Group 1 - The Trump administration's intervention in the export of ethane to China has led to significant challenges for U.S. ethane producers and exporters, as many applications for export licenses have been denied [1][11] - The U.S. is a major global exporter of ethane, with China being the largest buyer, accounting for 46% of U.S. ethane exports, which amounts to approximately 227,000 barrels per day [9][11] - The restrictions imposed by the Trump administration are seen as a strategic move in the ongoing trade tensions, aiming to leverage China's dependency on ethane to gain negotiating power [7][19] Group 2 - The U.S. ethane industry is facing severe repercussions due to the export restrictions, with major exporters experiencing stock price declines and operational challenges related to storage costs for unsold ethane [13][19] - In response to U.S. actions, China has diversified its import channels, engaging with Middle Eastern countries to secure alternative ethane supplies and investing in domestic ethane extraction technologies [15][17] - Chinese petrochemical companies are adapting their production processes to reduce reliance on ethane, with significant investments made to modify cracking facilities to utilize alternative raw materials [17][19]

固定收益 | 固定收益专题 固定收益 证券研究报告 地方政府如何应对关税冲击？ 各省对美贸易依存度如何？ 2024 年我国对美出口总额为 37343 亿元人民币，占出口总额比重为 14.7%。 分区域来看，我国对美出口区域集中度较高：2024 年广东、浙江、江苏分 别对美出口 9490 亿元、6316 亿元、5906 亿元，上海、山东、福建对美出 口均超 2000 亿元，四川、河南均超 1000 亿元。前 8 大对美出口省份占我 国对美出口总额的比重达 85%。 以对美出口总额/出口总额、对美出口总额/GDP 两大指标观察各省对美出 口的依存度：山西、河南、四川、福建区域 2024 年对美出口总额/出口总 额均大于 18%，对美出口的依存度较高；广东、浙江、江苏、上海等区域 2024 年对美出口总额/出口总额在 15-16%区间附近，在全国属于中游水平， 但其对美出口体量大，且对美出口总额占 GDP 的比重相对高。 对比 2018 年及 2024 年全国及各省对美出口总额/出口总额数据可见，在 2018 年以来中美贸易摩擦的背景下，我国通过系统性的战略调整，如新兴 市场开拓、扩大国内消费市场、产能转移等应对手 ...

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing trade tensions between China and the United States have led to significant shifts in trade patterns, particularly in the oil sector, with China halting imports of U.S. crude oil for two consecutive months, resulting in the lowest U.S. crude oil export levels since 2020 [1][8]. Group 1: Trade Relations and Tariffs - The U.S.-China trade war began in 2018, initiated by the Trump administration's imposition of tariffs on $34 billion worth of Chinese goods, citing trade deficits and intellectual property concerns [1][3]. - China responded with tariffs ranging from 5% to 25% on U.S. products, significantly impacting U.S. agricultural exports, particularly soybeans [3]. - The trade conflict escalated with the U.S. targeting Chinese tech firms like Huawei, leading to further tariffs on $1.2 trillion and $1.8 trillion worth of Chinese goods [3][4]. Group 2: Economic Impact - The U.S. trade deficit has increased from $950.2 billion in 2018 to $1,211.75 billion in 2024, indicating that the tariffs have not achieved their intended goal of reducing the trade deficit [7]. - Over 90% of the tariff costs have been passed on to U.S. importers, downstream businesses, and consumers, leading to increased prices and living costs in the U.S. [7]. - Despite facing some export pressures, China has shown resilience by expanding domestic demand and diversifying trade partnerships, maintaining stable economic growth [7]. Group 3: Energy Sector Dynamics - The halt in U.S. crude oil imports by China is attributed to the U.S. tariff policies, which have diminished the price advantage of U.S. crude oil for China [8]. - The U.S. shale oil producers are projected to face losses of at least $10 billion due to the absence of the Chinese market, with U.S. crude oil exports dropping to 3.883 million barrels per day, a 4% decrease [8]. - China is actively seeking to diversify its energy imports, with agreements in place with Russia and Qatar to secure alternative oil and gas supplies [8]. Group 4: Global Economic Implications - The trade war has disrupted global supply chains, forcing multinational companies to reallocate resources and adjust production strategies, thereby increasing operational costs and risks [10]. - The unilateral actions by the U.S. have undermined the multilateral trade system, leading to slower progress in global trade negotiations and increasing trade disputes among nations [10]. - Some Southeast Asian countries have benefited from the trade war as they become alternative production bases for multinational companies, while those reliant on U.S.-China trade face economic slowdowns [10].

海外策略：稳步扩张 美国经济保持稳步扩张态势，美联储年内降息预期维持在2次（约50bp），降息终点预期维持在3.5%。 上周亚特兰大联储GDPNOW模型预测二季度美国实际GDP年化增速较前值回落0.8pct至3.8%，前期长端利率上 行的紧缩效应再度显现。个人消费增速降至2.6%，商品（3.3%）与服务（2.3%）均在放缓；私人投资（不含 库存）增速降至1.6%，主要来自地产（-0.9%）及建筑（-3.0%）分项的拖累。 失业率仍在上行，但斜率极缓。 周频首次申领失业金人数上行至24.7万，符合季节性水平。5月失业率较4月上 行0.05pct至4.24%，连续第3个月维持在4.2%左右。 市场对通胀的担忧亦在缓和。 Truflation日频通胀指数降至 1.84%，较前期高点回落26bp。 财政延续了"言语收缩，行为扩张"的基调。 尽管一直在进行各种缩减赤字的表态及尝试，但实际上财政赤字 仍在扩张。周频财政赤字额达到$1,275亿，继续超出季节性水平。2025财年美国赤字水平将继续处于高位。 基于货币政策"双目标"及经济、财政形势推演，美联储并无大幅调整政策的动机，我们维持年内降息不超2次 （50bp）判断， ...

煤焦周度报告 20250609 正信期货研究院 黑色产业组 研究员：杨辉 投资咨询证号：Z0019319 基本面未有明显改善，双焦反弹力度不足 Email：yangh@zxqh.net | 报告主要观点 | | --- | | 版块 | 关键词 | 主要观点 | | --- | --- | --- | | 焦炭 | 价格 | 盘面低位反弹，空间预计有限；现货三轮提降落地 | | | 供给 | 焦企略有减产，整体供应仍偏高 | | | 需求 | 铁水延续小幅下滑，钢厂控制原料到货；投机情绪较弱，出口利润小幅增长，建材现货日成交量下滑 | | | 库存 | 下游降库，上游累库，总库存小幅增加 | | | 利润 | 焦企盈利微增，焦炭盘面利润小幅下滑 | | | 基差价差 | 焦炭09小幅升水，9-1价差震荡运行 | | | 总结 | 上周焦煤供应端消息较多，蒙古国上调煤炭资源税的传闻、主产地煤矿事故频发，或引发减产的猜测；加之中美元首通话，贸易摩擦预期降温；焦煤低 位强势反弹，并带动黑色整体反弹。截至周五收盘，焦炭09合约涨2.82%至1350.5，焦煤09合约涨4.99%至778.5。焦炭方面，三轮提降落地，但 ...

Group 1: Market Analysis of Trade Friction - The report reviews the impact of the US-China trade friction from 2018 to 2019, categorizing it into seven phases based on eight major events, highlighting the volatility in the market during these periods [1][9][12] - During the phase from May 29, 2018, to November 30, 2018, the market experienced significant declines, with the Shanghai Composite Index dropping by 17% [9][13] - Following a series of negotiations and agreements, the market rebounded significantly from December 1, 2018, to May 4, 2019, with the Shanghai Composite Index increasing by 18.94% [9][13] Group 2: Domestic Industrial Production - The industrial production index has shown signs of recovery, with specific sectors such as methanol, high furnace production in Tangshan, polyester filament, and soda ash experiencing growth, while Shandong's independent refineries and tire production have declined [17][19] - The subway passenger volume in major cities has decreased, indicating a potential slowdown in urban mobility [17][18] Group 3: International Employment Trends - In May, the US non-farm employment figures showed a decline but were still above expectations, with 139,000 new jobs added, surpassing the forecast of 126,000 [29][30] - The unemployment rate remained stable at 4.2%, aligning with expectations, while wage growth exceeded predictions with an average hourly wage increase of 0.4% [29][30] Group 4: Industry Allocation Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on three main investment directions: advancements in AI technology, recovery in consumer stocks, and the rise of undervalued dividends [4] - The consumer sector is highlighted as having low valuations, with potential for recovery driven by declining interest rates and policy support [4]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information about the report industry investment rating in the provided content. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Last week, the central bank announced in advance a 1 - trillion - yuan outright reverse repurchase operation, leading to a loose funding situation. However, the progress of the trade - war negotiation remained unclear, resulting in a slight increase in the bond market and also a small rise in ultra - long bonds. The trading activity of ultra - long bonds decreased slightly last week but was still relatively active. The term spread and variety spread of ultra - long bonds narrowed [1][3][11][41]. - For the 30 - year treasury bond, as of June 6, the spread between the 30 - year and 10 - year treasury bonds was 22BP, at a historically low level. In April, the economy showed resilience, with the estimated GDP year - on - year growth rate at about 4.1%, down 0.8% from March but still higher than the annual economic growth target. The CPI in April was - 0.1% and PPI was - 2.7%, indicating obvious deflation risks. With the recent phased easing of Sino - US trade frictions, investors' pessimistic expectations have dissipated. The short - term focus will return to China's second - quarter economic data. It is expected that as the policy support effect weakens, the probability of a decline in bond yields is greater. However, the current term spread of the 30 - year treasury bond is still low, with limited term spread protection [2][12]. - For the 20 - year CDB bond, as of June 6, the spread between the 20 - year CDB bond and the 20 - year treasury bond was 1BP, at a historically extremely low level. The economic situation in April was similar to that of the 30 - year treasury bond analysis. It is also expected that bond yields will likely decline as the policy support effect weakens. But the current variety spread of the 20 - year CDB bond is still low, with limited variety spread protection [3][13]. 3. Summary According to Related Catalogs 3.1 Weekly Review 3.1.1 Ultra - long Bond Review - The central bank's pre - announced 1 - trillion - yuan outright reverse repurchase operation led to a loose funding situation. With unclear trade - war negotiation progress, the bond market and ultra - long bonds rose slightly. The trading activity of ultra - long bonds decreased slightly but was still relatively active. The term spread and variety spread of ultra - long bonds narrowed [1][11]. 3.1.2 Ultra - long Bond Investment Outlook - **30 - year Treasury Bond**: The spread between the 30 - year and 10 - year treasury bonds was 22BP as of June 6, at a low historical level. Economic data in April showed resilience, with deflation risks. With the easing of trade frictions, the short - term focus will be on second - quarter economic data. Bond yields are likely to decline as policy support weakens, but the term spread protection is limited [2][12]. - **20 - year CDB Bond**: The spread between the 20 - year CDB bond and the 20 - year treasury bond was 1BP as of June 6, at an extremely low historical level. Similar to the 30 - year treasury bond situation, bond yields are likely to decline, but the variety spread protection is limited [3][13]. 3.1.3 Ultra - long Bond Basic Overview - The balance of outstanding ultra - long bonds exceeded 21.6 trillion yuan. As of May 31, the total amount of ultra - long bonds with a remaining maturity of over 14 years was 216,823 billion yuan, accounting for 14.4% of the total bond balance. Local government bonds and treasury bonds were the main varieties. By variety, treasury bonds accounted for 26.1%, local government bonds 67.8%, etc. By remaining maturity, the 30 - year variety had the highest proportion [14]. 3.2 Primary Market 3.2.1 Weekly Issuance - Last week (from May 26 to May 30, 2025), the issuance volume of ultra - long bonds was relatively small, totaling 1,091 billion yuan, a slight decrease compared with the week before last. By variety, treasury bonds were 710 billion yuan, local government bonds 371 billion yuan, etc. By term, 15 - year bonds were 11 billion yuan, 20 - year bonds 119 billion yuan, and 30 - year bonds 961 billion yuan [19]. 3.2.2 This Week's Upcoming Issuance - The announced ultra - long bond issuance plan for this week is 306 billion yuan in total, all of which are ultra - long local government bonds [23]. 3.3 Secondary Market 3.3.1 Trading Volume - Last week, the trading of ultra - long bonds was relatively active, with a trading volume of 4,687 billion yuan, accounting for 9.7% of the total bond trading volume. By variety, the trading volume of ultra - long treasury bonds was 3,269 billion yuan, accounting for 29.8% of the total treasury bond trading volume; that of ultra - long local bonds was 1,302 billion yuan, accounting for 49.5% of the total local bond trading volume, etc. The trading activity of ultra - long bonds decreased slightly last week. Compared with the week before last, the trading volume and proportion of ultra - long bonds decreased [25]. 3.3.2 Yield - Due to the pre - announced 1 - trillion - yuan outright reverse repurchase operation and unclear trade - war negotiation progress, the bond market and ultra - long bonds rose slightly. The yields of 15 - year, 20 - year, 30 - year, and 50 - year treasury bonds, CDB bonds, local bonds, and railway bonds all changed to different extents [41]. 3.3.3 Spread Analysis - **Term Spread**: The term spread of ultra - long bonds narrowed last week, and the absolute level was low. The spread between the 30 - year and 10 - year treasury bonds was 22BP, down 1BP from the week before last, at the 6% percentile since 2010 [49]. - **Variety Spread**: The variety spread of ultra - long bonds narrowed last week, and the absolute level was low. The spread between the 20 - year CDB bond and the treasury bond was 1BP, and that between the 20 - year railway bond and the treasury bond was 5BP, down 1BP and 2BP respectively from the week before last, both at the 2% percentile since 2010 [50]. 3.4 30 - year Treasury Bond Futures - Last week, the main 30 - year treasury bond futures contract TL2509 closed at 119.78 yuan, an increase of 0.31%. The total trading volume was 284,800 lots (a decrease of 124,088 lots), and the open interest was 117,800 lots (an increase of 4,256 lots). The trading volume decreased significantly compared with the week before last, while the open interest increased slightly [55].

前言 这几天有个消息挺让人意外的。日本经济再生大臣赤泽亮正跑到华盛顿，带去了一份"特殊礼物"。 最狠的是造船领域，直接说要"以中国为考量因素"跟美国合作造军舰。日本政府的小算盘打得那叫一个 精明：既然美国把中国当成"关税战最大目标"，那咱就投其所好，拿中国当筹码呗。具体怎么搞呢？日 本准备向美国提供稀土加工技术，帮美国处理全球开采的稀土资源。 你猜这份礼物是啥？说出来真让人哭笑不得——竟然是一整套针对咱们中国的合作方案，想用这个换美 国的关税优惠。 日本这是想当什么角色？稀土天然气真能成为他们的王牌？ 这招真够绝的——日本的"制华大礼包" 说白了，日本这次是真急眼了。6月5日，当赤泽亮正踏进华盛顿的那一刻，他手里攥着的可不是什么普 通的贸易提案。这份被日媒称为"针对中国的一揽子方案"，简直就是一个精心包装的"制华大礼包"。稀 土、半导体、天然气，能想到的招都想用上。 作者-木小小 要知道，咱们中国在稀土精炼环节可是占了全球90%以上的产能，日本这明摆着是想在关键资源领域给 咱们添堵。不光是稀土，日本还计划从英伟达等美国企业采购数十亿美元的半导体产品。同时，在石 墨、镓这些战略材料上也要跟美国"深度合作"。 让 ...

Group 1 - The latest survey by the American Chamber of Commerce in China indicates that U.S. tariffs on China have put many American companies operating in China in a difficult position, with most not planning to return manufacturing to the U.S. [1][3] - The survey, conducted from May 23 to May 28, received responses from 112 American companies across various industries, highlighting the increasing complexity of doing business in China due to escalating trade tensions [1][3]. - Despite challenges, the majority of surveyed companies are localizing operations or shifting some production to third countries, with no companies reporting plans to move production back to the U.S. [1][3]. Group 2 - The survey results reveal that American companies are caught in the trade conflict, facing pressures from both the U.S. and China, including tariffs and export controls [3][4]. - The potential impact of China's rare earth export controls is significant, with 75% of affected companies indicating their inventory will be depleted within three months [3][5]. - Foreign brands with overseas operations, such as Lululemon, are also suffering from U.S. tariffs and economic slowdown concerns, leading to a downward revision of profit forecasts and a stock price drop of over 20% [3][5]. Group 3 - China's export controls on rare earth magnets are seen as a disruption to the core supply chains of global manufacturers, particularly in the automotive and aerospace sectors, with China accounting for nearly 70% of global rare earth production [5][4]. - Major automotive companies are reportedly considering relocating some production to China to mitigate potential production delays and disruptions caused by these export controls [5][4]. - The ongoing trade tensions have led to increased uncertainty and instability in U.S.-China economic relations, affecting global supply chains and trade flows [7][6].

Group 1 - The core issue revolves around the ongoing tensions between the U.S. and China regarding rare earth resources, with China maintaining a firm stance against U.S. demands for concessions [1][5][21] - Despite previous agreements on tariffs, the U.S. continues to face challenges due to China's restrictions on rare earth minerals, which are critical for various industries, including technology and defense [2][9][14] - Trump's recent outreach to China indicates a recognition of the importance of rare earths for U.S. technological advancements, as the U.S. relies heavily on imports from China for these materials [16][19][29] Group 2 - The U.S. government is under pressure due to its dependency on Chinese rare earths, which account for 80% of its annual demand, highlighting China's dominant position in the global market [9][11][12] - Trump's attempts to negotiate with China reflect a dual strategy of seeking resources while simultaneously applying pressure, which China views as unacceptable [23][25] - The ongoing competition between the U.S. and China extends beyond trade disputes to a broader geopolitical struggle for technological supremacy, with both nations vying for long-term advantages in global trade [27][29]