固收研究报告 关注机构季节性配置会否开启 —— 固收周报（11 月 17 日-11 月 21 日） 2025 证 11 证 22 证 ⚫ 本周债市回顾： 利率震荡回 升，收益率曲线走陡 本周（ 11/17 -11/21 ）债市收益率整体上行，主要受股债跷跷板、地缘影响与地产贴息 预期等影响 , 截至 11/21 ，30Y、10Y 、1Y 国债收益率分别变化 +1.85BP 、+0.57BP 、 -0.56BP 收于 2.16% 、1.82% 、1.40% ，30Y-10Y 、10Y -1Y 期限利差分别较上周变 化+0.69BP 、+1.22BP 收于 34.1BP 、41.6BP 。证证 10Y 证证证证证证证证证证证证 1证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证 2证证证证证证证证证证证证 证 ⚫ 下周 债市展望： 临近月末关注资金面跨月情况 基本面来看， 证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证 证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证 证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证证 证 后续关注 四方面变化： 1 ）经济数据显示供需收缩，后续 P ...

Economic Outlook - The Chinese economy is expected to achieve a real GDP growth of 5.0% in 2026, with nominal GDP growth projected at 4.8%[22] - The retail sales of consumer goods are anticipated to grow by 4.7%, supported by policies encouraging durable goods consumption[22] - Fixed asset investment is forecasted to increase by 2.4%, with manufacturing investment maintaining a high growth rate[22] Inflation and Prices - CPI is expected to rise by 0.4%, while PPI is projected to decline by 1.1%[22] - The combination of internal demand stimulation and anti-involution policies is expected to drive a mild recovery in prices[22] Policy Environment - Fiscal policy will maintain continuity and stability, with a deficit rate of 4% and special bonds totaling CNY 1.3 trillion planned[22] - Monetary policy is expected to remain moderately loose, with interest rates projected to decrease by 10-20 basis points and a reserve requirement ratio cut of 50 basis points[22] Investment Opportunities - The Chinese stock market is viewed positively for 2026, with expectations of excess returns due to a gradual bottoming of housing prices and steady currency appreciation[24] - The internal conditions are improving, with a focus on counter-cyclical policies and a stable liquidity environment[24] Global Context - The U.S. is expected to experience a shift in focus towards domestic economic growth, potentially benefiting China's export environment[24] - Global trade demand is projected to remain stable, with China's manufacturing advantages continuing to manifest[22]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the telecommunications sector, highlighting opportunities in communication operators, artificial intelligence, satellite internet, and quantum technology [2][3]. Core Insights - The telecommunications sector is experiencing a downturn, with a weekly index drop of 4.77%. However, sub-sectors such as communication network technology services and industry applications have shown better performance [7][6]. - Significant advancements have been made in cutting-edge technologies, including quantum computing and 6G communication, which are expected to drive future growth [5][16]. - The report emphasizes the importance of the upcoming 6G technology, which is projected to be a key growth driver for the telecommunications industry [22][29]. Summary by Sections Market Performance - The telecommunications sector index fell by 4.77% over the past week, with specific sub-sectors performing relatively well [7][6]. - Notable performance metrics include a 31.30% increase in certain stocks, while others saw declines of up to 14.29% [11][15]. Industry Development and Key Events - The "Tianyan-287" superconducting quantum computer has been successfully built, marking a significant milestone in quantum computing [16]. - Major tech companies are competing in the space computing arena, with initiatives from Nvidia, SpaceX, and Google indicating a shift towards space-based AI infrastructure [22][24]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on specific stocks within the telecommunications sector, including 300308, 300502, 300383, 601869, and 688027, among others [2][5]. - The emphasis is placed on sectors such as AI, satellite internet, and quantum technology as promising areas for investment [2][5].

Group 1: Fiscal Revenue Trends - Broad fiscal revenue showed a slight decline, with a growth rate of only 0.2% from January to October 2025[1] - Tax revenue is expected to achieve the annual budget growth target, with a cumulative increase of 0.8% during the same period[4] - The structure of tax revenue improved, with stamp duty (including securities transaction stamp duty) growing significantly by 29.5%[10] Group 2: Government Fund Income - Government fund income from land sales decreased significantly, with a year-on-year decline of 2.8% from January to October 2025[12] - The land income showed a notable drop in October, with a decrease of 7.4% compared to the previous month[12] Group 3: Special Bonds and Expenditure - The issuance of special bonds slowed down, leading to a significant drop in secondary account expenditures, which fell by 38.2% in October 2025[16] - Infrastructure spending growth rate decreased, with a decline of 9.8% from January to October 2025[16]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommended" rating for the transportation industry [4]. Core Views - The transportation sector has shown a cumulative increase of 1.83% from November 10 to November 15, 2025, outperforming the Shanghai Composite Index, which decreased by 1.08% [14][15]. - The recovery rates for domestic and international passenger traffic in major airlines and airports have significantly improved compared to 2019 levels, indicating a positive trend in the aviation sector [24][32]. - The shipping and logistics sectors are experiencing mixed performance, with container shipping indices showing a decline year-on-year, while oil and product tanker indices have increased significantly [36][47]. Summary by Sections Industry Performance Overview - The transportation industry ranked 13th among 31 sectors with a cumulative increase of 1.83% during the week [14]. - Sub-sectors such as ports (+7.44%) and airports (+5.28%) performed particularly well, while cross-border logistics (-1.37%) and road freight (-0.68%) faced declines [15][23]. Aviation and Airports - Major airlines in China have seen recovery rates for domestic Available Seat Kilometers (ASK) in September 2025 reach as high as 176.49% compared to the same month in 2019 [24]. - Key airports like Baiyun, Shanghai, and Capital have also shown strong recovery in passenger throughput, with rates of 125.22% and 115.87% for international traffic [32]. Shipping and Ports - The Shanghai Containerized Freight Index (SCFI) has decreased by 35.55% year-on-year, while the China Containerized Freight Index (CCFI) has shown a 23.97% decline [36]. - The CCFI for the East America route reported a decrease of 18.31% year-on-year, while the Mediterranean route saw a decline of 28.56% [36]. Road and Rail - Rail passenger turnover increased by 0.4% year-on-year, while freight volume rose by 4.24% [61]. - Road passenger traffic decreased by 3.82%, but freight volume increased by 5.20% [67]. Logistics and Express Delivery - The express delivery sector achieved a revenue of 127.37 billion yuan in September 2025, marking a 7.20% increase year-on-year [10]. - The industry is witnessing a shift towards smaller packages driven by e-commerce, with a notable increase in business volume [8]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on airlines such as China National Aviation (601111.SH), Southern Airlines (600029.SH), and logistics companies like Huamao Logistics (603128.SH) for potential investment opportunities [9][10].

Investment Rating - The report suggests a positive outlook for the steel industry, indicating a recovery in profitability and a focus on supply-side reforms [4][29]. Core Insights - The steel industry has shown significant improvement in profitability during the first three quarters of 2025, with total profits reaching 96 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 190% [4][6]. - The report highlights the implementation of supply-side reforms aimed at optimizing the structure of steel products and controlling production capacity [4][13]. - The demand for steel is expected to benefit from manufacturing upgrades and AI transformation, with a focus on high-end product development [4][29]. Summary by Sections 1. Industry Profit Recovery and Supply-Side Policies - In the first three quarters of 2025, the cumulative operating revenue of key steel enterprises was 4.56 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 2.36%, while total profits reached 96 billion yuan, marking a significant recovery [4][6]. - The production of crude steel was 746 million tons, down 2.9% year-on-year, while steel consumption fell by 5.7% [4][6]. - The report notes that the sales profit margin increased to 2.1%, up 1.39 percentage points year-on-year [4][6]. 2. Fund Holdings in the Steel Sector - As of September 30, 2025, the number of fund holdings in the steel sector increased to 41, with a total holding value of 21.99 billion yuan, up 22.44% year-on-year [4][17]. - The report indicates that the steel sector's holdings accounted for 0.50% of total fund holdings, with a notable increase in the number of holdings during the first and third quarters [4][17]. 3. Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on leading companies in the ordinary steel sector that are expected to benefit from improved supply-demand dynamics, as well as companies in the special steel sector with strong fundamentals [4][29].

Domestic Economic Overview - In October, China's economic data showed contractions in both supply and demand, but structural highlights remain in consumption upgrades and new productivity[1] - The retail sales of passenger cars in the first week of November dropped by 18.8% year-on-year, while metro passenger volume increased by 4.0% year-on-year[2] - Fixed asset investment from January to October decreased by 1.7% year-on-year, indicating a need for increased investment to support economic growth[7] Production and Pricing Trends - As of November 16, the operating rate of blast furnaces was 82.79%, down 0.36 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a seasonal decline in production[3] - The Consumer Price Index (CPI) showed a 0.19% week-on-week drop in pork prices, while vegetable prices stabilized with a 0.14% increase[4] - The Producer Price Index (PPI) reflected mixed performance in black commodities, with coking coal prices down by 3.86% and iron ore prices up by 0.53%[7] Fiscal and Monetary Policy - The issuance of special refinancing bonds has been completed, with general government bonds issued amounting to 3093.2 billion yuan, achieving 89.5% of the issuance target[7] - The People's Bank of China conducted a 800 billion yuan reverse repurchase operation, indicating a policy intent to maintain liquidity in the banking system[7] - The yield curve for government bonds has flattened, with the 10-year yield at 1.8140% and the 30-year yield at 2.1481%[7] International Economic Context - The U.S. government ended a 43-day shutdown, with potential losses estimated at 1.5 trillion USD, impacting economic data releases[8] - New tariffs have been signed by Trump, adjusting the scope of "reciprocal tariffs" and affecting trade relations with multiple countries[8] - The Federal Reserve faces uncertainty regarding inflation data due to the risk of missing October's CPI release, complicating monetary policy decisions[8]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a rating for the company [3] Core Insights - The company is projected to experience a slight revenue decline in 2024, with total revenue expected to be 1,160,311 million, a decrease of 8.2% from the previous year. However, a gradual recovery is anticipated, with revenue growth of 1.3% in 2026 and 2.1% in 2027 [8][9] - The company's net profit is forecasted to decrease to 30,758 million in 2024, with a further decline to 29,463 million in 2025, before recovering to 30,607 million in 2026 and 31,522 million in 2027 [8][9] - The gross margin is expected to remain stable at around 9.8% to 9.9% over the forecast period, indicating consistent operational efficiency [8] Financial Projections - The balance sheet shows total assets of 2,256,414 million in 2024, with a projected decrease to 2,117,710 million in 2025, followed by a recovery to 2,202,455 million in 2026 and 2,293,484 million in 2027 [8] - The company’s cash flow from operating activities is expected to improve significantly, rising from 28,051 million in 2024 to 89,684 million in 2027 [8] - The report highlights a projected EBITDA of 73,624 million in 2024, increasing to 80,367 million in 2025, indicating a positive trend in earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization [8] Key Ratios - The report indicates a projected return on equity (ROE) of 7.9% in 2024, declining to 6.8% by 2026, reflecting potential challenges in generating shareholder returns [8] - The debt-to-equity ratio is forecasted to be 342.3% in 2024, indicating a high level of leverage, which may pose risks in terms of financial stability [8] - The current ratio is projected to be 0.99 in 2024, suggesting that the company may face liquidity challenges in meeting short-term obligations [8]

Investment Rating - The report assigns a "Buy" rating to China Tower Corporation Limited (0788.HK) [9] Core Views - China Tower is positioned as a global leader in communication infrastructure, focusing on a "one body, two wings" strategy that enhances its growth potential [9][11] - The company has shown steady revenue growth and strong cash flow, with a projected increase in net profit from 10,729 million yuan in 2024 to 17,435 million yuan in 2027 [5][15] - The company benefits from a high market share and a diversified business model, with significant contributions from its tower, indoor distribution, smart connection, and energy businesses [11][15] Summary by Sections 1. Company Overview - China Tower was established in July 2014 by three major telecom operators and has since become a key player in the communication infrastructure sector, achieving over 97% market share in China [11][15] - The company has diversified its operations into smart connection and energy sectors, enhancing its service offerings and market reach [11][15] 2. Financial Performance - The company reported a revenue of 97,772 million yuan in 2024, with a growth rate of 4%, and a net profit of 10,729 million yuan, reflecting a 10% increase [5][15] - For the first three quarters of 2025, the company achieved a revenue of 743.19 billion yuan, up 2.6%, and a net profit of 87.08 billion yuan, up 6.8% [15][18] 3. Business Segments - The tower business accounted for approximately 76% of total revenue, while the smart connection and energy businesses contributed 9.5% and 4.6%, respectively [11][15] - The company has established a robust energy business, becoming a leading player in the light electric vehicle battery swap market with over 50% market share [11][15] 4. Market Position and Strategy - China Tower's strategy of resource sharing and infrastructure specialization has led to significant economic and social benefits, with a focus on enhancing operational efficiency [11][33] - The company is well-positioned to capitalize on the growing demand for communication infrastructure driven by urbanization and technological advancements [11][33] 5. Future Outlook - The report forecasts a substantial increase in net profit, projecting 11,629 million yuan in 2025 and 16,097 million yuan in 2026, driven by the completion of depreciation on existing towers [5][15] - The company is expected to maintain a high dividend payout ratio, averaging 60.9% since its listing, reflecting its commitment to returning value to shareholders [9][15]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a rating for the company [3] Core Views - The company is projected to experience a revenue growth rate of -6.2% in 2024, followed by a slight recovery with growth rates of 1.3%, 2.6%, and 2.3% in the subsequent years [8] - The net profit attributable to the parent company is expected to decline by 14.9% in 2024, with a modest recovery in the following years, showing growth rates of 0.6%, 3.1%, and 2.8% [8] - The company's EBITDA is forecasted to increase from 64,098 million in 2024 to 74,871 million by 2027 [8] Financial Summary - The total revenue for 2024 is estimated at 1,067,171 million, with a gradual increase to 1,134,662 million by 2027 [8] - The gross profit margin is projected to decrease slightly from 10.3% in 2024 to 9.8% in 2027 [8] - The earnings per share (EPS) is expected to rise from 1.64 in 2024 to 1.75 in 2027 [8] - The company’s total assets are projected to grow from 1,862,843 million in 2024 to 2,054,535 million by 2027 [8]