以下文章来源于思哲与创富 ，作者思哲 思哲与创富 . 全天候-永久投资策略创始人，全球资产配置，为你做好家庭投资框架，穿越牛熊 ↑点击上面图片 加雪球核心交流群 ↑ 风险提示：本文所提到的观点仅代表个人的意见，所涉及标的不作推荐，据此买卖，风险自负。 综合自作者：思哲与创富 来源：雪球 我这些年的投资思路一直在调整进化，尤其这几年变化颇大。 从早期沉在A股基金领域研究（12年-22年），再到开始美股ETF分散布局（23年-23年末），全球股市ETF分散换车套利。 以及23年末到现在的资产配置结构：全天候，股、债、商综合配置+换车套利增强，收益稳定的前提下，波动更小，风险更低。 正是因为随着本金的增长，导致我对于风险收益比的要求也越来越高，其实我自己迈出的每一步，并不是简单地押注趋势或者追涨杀跌，而是向着 资产配置更优解的方向出发。 包括我最新的家庭资产梳理表，如果从18年更新到现在，细心的人也会发现有很多进化的点。很多人也表示，觉得投资要专精一个领域才会出成 绩，但在A股这种环境之下，我认为灵活变通比专精显然重要得多。 资产配置看似简单，实际门槛一点都不低，设定一个自上而下的宏观框架模型，先有投资纪律，任何行 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - The report is bullish on the bond market in the short - term, suggesting that the 10 - year Treasury yield may return to around 1.65%. After the adjustment, there are prominent opportunities in credit bonds [1][107]. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Historically, inflation, overheating or recovery of the economy, and tightening of monetary policy are the main reasons for the significant bearish trend in the bond market. Currently, the probability of a significant bearish trend in the bond market is low. The bond market is more likely to maintain a volatile pattern in the next 1 - 2 years [1]. - The signals before the inflection point of the bull - to - bear transition in the bond market are weakening. In the future, nominal GDP growth rate, PPI year - on - year growth rate, and institutional behavior (regulatory policies) may be key indicators and signals. CPI recovery is neither a sufficient nor a necessary condition [1][92]. - The current bond market does not have the conditions for a significant bearish trend. The reasons include the low probability of significant tightening of monetary policy this year, weak economic repair momentum, a loose capital situation, uncertain effects of anti - involution policies, and limited external negative pressure on the bond market [1][106]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1. Characteristics of Past Bond Bear Markets - **2007 - 2008**: Due to overheating of the economy and high inflation pressure, the central bank continuously raised interest rates, and the 10 - year Treasury yield rose from 3% to 4.5%. After the global financial crisis in the second half of 2008, the policy turned to easing [5]. - **2010 - 2011**: After the "Four - Trillion" stimulus plan, inflation pressure climbed again. The central bank implemented tightening policies, and the 10 - year Treasury yield rose from 3.2% to 4.1% [8]. - **2013**: Due to the "Money Shortage" and financial supervision, there was a liquidity crisis. The central bank tightened liquidity, and the 10 - year Treasury yield rose from 3.4% to 4.6% [9][10]. - **2016 - 2017**: With strong financial supervision, supply - side reform, and shantytown renovation monetization, the central bank tightened monetary policy, and the 10 - year Treasury yield rose from 2.7% to 3.9% [11]. - **2020**: After the public health event, the economy recovered, and the policy gradually returned to normal. The 10 - year Treasury yield started to rise in late April [15]. - **2022**: The end of the public health event increased the market's expectation of economic recovery, and there was a negative feedback from bank wealth management. The 10 - year Treasury yield rose from 2.6% to 2.9% [19][21]. - **Common Characteristics**: Policy drive (tightening of monetary policy and strengthening of financial supervision), economic cycle correlation (the bond market is prone to a bearish trend when the macro - economy is improving and inflation is rising), and capital trends (capital is the link between policy and the market) [22][23][24]. 3.2. Inflection Points of Past Bull - to - Bear Transitions in the Bond Market - **2007 - 2008**: The inflection point occurred on January 17, 2007. Before the inflection point, the monetary policy had turned to tightening, the capital was tightened, the fundamentals improved significantly, and inflation pressure increased [24][27][28]. - **2010 - 2011**: The inflection point occurred on July 14, 2010. Before the inflection point, the monetary policy had turned to tightening, the capital was tightened, the economy recovered rapidly, and CPI and PPI had been rising [36][38][40]. - **2013**: The inflection point occurred on April 16, 2013. Before the inflection point, there was a sign of capital tightening, the economy showed a co - existence of recovery and inflation pressure, and the central bank tightened liquidity [45][49][50]. - **2016 - 2017**: The inflection point occurred on October 21, 2016. Before the inflection point, there was no obvious sign of capital tightening, the economy was relatively stable, CPI was not obvious, and PPI rose significantly [53][57][60]. - **2020**: The inflection point occurred on April 8, 2020. Before the inflection point, there was no sign of capital tightening, the economy recovered simultaneously with the bearish trend, CPI was not obvious, and PPI was more obvious [63][66][67]. - **2022**: The inflection point occurred in August 2022. Before the inflection point, there was no sign of capital tightening, the economy had a pre - recovery trend, and CPI and PPI were not obvious [74][77][78]. 3.3. Reasons Why the Current Bond Market is Unlikely to Go Significantly Bearish - **Past Bull - to - Bear Inflection Point Signals**: Fundamental inflection points (leading or synchronous with the bull - to - bear inflection point), policy inflection points (monetary policy tightening), CPI or PPI recovery (PPI bottoming out 6 - 12 months before the bearish trend), and capital inflection points (yield bottom lags behind the capital bottom by an average of 2.5 months). In the future, these signals are weakening [83][85][87]. - **CPI Recovery is Neither Sufficient nor Necessary**: CPI recovery is not a sufficient or necessary condition for the bull - to - bear transition in the bond market. Cost - push inflation has limited impact on the bond market trend [95][96]. - **Current Situation Analysis**: The monetary policy is unlikely to tighten significantly this year. The economic repair momentum is weak, with low nominal GDP growth, negative GDP deflator, and declining PPI. The capital situation is loose, the "anti - involution" policy effect is uncertain, and the external environment has limited negative pressure on the bond market [97][100][105]. 3.4. Investment Analysis Opinions - In the short - term, the report is bullish on the bond market, suggesting that the 10 - year Treasury yield may return to around 1.65%. After the adjustment, there are opportunities in credit bonds, such as long - duration sinking urban investment bonds, capital bonds, and insurance sub - debt. It is recommended to focus on the long - duration capital bonds of Minsheng, Bohai, and Hengfeng banks, and be bullish on urban investment dim - sum bonds and US dollar bonds. Pay attention to the capital bonds of Beibu Gulf Bank, Tianjin Bank, and China Property Insurance [106][107].

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided Core View of the Report - Price growth remains weak, and the policy bottom - support effect is emerging. The price recovery in July shows the characteristics of "consumption stronger than production, and policy - driven repair". The marginal improvement in price data in July, with CPI turning positive month - on - month and the narrowing of PPI decline, is closely related to the intensive implementation of "anti - involution" policies and the continuous efforts of domestic demand expansion policies since July [2][9][86]. - The continuous rise of core CPI inflation may indicate that the domestic demand expansion policy's bottom - support effect on domestic demand is gradually emerging, while the narrowing of PPI decline may rely more on the policy's regulation of the supply - side competition order, and the impact of the substantial expansion of the demand side needs continuous observation [2][10][86]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Macro - level News - In July, CPI was flat year - on - year, mainly affected by low food prices. Core CPI excluding food and energy prices was up 0.8% year - on - year, with the increase expanding for three consecutive months. CPI was up 0.4% month - on - month, higher than the seasonal level by 0.1 pct, mainly driven by the rise in service and industrial consumer goods prices [12]. - In July, PPI was down 3.6% year - on - year, the same as last month. PPI was down 0.2% month - on - month, with the decline narrowing by 0.2 pct compared to last month, the first narrowing of the month - on - month decline since March. The price recovery of production materials mainly occurred in July [15]. - In the first seven months of 2025, China's total value of goods trade imports and exports was 25.7 trillion yuan, up 3.5% year - on - year. Exports were 15.3 trillion yuan, up 7.3% year - on - year; imports were 10.39 trillion yuan, down 1.6% year - on - year, with the decline narrowing by 1.1 pct compared to the first six months. In July, the total value of goods trade imports and exports was 3.9 trillion yuan, up 6.7% year - on - year. Exports were 2.3 trillion yuan, up 8% year - on - year; imports were 1.6 trillion yuan, up 4.8% year - on - year [17]. 2. Meso - level High - frequency Data 2.1 Consumption - As of July 31, the average daily retail volume of passenger car manufacturers was 9.7 million vehicles, down 0.8% year - on - year, and the average daily wholesale volume was 17.2 million vehicles, up 1.3% year - on - year. As of August 8, the total box office revenue of national movies in the past 7 days was 168,932,800 yuan, up 98.5% year - on - year [20]. - As of August 1, the total retail volume of three major household appliances was 1.739 million units, down 3.7% year - on - year, and the total retail sales were 4.05 billion yuan, up 2.7% year - on - year [22]. 2.2 Transportation - As of August 3, the port's container throughput was 5.68 million twenty - foot equivalent units, down 7.0% year - on - year. As of August 7, the average subway passenger volume in first - tier cities in the past 7 days was 3,934,400 person - times, down 1.3% year - on - year [25]. - As of August 3, the postal express pick - up volume was 3.6 billion pieces, up 14.6% year - on - year. The railway freight volume was 77.694 million tons, up 6.5% year - on - year, and the highway truck traffic volume was 5.2593 million vehicles, up 2.8% year - on - year [27][31]. 2.3 Industrial Operating Rates - As of August 6, the blast furnace operating rate of major steel enterprises was 77.5%, up 3.4 pct year - on - year. As of August 7, the average asphalt operating rate was 25.0%, up 2.0 pct year - on - year [34]. - As of August 7, the soda ash operating rate was 85.2%, down 4.8 pct year - on - year, and the PVC operating rate was 75.5%, up 0.1 pct year - on - year. As of August 8, the average PX operating rate was 82.0%, and the average PTA operating rate was 76.8% [37]. 2.4 Real Estate - As of August 7, the total commercial housing transaction area in 30 large and medium - sized cities in the past 7 days was 1.392 million square meters, down 17.8% year - on - year. The total number of commercial housing transactions was 15,625 units, down 15.5% year - on - year [41][43]. 2.5 Prices - As of August 8, the average wholesale price of pork was 20.4 yuan/kg, down 21.2% year - on - year and 0.8% compared to four weeks ago; the average wholesale price of vegetables was 4.6 yuan/kg, down 16.9% year - on - year and up 4.1% compared to four weeks ago; the average wholesale price of six key fruits was 7.0 yuan/kg, down 4.3% year - on - year and 4.5% compared to four weeks ago [48]. - As of August 8, the average price of thermal coal at northern ports was 665 yuan/ton, down 21.7% year - on - year and up 7.8% compared to four weeks ago; the average spot price of WTI crude oil was 65.4 US dollars/barrel, down 11.9% year - on - year and 3.3% compared to four weeks ago; the average spot price of rebar was 3,328.1 yuan/ton, up 4.23% year - on - year and 6.5% compared to four weeks ago [51]. - As of August 8, the average spot price of iron ore was 786.5 yuan/ton, down 0.9% year - on - year and up 5.7% compared to four weeks ago; the average spot price of glass was 15.2 yuan/square meter, down 11.9% year - on - year and up 8.2% compared to four weeks ago [56]. 3. Bond and Foreign Exchange Markets - On August 8, overnight Shibor was 1.31%, up 0.04 BP from August 4. R001 was 1.34%, down 0.99 BP from August 4; R007 was 1.45%, down 2.17 BP from August 4. DR001 was 1.31%, down 0.30 BP from August 4; DR007 was 1.43%, down 2.67 BP from August 4. IBO001 was 1.35%, up 0.17 BP from August 4; IBO007 was 1.50%, up 0.78 BP from August 4 [62]. - Most government bond yields declined. On August 8, the yields of 1 - year/5 - year/10 - year/30 - year government bonds were 1.35%/1.54%/1.69%/1.96% respectively, down 2.0 BP/2.4 BP/1.9 BP/up 0.9 BP compared to August 1. The yields of 1 - year/5 - year/10 - year/30 - year China Development Bank bonds were 1.50%/1.66%/1.78%/2.05% respectively, up 0.0 BP/down 0.6 BP/up 1.6 BP/up 0.2 BP compared to August 1 [66]. - On August 8, the yields of 1 - year/5 - year/10 - year local government bonds were 1.38%/1.66%/1.82% respectively, down 0.3 BP/up 0.4 BP/up 0.2 BP compared to August 1. The yields of AAA 1 - month/1 - year and AA+ 1 - month/1 - year inter - bank certificates of deposit were 1.46%/1.62%/1.48%/1.66% respectively, down 1.3 BP from August 1 [72]. - As of August 8, 2025, the yields of 10 - year government bonds in the US, Japan, the UK, and Germany were 4.3%, 1.5%, 4.6%, and 2.7% respectively, up 4 BP/down 7 BP/up 6 BP/down 6 BP compared to August 1. The central parity rate and spot exchange rate of the US dollar against the RMB were 7.14/7.18 respectively, down 114/280 pips from August 1 [77][80]. 4. Institutional Behavior - Since the beginning of 2025, the duration of interest - rate bond medium - and long - term pure bond funds has shown a trend of first decline and then rise, and has been declining in the past two weeks. On August 8, the estimated average duration was about 5.2 years, down about 0.12 years from August 1 [83]. - Since the beginning of 2025, the duration of credit - bond medium - and long - term pure bond funds has shown a volatile trend. In the past three weeks, the duration has risen rapidly and then fluctuated. On August 8, the estimated median duration was about 2.7 years, and the estimated average duration was about 2.6 years, down about 0.03 years from August 1 [84]. 5. Investment Recommendations - Going long in the bond market is currently the path of least resistance. In August, the yield of 10Y government bonds may gradually return to around 1.65%, and the yield of 5Y national - joint - stock secondary bonds may fall below 1.9%. With the cooling of anti - involution, weak price growth, the stock market entering a volatile phase, and the possible decline in social financing growth rate, there are few negative factors for the bond market currently [11][88]. - The tax new regulations have relatively increased the scarcity of government bonds and old financial bonds, which may prompt banks' proprietary trading to scramble for government bonds and old financial bonds. The relatively low spread between newly - issued government bonds and existing bonds may temporarily push down yields. Currently, there is a phased overall bullish view on the bond market, bullish on long - duration sinking urban investment and capital bonds, bullish on urban investment dim sum bonds and US dollar bonds, strongly recommending perpetual bonds of Minsheng Bank, Bohai Bank, and Hengfeng Bank, and paying attention to capital bond opportunities of Tianjin Bank, Beibu Gulf Bank, and China Property Insurance [11][88].

Core Viewpoint - The recent volatility in the bond market is attributed to increased inflation expectations and a rising risk appetite among investors, leading to a decline in the attractiveness of bonds [4] Group 1: Market Conditions - The bond market has experienced increased fluctuations due to frequent "anti-involution" policies and a notable rise in commodity prices, which have heightened inflation expectations [4] - The stock market's enthusiasm has led to a significant recovery in risk appetite, causing investors to favor riskier assets over bonds [4] - Despite the current volatility, the long-term outlook for the bond market remains positive, supported by a need for low market interest rates and a relatively loose liquidity environment [4] Group 2: Bond Types and Volatility - Bonds with longer durations tend to exhibit the highest volatility, followed by medium to long-term credit bonds, while short-duration credit bonds and money market products show the least volatility [5][6] - For investors seeking stability and lower volatility, short-term credit bond funds or money market products are recommended [6] Group 3: Bonds in a Bull Market - Even in a bull market, bonds retain their value due to the cash flow generated from interest payments, which can provide stable returns despite price fluctuations [7] - Bonds play a crucial role in asset allocation, serving as a stabilizing force in an investment portfolio, especially for conservative investors [7] - The presence of bonds in a diversified investment strategy is essential, as they continue to fulfill their function regardless of market conditions [7]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Weaker than Market" investment rating for the industry [5]. Core Insights - The expansion of the "Bond Connect" southbound channel will provide more overseas asset allocation opportunities for mainland non-bank financial institutions, alleviating the supply tightness of quality assets in the domestic market and promoting reasonable capital flow [1]. - The U.S. inflation data for June showed a year-on-year increase to 2.7%, slightly above expectations, while core CPI rose to 2.9%, indicating controlled inflation but potential short-term increases if tariffs are raised [2]. - The derivatives market maintains expectations for two rate cuts by the Federal Reserve in September and December, with a cumulative reduction of 50 basis points anticipated by year-end [3]. - The report suggests that the current long-end U.S. Treasury yields are rising, reflecting market concerns about future inflation and fiscal deficits, while the expansion of the southbound bond market will enhance liquidity for Chinese dollar bonds and Hong Kong dollar bonds [4]. Summary by Sections U.S. Macroeconomics and Liquidity - The report highlights the controlled inflation environment in the U.S., with CPI expected to rise to 3.0%-3.5% in the short term if tariffs increase [2]. - The yield curve for U.S. Treasuries has steepened, indicating market concerns about inflation and fiscal policy [3]. Overseas Dollar Bonds - The expansion of the "Bond Connect" southbound channel is expected to create structural opportunities for dollar bond allocations, particularly benefiting Chinese dollar bonds and Hong Kong dollar bonds [4]. Chinese Dollar Bonds - The report notes that recent rating actions by international agencies included 11 adjustments for Chinese dollar bond issuers, with three upgrades and five downgrades [93].

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating The report does not explicitly mention the industry investment rating. 2. Core Views of the Report - "Anti - involution" may be Supply - side Reform 2.0, potentially driving a significant rebound in PPI and impacting the bond market [2]. - The stock market is rising steadily, with a notable increase in risk appetite. This may attract funds into the stock market, putting pressure on the bond market [2]. - China's export resilience is prominent. There is a possibility of a further reduction in US tariffs on China, which could promote export growth [2]. - The commencement of the Yarlung Zangbo River downstream hydropower project may boost infrastructure investment growth and drive up related stock prices [2]. - The bond market is expected to fluctuate narrowly in the short term. Attention should be paid to the progress of "anti - involution". The report recommends long - duration sinking of urban investment bonds, capital bonds, and insurance sub - bonds, and suggests paying attention to investment opportunities in certain capital bonds and Hong Kong - listed bank stocks [2]. 3. Summary by Related Aspects Macroeconomic Policy Impact - In 2015, supply - side reform and shantytown renovation promoted a significant rebound in PPI and nominal GDP growth, causing the bond market to decline. In 2025, "anti - involution" has become the focus of economic policy and may have a similar impact [2]. Stock and Bond Market Relationship - Since the Spring Festival in 2025, the stock market has been rising steadily, ending the negative economic cycle from 2022 - 2024. The wealth effect of the stock market promotes consumption, and the inflow of funds into the stock market may put pressure on the bond market [2]. Export Situation - China's total export value has grown rapidly in the past year. The resilience of exports is not only due to "rush - to - export" but also reflects the global competitiveness of many industries. A reduction in US tariffs on China could further boost exports [2]. Infrastructure Investment - The Yarlung Zangbo River downstream hydropower project, with a total investment of about 1.2 trillion yuan, may drive the stabilization of infrastructure investment growth and the rise of related stocks [2]. Bond Market Outlook - The bond market's trading volume is overly concentrated in ultra - long - term interest - rate bonds. If the "anti - involution" efforts are strong, it may lead to the collapse of the ultra - long - term bond concentration and a 10 - 20BP adjustment in the bond market. The 10 - year Treasury yield may need a new round of interest rate cuts to reach a new low. In the short term, the bond market will fluctuate narrowly, and attention should be paid to the progress of "anti - involution" [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the importance of avoiding "chasing gains" in asset allocation and emphasizes the need for a scientific and objective analysis framework to make independent investment decisions [9][38]. Group 1: Asset Allocation Strategy - The author, 唐军, manages a diversified asset allocation strategy that includes various asset classes such as A-shares, Hong Kong stocks, US stocks, US bonds, and ETFs focused on high dividends and electricity [5][6]. - 唐军's approach, termed "Configuration First," is based on a three-step framework: assessing credit expansion and liquidity trends, evaluating whether market expectations are excessive, and ensuring asset diversification and complementarity [7][6]. Group 2: Chasing Gains Phenomenon - The article highlights that even sophisticated models like the Markowitz portfolio optimization theory can lead to "chasing gains" due to reliance on historical data for expected returns and volatility [11][20]. - The tendency to chase gains is exacerbated by behavioral biases, such as the "availability heuristic," where investors rely on easily accessible information rather than comprehensive data [25][10]. Group 3: Avoiding Chasing Gains - To avoid chasing gains, the article suggests establishing an objective analysis framework that incorporates quantitative indicators and macroeconomic drivers [26][30]. - It emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between long-term logic and short-term variables, as well as the need to diversify asset allocation to mitigate pressure during market fluctuations [31][34]. Group 4: Market Expectations and Investment Decisions - The article warns that consistent market expectations can often serve as a contrary indicator, suggesting that investors should be cautious during periods of high consensus [35][36]. - It also discusses the importance of recognizing the difference between style beta and alpha when selecting funds, as this understanding can prevent chasing based solely on past performance [37].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - The third quarter is a crucial observation window to determine the market direction. If inflation does not rise significantly in the next 2 - 3 months, the risk of rising unemployment increases, and bond market opportunities from September to the fourth quarter improve. If inflation rises significantly in the third quarter, the probability of a wage - inflation spiral increases, and interest rates may remain high or even rise further [3][36]. - The spread of US dollar bonds still has an upward risk, and attention should be paid to the evolution of the US fundamentals. It is recommended to choose sectors with relatively low volatility, such as the brokerage and state - owned enterprise sectors, and pay attention to floating - rate bonds [3]. - The high interest rate spread supports the US dollar index. Although the US dollar index has declined overall in the first half of the year, it may still trade in the range of 95 - 105 in the second half of the year with limited downside space [4][53]. 3. Summary by Directory Market Review: Policy Disturbance, US Treasury Bond Volatility, and Outperformance of Chinese - funded US Dollar Bonds - US asset prices mainly traded around policy in the first half of the year, with the 10Y US Treasury bond yield fluctuating in the range of 4% - 4.7%. From January to March, government spending cuts and trade uncertainties led to a reversal of optimism among US enterprises and residents, pushing down the US Treasury bond yield. In April, policy uncertainties led to the selling of US Treasury bonds. In May, the risk situation improved, but fiscal concerns resurfaced, causing the yield to rise [7][9]. - High - yield bonds outperformed investment - grade and sovereign bonds in terms of investment returns in the first half of the year. In the Sino - US comparison, the performance of investment - grade bonds mainly depends on static coupons, while the performance rhythm of high - yield bonds is affected by policies [12]. - The spread of investment - grade US dollar bonds first rose and then fell, while the spread of high - yield Chinese - funded US dollar bonds generally increased. The spread increase was controllable due to the stable performance of US hard data [16]. Benchmark Interest Rate Outlook: The Third Quarter is a Crucial Observation Window to Determine the Market Direction - The US fundamentals remained stable in the first half of the year, with the average tariff rate expected to increase by about 16%. The inflation pressure on residents' consumption has not yet emerged, and the employment market shows initial signs of pressure but remains generally stable. The reasons for the stable employment market may be the relatively stable corporate profit growth and the tightening of immigration policies [19][31]. - The third quarter is a window period to test whether the US economy moves towards "stagflation" or "inflation". If inflation does not rise significantly in the next 2 - 3 months, the risk of rising unemployment increases, and bond market opportunities improve. If inflation rises significantly, interest rates may remain high. The opportunities for US Treasury bonds in the fourth quarter may be greater than in the third quarter [36][38]. - Attention should be paid to the potential impact of events such as the expiration of higher reciprocal tariff exemptions, the passage of tax reform bills, and the debt ceiling. The potential SLR ratio adjustment or exemption in summer may release banks' bond - allocation potential and bring investment opportunities for the upward movement of Treasury bond swap spreads, but the effect may be limited [38][47]. Exchange Rate Outlook: High Interest Rate Spread Supports the US Dollar Index - The US dollar index has weakened since the beginning of the year due to policy uncertainties, concerns about fiscal sustainability, and the reduction of exchange - rate risk hedging ratios by some foreign investors [50][52]. - The high interest rate spread still supports the US dollar index. In the second half of the year, the US dollar index may trade in the range of 95 - 105 with limited downside space. The eurozone's growth recovery faces obstacles, and Japan's economy may be affected by weak external demand. If there is no further policy disturbance, the previous over - decline of the US dollar may be corrected [53]. - The market sentiment is gradually recovering, as indicated by the upward movement of the US dollar risk - reversal index and the potential support of the US stock market's relative outperformance over European stocks for the US dollar index [66]. US Dollar Bond Strategy: The Spread Still Has an Upward Risk, and Attention Should Be Paid to the Evolution of the US Fundamentals - The spread of US dollar bonds still has an upward risk, and attention should be paid to the evolution of the US fundamentals. It is recommended to appropriately tighten the credit risk exposure in the second half of the year [70]. - After considering the exchange - rate hedging, the domestic - foreign spread of investment - grade US dollar bonds is at a low level [74]. - It is recommended to pay attention to sectors such as brokerage and floating - rate bonds. It is advisable to shrink the credit exposure or choose sectors with relatively low turnover and volatility. Floating - rate bonds have relative value, with shorter durations and potential for spread recovery [75]. - In the short term, there are relatively few opportunities for interest - rate bonds. For credit bonds, the credit spread still has an upward risk, and attention should be paid to the US fundamentals [79].

Group 1 - The iBoxx China USD bond investment-grade index rose by 0.59% and the speculative-grade index increased by 1.25% [2] - The People's Bank of China and six departments issued guidelines to support consumption and stabilize economic expectations, emphasizing the importance of monetary policy and fiscal policy coordination [2] - The manufacturing PMI for June was reported at 49.7%, while the non-manufacturing PMI was at 50.5%, indicating a slight recovery in economic activity [3] Group 2 - The issuance scale of offshore bonds decreased in the primary market, while the secondary market saw slight increases in investment-grade and high-yield bond indices [3] - The energy futures prices dropped due to easing tensions in the Middle East, affecting related bonds in the petrochemical sector [4] - The real estate high-yield bond index showed a slight increase, with companies like Vanke completing significant bond repayments [4] Group 3 - Zhongjun Group signed a restructuring support agreement to restructure $2.271 billion in debt [5] - Shenzhen Longguang Holdings sent a restructuring proposal to creditors for 21 company bonds and asset-backed securities [5] - CIFI Holdings announced that its offshore debt restructuring plan was approved by the court [5] Group 4 - The U.S. core PCE price index rose by 2.7% year-on-year, slightly above market expectations, while personal consumption expenditures fell by 0.3% month-on-month [6] - The Hong Kong government reopened existing 3-year and 5-year government bonds, with issuance sizes of HKD 1.25 billion each [9] - The National Development Bank successfully issued dual-currency bonds in the international market, achieving a high subscription rate [9] Group 5 - S&P restored the credit rating of China Great Wall Asset Management to "BBB" with a stable outlook after a capital injection [15] - Moody's upgraded Shanghai Electric's rating to "Baa2" with a positive outlook, expecting improved leverage ratios [16] - New World Development secured written commitments from all banks for a HKD 87.5 billion refinancing [29]

Core Viewpoint - The bond financing for real estate companies is approaching a "recovery" critical point, with positive signals emerging in the market [2][5]. Group 1: Bond Issuance and Market Confidence - In June, New City Development launched a USD 300 million bond issuance, marking the first dollar bond issued by a private real estate company this year, which helps boost market confidence [2][3]. - High-quality private enterprises like Midea Real Estate and Binjiang Real Estate successfully issued bonds in the first half of the year, indicating a recovery trend in the bond market [2][4]. - The issuance of bonds by New City Development and Greentown China is seen as a significant step in restoring investor confidence in Chinese real estate companies [3][4]. Group 2: Debt Repayment and Future Outlook - The year 2025 is projected to be a peak year for debt repayment for New City Development, with a total of CNY 10.9 billion in domestic bonds and USD 1 billion in overseas bonds maturing [3][6]. - The overall bond repayment scale in the real estate sector is decreasing, with a significant reduction in the amount due from CNY 7.94 trillion in 2021 to an expected CNY 200 billion after 2028 [7]. - The credit situation in the real estate sector has improved, with a notable reduction in default issues since 2025, although tail risks still need to be monitored [7]. Group 3: Trends in Bond Types and Financing Tools - A total of 256 real estate bonds have been issued this year, with medium-term notes and private placements being the most active types [4][6]. - Innovative financing tools such as asset-backed securities (ABS), rental housing REITs, and green bonds are expected to become new growth points in the future [6]. - The use of credit enhancement measures by private enterprises has become a notable trend, reflecting a shift towards more secure financing options [6].