide charts of the closing price of the main contracts, spot price, etc. of pigs and eggs [26][28][29][32] - **Oilseeds and Oils**: Provide charts of production, inventory, profit, etc. of palm oil, soybean oil, and peanuts [36][46][50] - **Feed End**: Provide charts of inventory, consumption, profit, etc. of corn, corn starch, rapeseed, and soybean meal [54][56][58][65] 3.4 Fourth Part: Option Situation of Soybean Meal, Feed, Aquaculture, and Oils Provide charts of historical volatility, trading volume, and open interest of options of various varieties [71][73] 3.5 Fifth Part: Warehouse Receipt Situation of Feed, Aquaculture, and Oils Provide charts of the warehouse receipt quantity of various varieties [75][77]
方正中期期货有色金属日度策略-20250813
1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No information provided in the given content. 2. Core Views of the Report - The non - ferrous metals sector continues to experience oscillations. With the easing of geopolitical tensions, there is a rise in optimistic sentiment, and domestic industrial products, especially those priced in the domestic market, are showing a warming trend, benefiting related non - ferrous metal varieties. The market's expectation of a Fed rate cut in September is increasing, and the US dollar index is falling. Each metal variety has its own supply - demand characteristics and price trends. For example, the copper market is gradually entering a pattern of strong supply and demand, while the zinc market shows a situation of increasing supply and weak demand. [3][11] 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 First Part: Non - ferrous Metals Operation Logic and Investment Suggestions - **Macro Logic**: The non - ferrous metals sector oscillates. The implementation of the anti - involution policy in multiple domestic industries has affected the non - ferrous metals sector. The suspension of a 24% tariff between China and the US for 90 days, along with signs of easing geopolitical situations, has led to a partial recovery of non - ferrous metals. The market's expectation of a Fed rate cut has increased, and the US dollar is relatively weak. [11] - **Investment Suggestions for Each Metal**: - **Copper**: Supply is abundant in the short term, but demand is gradually picking up. It is advisable to gradually buy at low prices. The short - term upper pressure range is 80,000 - 82,000 yuan/ton, and the lower support range is 77,000 - 78,000 yuan/ton. [3] - **Zinc**: In the short term, it may fluctuate and rise, but in the medium term, it is advisable to short at high prices. The upper pressure is around 22,800 - 23,000 yuan, and the lower support is around 21,800 - 22,000 yuan. [4] - **Aluminum Industry Chain**: It is recommended to wait and see. For the 09 contract, the upper pressure range is 21,000 - 21,200 yuan, and the lower support range is 20,000 - 20,200 yuan. [5] - **Tin**: It is advisable to conduct short - term high - selling and low - buying operations. The upper pressure range is 270,000 - 290,000 yuan, and the lower support range is 250,000 - 255,000 yuan. [6] - **Lead**: It is advisable to hold long positions at low prices in the short term. The lower support is around 16,500 - 16,600 yuan, and the upper pressure is around 17,200 - 17,400 yuan. [7] - **Nickel and Stainless Steel**: Nickel can be shorted on rebounds in the medium term, while stainless steel shows a short - term upward trend. For nickel, the upper pressure is 123,000 - 125,000 yuan, and the lower support is 115,000 - 116,000 yuan. For stainless steel, the support is around 12,800 - 13,000 yuan, and the upper pressure is around 13,500 - 13,600 yuan. [8] 3.2 Second Part: Non - ferrous Metals Market Review - The closing prices and price changes of various non - ferrous metals are presented. For example, copper closed at 79,020 yuan with a 0.00% change, zinc at 22,630 yuan with a 0.18% change, etc. [15] 3.3 Third Part: Non - ferrous Metals Position Analysis - The net long - short strength comparison, net long - short position differences, and changes in net long and short positions of various non - ferrous metal contracts are provided, along with the influencing factors such as changes in the positions of major players. [17] 3.4 Fourth Part: Non - ferrous Metals Spot Market - The spot prices and price changes of non - ferrous metals such as copper, zinc, aluminum, and alumina are given. For example, the Yangtze River Non - ferrous copper spot price is 79,200 yuan/ton with a - 0.01% change. [18][20] 3.5 Fifth Part: Non - ferrous Metals Industry Chain - For each metal, relevant industry chain charts are provided, including inventory changes, processing fee changes, and price trends, which help to understand the supply - demand relationships and cost factors in the industry chain. [22][26][29] 3.6 Sixth Part: Non - ferrous Metals Arbitrage - Various arbitrage - related charts for non - ferrous metals are presented, such as the ratio changes between domestic and foreign markets, basis trends, and price differences between different contracts, which can be used for arbitrage operations. [60][61][63] 3.7 Seventh Part: Non - ferrous Metals Options - Charts related to the historical volatility, implied volatility, trading volume, and open interest of options for non - ferrous metals such as copper, zinc, and aluminum are provided, which can assist in option trading strategies. [77][79][82]
方正中期期货新能源产业链日度策略-20250813
1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - For lithium carbonate, the supply side has been affected by the suspension of mining operations at Jiangxi Jianxiawo and the announced suspension of Zangge Mining, increasing concerns about the production stability of Yichun lithium mica mines. Although the short - term demand - side restocking supports lithium prices, the growth rate of new energy vehicle demand is gradually declining. In the medium - to - long - term, the supply - demand situation of lithium carbonate is likely to change from surplus to shortage, and prices may return above 100,000 yuan in the third and fourth quarters [5][6]. - For industrial silicon, profit drives the resumption of production in major producing areas, and downstream demand has recovered. The inventory of manufacturers is slowly decreasing, but the market's acceptance of high - price goods is low. The spot price is expected to remain stable in the short term, and the futures trend is more influenced by news, with a strong policy support but limited upside space [7]. - For polysilicon, if the industry's joint production - cut agreement is true, it may lead to large - scale inventory reduction. However, the terminal demand is weak, and the upside space for prices is limited. The futures price is expected to fluctuate widely at a high level [9]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 First Part: Spot Price 3.1.1 Plate Strategy Recommendation - **Lithium Carbonate 09**: The market is driven by news, with a support level of 75,000 - 80,000 yuan and a pressure level of 100,000 - 120,000 yuan. It is expected to fluctuate strongly. Downstream cathode material enterprises are advised to pay attention to low - level stocking or buying hedging opportunities [15]. - **Industrial Silicon 09**: Driven by news, with a support level of 8,200 - 8,300 yuan and a pressure level of 9,200 - 9,300 yuan. It is expected to have a wide - range fluctuation. It is recommended to go long on dips or sell slightly out - of - the - money put options [15]. - **Polysilicon 09**: Driven by news, with a support level of 47,000 - 48,000 yuan and a pressure level of 55,000 - 56,000 yuan. It is expected to fluctuate at a high level. It is recommended to take partial profits or exit long positions on rallies and hedge short put options on rallies [15]. 3.1.2 Futures and Spot Price Changes - The closing price of lithium carbonate is 82,520 yuan, with a daily increase of 1.88%, a trading volume of 1,417,704 lots, an open interest of 356,998 lots, an increase of 39,322 lots in open interest, and 20,829 lots of warehouse receipts [16]. - The closing price of industrial silicon is 8,840 yuan, with a daily decrease of 1.78%, a trading volume of 520,504 lots, an open interest of 278,860 lots, an increase of 6,917 lots in open interest, and 50,658 lots of warehouse receipts [16]. - The closing price of polysilicon is 51,800 yuan, with a daily increase of 0.69%, a trading volume of 481,809 lots, an open interest of 136,055 lots, a decrease of 3,684 lots in open interest, and 4,940 lots of warehouse receipts [16]. 3.2 Second Part: Fundamental Situation 3.2.1 Lithium Carbonate Fundamental Data - **Production and Inventory**: Last week, the production of lithium carbonate was 19,556 tons, an increase of 2,288 tons from the previous week. The total sample inventory was 142,418 tons, an increase of 692 tons from the previous week. The short - term concern about supply stability supports lithium prices, but the growth rate of new energy vehicle demand is declining [5]. - **Downstream Situation**: No specific data provided, but graphs related to downstream products such as lithium iron phosphate and ternary materials are mentioned [26]. 3.2.2 Industrial Silicon Fundamental Data - **Production and Inventory**: Profit drives the resumption of production in Xinjiang, Yunnan, and Sichuan, and the downstream demand has recovered, resulting in a slow reduction of manufacturers' inventory. However, the market's acceptance of high - price goods is low, and the spot price is expected to remain stable in the short term [7]. - **Downstream Situation**: Graphs related to downstream products such as organic silicon DMC and aluminum alloy are mentioned [37]. 3.2.3 Polysilicon Fundamental Data - **Production and Inventory**: If the joint production - cut agreement is true, it may lead to large - scale inventory reduction. However, the terminal demand is weak, and the upside space for prices is limited [9]. - **Downstream Situation**: Graphs related to downstream products such as silicon wafers and photovoltaic modules are mentioned [43].
铜:狂欢后的落寞,8月沪铜短期承压
1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The exemption of import tariffs on electrolytic copper in the US will change the global copper trade pattern, and the copper resources flowing to Europe and Asia will increase. The domestic copper market fundamentals are expected to weaken in August, with demand dropping to the annual low and inventory starting to rise. The copper price is expected to face short - term pressure, but the downside space is limited. The copper price may reach the second high of the year in the fourth quarter [8][113]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 Global Macro and Copper Market - China's economy showed good performance in the first half of the year, with GDP growth exceeding expectations. Policy support may enter a vacuum period in the third quarter. The domestic copper demand is expected to decline to a relative low in the third quarter, and the demand in the fourth quarter may be better than that in the third quarter. In the US, the manufacturing industry showed a phased contraction in the third quarter, and the overseas macro situation is expected to be bearish for copper prices in August [11][14][18]. 3.2 Copper Supply Situation Analysis - **Mine End**: The global copper mine supply was relatively loose in the second quarter, but the annual growth rate is expected to be low. The supply of copper concentrates is still tight, and the supply gap in 2025 is expected to exceed 1.1 million metric tons. The tight supply at the mine end has not yet affected the smelting end, and the domestic refined copper production has reached a new high. However, the constraints on electrolytic copper production are increasing, and the production is expected to decline in the second half of the year [23][30][39]. - **Recycled Copper**: The supply of recycled copper resources remains tight, which will restrict the domestic electrolytic copper production [46]. - **Import and Export**: The US's exemption of import tariffs on electrolytic copper will end its siphoning effect on global copper resources. The domestic smelting plants' export willingness will decline, and the domestic supply will increase [50]. 3.3 Copper Demand Situation Analysis - **Copper Products**: The domestic copper products output reached a record high in the first quarter and declined in the second quarter. The copper demand is expected to be weak in August and better in the fourth quarter. The annual output of copper products is expected to increase by more than 3% year - on - year [55]. - **Sub - sectors**: The output of refined copper rods, copper tubes, copper bars, and copper strips is expected to decline in August. The output of copper foil has increased against the trend, and the demand for new energy vehicles and power grid investment will continue to support copper demand [58][74][87]. 3.4 Copper Inventory Change Analysis - The global copper inventory showed a downward trend in the first half of 2025, with prominent structural contradictions. After the US exempted import tariffs on electrolytic copper, the global copper trade pattern will change, and the non - US copper supply will be relatively loose, suppressing copper prices [93]. 3.5 Global Copper Supply - Demand Balance - The global refined copper supply - demand structure was tight in 2025, with a supply gap of more than 1.1 million metric tons. The supply gap is expected to narrow gradually from 2026 [97]. 3.6 Copper Position Analysis - The total position of COMEX copper futures and options first rose and then fell in the first half of the year, and started to increase in July. The net long position showed an upward trend, and the capital's driving effect on copper prices was still obvious [104]. 3.7 Arbitrage Analysis - The Shanghai - London copper ratio is expected to remain volatile in August. The copper - zinc ratio is expected to continue to rise in the second half of the year [109]. 3.8 Copper Market Outlook and Operation Suggestions - The copper market fundamentals are expected to weaken in August, and the copper price will face short - term pressure. The downstream demand side is advised to slow down the pricing rhythm, and traders holding spot resources are advised to participate in selling hedging operations. The support range for the Shanghai copper main contract price is expected to be 77,000 - 78,000 yuan/ton, and the pressure range is expected to be 79,000 - 80,000 yuan/ton [113].
铝产业链:情绪变化叠加淡季行情,价格或将偏弱运行
1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Since July, the Shanghai Aluminum futures have fluctuated, rising first and then falling, driven by sector resonance and cost - side logic. Alumina has experienced significant fluctuations under the so - called "anti - involution" drive, but the impact on the alumina industry is limited. Cast aluminum alloy's trend is similar to that of Shanghai Aluminum, slightly stronger, with a slightly upward - shifted center of gravity after July's fluctuations. Overall, except for alumina, the aluminum industry chain has been relatively calm and deviated from the fundamentals [94]. - Fundamentally, the upstream of the industry chain remains relatively loose. Ore imports have increased, and domestic mine activities are relatively few. Alumina production capacity utilization is high, and new capacity is gradually being put into operation. Electrolytic aluminum plants have high operating capacity due to cost reduction and profit increase. The downstream processing industry shows a slack - season performance, but profiles, primary alloys, and cable sectors are relatively strong. In the terminal market, State Grid orders in the first half of the year boosted the demand for aluminum cables, but now it's the seasonal slack season with reduced demand. In the third quarter, new centralized tenders are expected to stabilize and improve the situation. The end of the photovoltaic rush - installation in the first half and the "anti - involution" in the photovoltaic field have cooled the related industries, and it's hard to see improvement in the next 1 - 2 months. Other traditional demand terminals are relatively stable, with the growth of the automotive industry, especially new - energy vehicles, expected to slow down. The real - estate sector is still at the bottom, and the home - appliance industry shows resilience due to policy support. In August, the downstream aluminum processing industry is still in the slack season, and it's difficult for the operating rate to increase significantly in the short term. Low ingot volume in the industry leads to a continuous decline in inventory, and low inventory levels make price fluctuations more likely [94]. - In August, after the "anti - involution" cools down, the commodity market will adjust, and the non - ferrous sector, which has limited previous gains, will also be affected. Alumina will be most affected, and aluminum and aluminum alloy prices are also difficult to maintain at high levels. Attention should be paid to the warehouse - receipt level near the delivery date to prevent short - term price fluctuations. Shanghai Aluminum is expected to fluctuate weakly in the range of 20,000 - 20,800; Alumina may return to around 3000, with a main operating range of 2900 - 3500; Cast aluminum alloy will also run weakly in the range of 19,500 - 20,200 [94]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Market Review - **Alumina**: The MA5 of the Alumina main - contract (SHFE 6273) is 3357.60, MA10 is 3326.40, MA20 is 3217.10, MA40 is 3067.30, and MA60 is 3041.18 [6]. - **Aluminum**: The MA5 of the Shanghai Aluminum main - contract (SHFE 2214) is 20672.00, MA10 is 20681.50, MA20 is 20614.75, MA40 is 20499.25, and MA60 is 20337.83 [8]. - **Cast Aluminum Alloy**: The MA5 of the Aluminum Alloy main - contract (SHFE 6463) is 20073.00, MA10 is 20068.50, and MA20 is 19962.50 [10]. 2. Upstream of the Industrial Chain - **Bauxite**: In June 2025, China imported 18.12 million tons of bauxite, a year - on - year increase of 1.8%; from January to June, the cumulative import volume reached 103.4 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 34%. From January to May 2025, China's bauxite production was 22.017 million tons, a cumulative year - on - year decrease of 9.38%. Due to environmental protection and resource depletion, domestic bauxite production has declined, and the degree of external dependence will increase in the long term, but short - term fluctuations may be affected by factors such as shipping costs and geopolitics [15]. - **Alumina**: In June 2025, China's alumina production was 7.749 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 7.8%; from January to June, the cumulative production was 45.151 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 9.3%. Since 2024, alumina production has shown a slight increase, and in 2025, with the resumption of production and new capacity, the growth rate has further increased, and it is expected to achieve double - digit growth for the whole year. As of July 25, 2025, the total alumina inventory (market + factory) was 1.7235 million tons, and it is expected to continue to rise slightly in the second half of the year [20][23]. 3. Middle - Stream of the Industrial Chain - **Primary Aluminum Import**: In June 2025, China's primary aluminum import volume was about 1.924 million tons, a month - on - month decrease of 13.8% and a year - on - year increase of 58.7%. From January to June, the cumulative import volume was about 12.499 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 2.5%. Since 2024, primary aluminum imports have increased significantly, and it is expected to remain at a high level in the future [29]. - **Electrolytic Aluminum Capacity**: The total electrolytic aluminum capacity is relatively stable with a slight increase. Since 2024, the operating capacity has continued to grow due to sufficient hydropower in the southwest and new capacity investment. In 2025, with the decline in alumina prices and the increase in profits, the operating capacity has maintained a high - level operation [32]. - **Electrolytic Aluminum Production**: In June 2025, the electrolytic aluminum production was 3.809 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 3.4%; from January to June, the cumulative production was 22.379 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 3.3%. In June, the domestic electrolytic aluminum production increased by 1.57% year - on - year and decreased by 3.23% month - on - month. It is expected that the aluminum - water ratio will decline in July [35]. - **Aluminum Plant Profits**: As of July 29, 2025, the full cost of self - supplied power aluminum plants is about 14,227 yuan/ton, with an immediate profit of 652 yuan/ton; the full cost of grid - connected power aluminum plants is about 18,455 yuan/ton, with an immediate profit of 2,124 yuan/ton, maintaining a high level [39]. - **Aluminum Ingot Inventory**: In 2024, the aluminum ingot inventory change was small. In 2025, the inventory first decreased and then increased. Now it has entered the slack season and is in the process of slight inventory accumulation [42]. 4. Downstream of the Industrial Chain - **Aluminum Processing Industry**: Since 2023, the overall operating rate of the aluminum processing industry has been low, except for the aluminum foil and aluminum plate - strip sectors with an operating rate of 70% - 90%. In 2025, after the Spring Festival, the resumption of work varied. In the slack season, the operating rate of each sector declined, but the profile sector showed a slight increase [50]. - **Aluminum Alloy Import and Export**: In June 2025, the import volume of un - wrought aluminum alloy was 77,400 tons, a year - on - year decrease of 12.3% and a month - on - month decrease of 20.2%. From January to June, the cumulative import volume was 542,300 tons, a year - on - year decrease of 11.6%. The export volume in June was 25,800 tons, a year - on - year increase of 23.8% and a month - on - month increase of 66%. From January to June, the cumulative export volume was 120,300 tons, a year - on - year increase of 3.1% [53]. - **Recycled Aluminum Alloy Production**: From January to June 2025, China's recycled aluminum alloy ingot production reached 3.5593 million tons, a cumulative year - on - year increase of 20.65% [56]. - **Aluminum Alloy Inventory**: Since 2025, the aluminum alloy ingot inventory has increased, especially after entering the slack season in May, and it is expected to continue to rise in the short term [59]. - **Aluminum Product Export**: In June 2025, China exported 489,000 tons of un - wrought aluminum and aluminum products; from January to June, the cumulative export volume was 2.918 million tons, a year - on - year decrease of 8.0%. Affected by global trade barriers and tariffs, aluminum product exports may continue to decline [63]. 5. Industrial Chain Terminals - **Real Estate**: In the first half of 2025, real - estate investment, sales area, and new - construction area all declined. The real - estate market is still at the bottom, and it will take time to recover [69][72]. - **Automobile**: In June 2025, automobile production and sales were 2.794 million and 2.904 million respectively, a year - on - year increase of 1.4% and 13.8%. From January to June, the cumulative production and sales were 15.621 million and 15.653 million respectively, a year - on - year increase of 12.5% and 11.4%. The development of new - energy vehicles is rapid, but there is an "anti - involution" expectation, and the growth rate may slow down [75]. - **Home Appliance**: In June 2025, the production of air - conditioners, refrigerators, and washing machines increased to varying degrees. However, since 2025, the growth rate of the three major home appliances has slowed down, and it is expected to weaken further in the second half of the year [78]. - **Power Grid Investment**: During the "14th Five - Year Plan" period, China plans to invest 388 billion yuan in 38 UHV projects. In 2025, at least 2 AC and 4 DC UHV lines will start construction. From January to June, the national power grid project investment was 254 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 23.7%, and it is expected to maintain high - speed growth [81]. - **Photovoltaic**: From January to June 2025, the cumulative photovoltaic installed capacity in China was 212.2 GW, a year - on - year increase of 107%. It is expected that China's new photovoltaic installed capacity will reach 250 GW in 2025, and the global new installed capacity will reach about 580 GW. After the end of the first - half rush - installation and the "anti - involution" in the photovoltaic field, the industry has cooled down [84]. - **Recycled Aluminum Import**: In June 2025, China imported 156,000 tons of scrap aluminum, a month - on - month decrease of 2.6% and a year - on - year increase of 11.4%. From January to June, the cumulative import volume was 1.012 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 6.9%. The import of scrap aluminum is expected to remain strong due to the large price difference between refined and scrap aluminum [87]. 6. Supply - Demand Balance - **Alumina**: In 2025, the supply of alumina has become more relaxed, and it is expected to maintain this state in the second half of the year [88]. - **Electrolytic Aluminum**: In 2025, the supply - demand situation of electrolytic aluminum has deteriorated compared with 2024, and the degree of oversupply is expected to be more serious [89]. 7. Aluminum Price Seasonal Analysis Based on a 5 - year statistics up to 2025, the expected return of aluminum price from January 1st to December 31st is 1.15%, with 3 times of price increase and 2 times of price decrease. The maximum amplitude is 9.05%, the minimum amplitude is 4.63%, and the average amplitude is 6.56% [92].
聚酯产业链期货8月报告:宏观高不确定性,行情寻找方向-20250804
1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The polyester industry chain is facing high macro - uncertainty, and the market is seeking a direction. Each product in the chain has different supply - demand and cost situations, which will affect their prices. For example, crude oil prices may be strong first and then weak, PX prices are expected to be first up and then down, PTA may have a weak fundamental situation with a possible downward trend in absolute price, and ethylene glycol and polyester staple fiber prices may also fluctuate based on their supply - demand and cost conditions [4][16][49][94][137]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Polyester Industry Chain Market Review - In July 2025, the polyester industry chain was significantly affected by market sentiment, with prices rising first and then falling. In the first half of the month, prices were in a sideways shock due to limited supply - demand changes. In the second half, prices rose with the "anti - involution" sentiment and then declined at the end of the month [4]. 3.2 Crude Oil - In July 2025, crude oil prices were in a narrow - range shock due to the confrontation between production increase and peak demand. The price soared due to the expected sanctions on Russia. In August, supply is expected to continue to rise, demand may decline steadily, and prices may be strong first and then weak, with attention needed on tariff negotiations and US sanctions on Russia [9][16]. 3.3 PX - In July 2025, PX supply was stable with开工 around 80%. PX - Nap spread was strong. In August, supply will increase, but demand will also rise due to PTA's new capacity, and the spread will remain strong. PX is expected to continue de - stocking, and its price is predicted to be first up and then down, with an operation suggestion of range - band trading [29][43][49]. 3.4 PTA - In July 2025, PTA prices first decreased and then increased, with processing fees reaching a record low. In August, supply will increase due to new capacity, demand will remain stable, and PTA is expected to accumulate inventory. The price may decline under cost guidance, and it is recommended to short at high prices [51][65][94]. 3.5 Ethylene Glycol - In July 2025, ethylene glycol prices were supported by low inventory and then rose due to cost and market sentiment, and fell at the end of the month. In August, supply will increase, demand will remain stable, and the inventory is expected to remain low. The price may decline under cost influence, and it is recommended to short on rebounds [97][115][137]. 3.6 Polyester Staple Fiber - In July 2025, polyester staple fiber had weak supply - demand, and its price followed the cost with a first - up - then - down trend. In 2025, the capacity expansion slowed down, and the production increased month - on - month but decreased year - on - year. The processing fee fluctuated around the break - even line [140][146].
贵金属:美联储降息临近,贵金属有望开启新一轮上涨
1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The approach of the Fed's interest rate cut is expected to trigger a new round of upward trend in precious metals [2]. - With the US employment market showing signs of weakness and the White House's increasing influence on the Fed, once the independence of the Fed's monetary policy is shaken, the prices of gold and silver will gain strong upward momentum [35]. - The US dollar is in the early stage of a new downward cycle, and the prices of gold and silver denominated in US dollars have the macro - logic to rise continuously in the next 10 years [38]. - The current gold and silver markets are in the third - round bull market, and there is still significant room for price increases in the future [74][77]. - There is a high probability that shorting the gold - silver ratio will become a market consensus in the second half of the year, and silver may become one of the best - performing commodities [69][80]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 First Part: Market Review Gold - In July, gold entered a low - volatility period. Shanghai gold had a cumulative monthly increase of only 0.35%, while London gold fell 0.72% with the lowest monthly volatility since April [13]. - Factors affecting the gold market in July included the passage of the "Big and Beautiful" Act, better - than - expected US non - farm payrolls data, the cease - fire in the Middle East, concerns about the Fed's independence, new tariff agreements between the US and Japan and the EU, and the "Genius Act" that diverted funds to cryptocurrencies [13][14]. Silver - In July, the silver market experienced a roller - coaster ride. London silver rose 1.44% with an amplitude over 10%, and Shanghai silver rose 2.5% with an amplitude over 9% [16]. - In the first three weeks of July, the risk appetite increased, and factors such as the passage of the "Big and Beautiful" Act, strong non - farm payrolls data, and Russia's inclusion of silver in foreign reserves boosted silver prices. In the last week, factors like the decline in copper prices, the fall in gold prices, and the rise of cryptocurrencies led to a sharp correction in silver prices [16]. 3.2 Second Part: Macro Logic Manufacturing Reshoring and the Decline of the US Dollar's Reserve Currency Status - The US dollar index has declined by 10% since the beginning of the year. The "Lake Tahoe Agreement" aims to reshape the US economy by increasing tariffs and promoting manufacturing reshoring, which may lead to a decline in the US dollar's status as a reserve currency. Central banks around the world are accelerating the process of "de - dollarization" and increasing their gold holdings [21]. The Pennsylvania Plan - This plan aims to patch the flaws in the Lake Tahoe Agreement by shifting the demand for US Treasury bonds from external to domestic. It uses regulatory measures, tax incentives, and other means to encourage domestic capital to buy US Treasury bonds, with stablecoins as a financial innovation tool [22]. US Employment and Inflation - In the first half of 2025, the US economy showed resilience, but in July, non - farm payrolls data were worse than expected, and the previous two months' data were significantly revised downward. Inflation has shown signs of rising, and the market's expectation of a Fed rate cut in September has increased [31][34]. The Fed's Interest Rate Policy - The Fed has kept interest rates unchanged since December last year. With the weakening of the US employment market, the influence of the White House on the Fed is expected to increase. Once the independence of the Fed's monetary policy is shaken, the prices of gold and silver will rise [35]. The US Dollar Cycle - The US dollar has a cycle of about 17 years, and currently, it is at the beginning of a new downward cycle. The negative correlation between precious metals and the US dollar has been challenged, and a decline in the US dollar index will strongly boost the prices of gold and silver [38]. The Changing Role of Gold's Safe - Haven Attribute - Gold's safe - haven attribute has weakened, and future price increases may require a re - definition of gold, such as its role as an anti - inflation asset or a risk asset [41]. The Increase in US Treasury Bond Scale - The US federal government's debt is expected to continue to rise, and historically, an increase in debt has been associated with rising gold prices [44]. 3.3 Third Part: Fundamental Logic Central Bank Gold Purchases - In 2025, the pace of central bank gold purchases has slowed down, but the total amount is still considerable. Most central banks expect to increase their gold reserves in the next 12 months, which will support gold prices [50]. Gold Investment Demand - In the first half of the year, gold investment demand increased significantly, especially the demand for gold ETFs. This growth offset the slowdown in central bank gold purchases and supported gold prices [53]. Global Physical Silver Supply and Demand - The supply of silver has been growing slowly, mainly due to limited growth in mined silver and recycled silver. The demand for silver in the industrial sector, especially in the photovoltaic and automotive industries, has increased significantly. The global silver market has been in a supply - shortage situation for four consecutive years, and the shortage is expected to continue in 2025 [57][60][64]. Silver's Undervaluation and the Gold - Silver Ratio - Silver is considered undervalued compared to gold and copper. The gold - silver ratio has been high this year but has started to repair since June, and this trend is expected to strengthen in the second half of the year [69]. 3.4 Fourth Part: Summary and Outlook - In August, gold is expected to break through and rise. The price of London gold is expected to be between $3250 - 3300/oz and $3500 - 3600/oz, and the price of Shanghai gold is expected to be between 770 - 780 yuan/g and 830 - 850 yuan/g [79][80]. - Silver may have a strong rebound. In July, although it adjusted in the short term, its medium - and long - term upward logic remains unchanged. The price of London silver is expected to be between $36 - 37/oz and $40 - 42/oz, and the price of Shanghai silver is expected to be between 9000 - 9100 yuan/kg and 9700 - 9800 yuan/kg [79][80].