Core Viewpoint - The article promotes a series of macroeconomic training sessions organized by Huachuang Macro, scheduled from August 20 to September 6, focusing on various aspects of the economy and financial markets [1][5]. Summary by Sections Training Series Overview - The training sessions will occur daily at 15:30, covering a range of topics related to macroeconomic insights and financial analysis [5][6]. Session Topics and Speakers - **Session 1 (Aug 20)**: Insights into macro "big" directions - Five major concerns, presented by Zhang Yu, Deputy Director of Huachuang Research Institute [8]. - **Session 2 (Aug 21)**: Examination of the "new" economic structure - Ten structural changes, led by Lu Yinbo, Deputy Head of Huachuang Macro Group [8]. - **Session 3 (Aug 22)**: Analysis of deposit migration trends - Three key directions regarding deposits, by Wen Ruoyu, Senior Analyst at Huachuang Macro [8]. - **Session 4 (Aug 25)**: Navigating low interest rate challenges - Optimal solutions in a low-rate environment, presented by Yin Wenqing, Senior Analyst [8]. - **Session 5 (Aug 26)**: Discussion on fiscal "clever" correlations - Ten experiential rules, led by Gao Tuo, Senior Analyst [8]. - **Session 6 (Aug 27)**: Clarifying local fiscal and tax accounts - Local fiscal mechanisms, presented by Yuan Lingling, Assistant Analyst [8]. - **Session 7 (Aug 28)**: Tracking subtle policy changes - Policy observation guide [8]. - **Session 8 (Aug 29)**: Analysis of the US political landscape - Insights into the Democratic and Republican parties, by Fu Chunsheng, Analyst [10]. - **Session 9 (Sep 1)**: Comprehensive export analysis - Multi-dimensional export scanning, led by Xia Xue, Assistant Analyst [10]. - **Session 10 (Sep 2)**: Understanding new dynamics in supply-side reforms - New directions in supply-side reforms, presented by Lu Yinbo [10]. - **Session 11 (Sep 3)**: Logical performance of assets - Review of supply-side reform outcomes, by Fu Chunsheng [10]. - **Session 12 (Sep 4)**: Monitoring exchange rate trends - In-depth exchange rate analysis, led by Xia Xue [10]. - **Session 13 (Sep 5)**: Understanding the reconstruction of order - Strategic multi-gold insights, presented by Li Xingyu, Analyst [10]. - **Session 14 (Sep 6)**: Final session details not specified [12].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of professional investment analysis and the need for specialized insights in the current financial landscape [1]. Group 1 - The research team at Huachuang Securities is positioned to provide timely exchanges of viewpoints aimed at professional investors [10]. - The materials are intended solely for recognized professional investors and should not be shared with the general public [7][10]. - The analysis and opinions presented may change without notice based on subsequent reports from Huachuang Securities [11].

Core Viewpoints - The contraction of corporate loans does not affect the judgment that the worst period of the economic cycle is passing [4][6] - Overall corporate financing scale is still growing, with improvements in equity and bond financing compared to the same period last year [4][6] - The level of loans does not necessarily correspond to the health of the economy, as the ongoing recovery of the corporate-resident deposit gap indicates continuous improvement in the economic cycle [4][6] - Current market policies have reduced stock volatility, enhancing risk-adjusted returns for equities, making them more attractive compared to bonds [4][6] Group 1: Understanding Corporate Loan Contraction - In July, corporate short-term loans decreased by 550 billion, and medium to long-term loans decreased by 260 billion, indicating a seasonal factor as July is traditionally a low month for credit [13][14] - The reduction in corporate loans may benefit the Producer Price Index (PPI) by controlling the flow of loans to the manufacturing sector, which has been a focus of recent supply-side reforms [16][19] - Corporate financing is not limited to loans; direct financing has shown strong performance, indicating a shift in economic structure towards more suitable financing methods for high-tech and innovative enterprises [19][23] Group 2: July Financial Data and Its Impact on Investment Judgments - In July, non-bank deposits increased by 2.1 trillion, marking the third highest value for the year, indicating ample liquidity in financial institutions [30][31] - The ratio of resident deposits to the market value of stocks remains high, suggesting significant potential for market growth as the economic cycle improves [30][31] - The Sharpe ratio for stocks compared to bonds is increasing, indicating a reversal in the attractiveness of equities over bonds, driven by clear market stabilization policies [31][36] Group 3: July Financial Data Overview - In July, the total social financing increased by 1.16 trillion, with a year-on-year growth of 9%, while corporate loans decreased significantly [37][38] - The M2 money supply grew by 8.8% year-on-year, reflecting a healthy increase in liquidity, while new M1 also showed a positive trend [38][39] - The overall corporate financing scale continues to recover, with improvements in direct financing methods such as corporate bond and equity financing [37][39]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that the July CPI data in the U.S. shows a mixed picture, with overall CPI remaining stable while core CPI has increased, indicating potential challenges for future interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve [2][3][9] - In July, the U.S. CPI year-on-year remained at 2.7%, slightly below the expected 2.8%, while core CPI rose from 2.9% to 3.1%, exceeding expectations [18][9] - The "super core" service CPI increased from 3.0% to 3.2%, suggesting a potential shift in inflation dynamics that could complicate the Fed's decision-making regarding interest rates [2][3][9] Group 2 - The impact of tariffs on CPI is varied, with some categories showing significant price increases while others have weakened, indicating a complex relationship between tariffs and inflation [4][10] - As of July, it is estimated that tariffs have already influenced core commodity prices by approximately 40% to 74%, depending on the assumptions made about price trends without tariffs [10][11] - If the overall tariff rate rises to 15.3%, the remaining unaccounted tariff impact on core commodity prices could add 0.14 to 0.2 percentage points to overall CPI [5][11] Group 3 - Market expectations for a rate cut in September have surged, with probabilities reaching 96% following the July CPI report and weak employment data [6][14][26] - Historical data suggests that when market expectations for rate cuts exceed 90%, the Federal Reserve has consistently followed through with actual cuts [16][17] - Despite the high probability of a rate cut, ongoing inflation pressures and employment data volatility may lead to increased uncertainty in future monetary policy [16][26]

始出现紧张。 从2023Q3国债供给恐慌的复盘来看,今年三季度如果 美债收益率因为国债供给增加、流动性收紧等因素出现 快速走高,可能成为倒逼美联储加速宽松的诱因,届时 可能进一步明确美联储在9月重启降息以对冲利率走高 对经济的冲击、同时美联储可能退出量化紧缩。 2025Q3财政部计划再融资规模1.007万亿美元 7.50 7.00 1.50 1 00 0.50 nt.ill.hillil. (0.50) 2018-09 2019-03 2017-09 2018-03 2019-09 2020-03 60 Too 012-09 014-05 015-03 2016-09 2017-03 023-03 023-09 013-03 013-09 014-03 2015-09 2016-03 2024-03 2024-09 011-09 012-03 025-03 025-09 ■财政部实际融资金额(2025Q2-Q3为预测值,万亿美元) Q3中长期国债净发行4700亿美元,短期国债净发行5370亿美元 0.80 3.00 7 40 0.60 0.40 0.20 023-12 020-12 021-09 023-03 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article presents five key judgments regarding the current economic situation in China, indicating that the worst period of economic circulation is likely over, and emphasizes a shift away from reliance on extraordinary policies and the loosest monetary policy phase [2][18]. Group 1: Economic Circulation - The worst period of economic circulation is likely passing, with a GDP growth rate of 5.3% in the first half of the year and leading indicators showing objective improvement [2][3]. - Key indicators of economic circulation include the difference in growth rates between corporate and household deposits, M1 growth, and various measures of household savings behavior, all of which have shown signs of recovery over the past 6-9 months [3][4]. Group 2: Policy Changes - The reliance on extraordinary policy measures is diminishing, with a focus on the effectiveness of existing policies rather than new ones, as evidenced by a 8.9% increase in fiscal spending in the first half of the year [7][8]. - The potential for new incremental policies in the second half of the year is significantly reduced, with a focus on monitoring the release of household deposits and leading indicators [7][8]. Group 3: Monetary Policy - The period of the most accommodative monetary policy is likely coming to an end, as indicated by the current state of household deposits and the relationship between deposit behavior and monetary policy [9][12]. - The total household deposits have reached 160 trillion, with a significant portion being precautionary savings, suggesting a shift in monetary policy dynamics [9][12]. Group 4: Investment Landscape - The relative attractiveness of bonds compared to stocks is changing, with a notable increase in the Sharpe ratio for stocks, indicating a potential shift in asset allocation from bonds to stocks [12][14]. - The capital market's stability and attractiveness are being reinforced by policy interventions, which have reduced volatility and downside risks in the stock market [12][14]. Group 5: Competition and Market Dynamics - The current phase of intense competition driven by unfair practices is likely coming to an end, with ongoing efforts to regulate and optimize market competition [14][16]. - The government is focusing on enhancing market order and addressing issues related to unfair competition, which may positively impact economic circulation and pricing [16][17].

Core Viewpoint - The "valuation-dividend" quadrant analysis framework indicates that industries with low valuation (P/E percentile < 50%) and high dividend yield (> 3%) (Quadrant II) exhibit significant excess returns, while high valuation and low dividend yield industries (Quadrant IV) face notable correction risks. The food and beverage industry has transitioned from a high valuation trap (Quadrant IV) in 2021 to a low valuation and high dividend yield zone (Quadrant II) after four years of valuation digestion, enhancing its investment attractiveness and safety margin due to a low valuation level (12.0% historical percentile) and a relatively high dividend yield (3.6%) [2][6]. Group 1: Valuation-Dividend Quadrant Model - The "valuation-dividend" quadrant model is constructed using valuation and dividend dimensions to assess industry allocation value. The horizontal axis represents the P/E percentile, calculated using dynamic historical percentiles from the past 20 years, while the vertical axis represents the rolling dividend yield from the past 12 months. Quadrant I includes high valuation (historical percentile > 50%) and high dividend yield (> 3%) industries, Quadrant II includes low valuation (historical percentile < 50%) and high dividend yield (> 3%) industries, Quadrant III includes low valuation (historical percentile < 50%) and low dividend yield (< 3%) industries, and Quadrant IV includes high valuation (historical percentile > 50%) and low dividend yield (< 3%) industries. Historically, industries in Quadrant II tend to have better risk-return ratios and allocation value, while Quadrant IV industries require caution [4][15]. Group 2: Historical Validation - As of the end of 2023, the banking industry was in Quadrant II, with a dividend yield of 6.0% and a P/E percentile of only 0.3%. This configuration highlighted the industry's allocation value, leading to a significant outperformance of the banking sector, which rose by 52.83% from early 2024 to August 8, 2025, outperforming the broader market by 30.64 percentage points [18]. - In contrast, during the market peak in Q3 2021, the food and beverage and power equipment industries were in Quadrant IV, with dividend yields of 1.1% and 0.4%, and P/E historical percentiles of 78.0% and 82.3%, respectively. These industries subsequently underperformed the market, with returns from Q4 2021 to August 8, 2025, being -34.82% and -34.75%, lagging the broader market by approximately 35 percentage points [19]. Group 3: Food and Beverage Industry Transition - The food and beverage industry has transitioned from a risk zone to a value zone, entering Quadrant II as of August 8, 2025, with a P/E percentile of 12.0% and a dividend yield of 3.6%. This shift signifies a qualitative change, as the current low valuation level and relatively high dividend yield enhance the industry's allocation cost-effectiveness and safety margin [22]. Group 4: Weekly Economic Observation - The Huachuang Macro WEI index rose to over 7%, reaching 7.28% as of August 3, 2025, up from 6.35% on July 27, 2025. The increase is primarily driven by infrastructure (asphalt operating rate) and durable goods consumption (passenger car sales) [7][25]. - In real estate, the decline in residential sales has narrowed, with a year-on-year decrease of -17% in the first week of August across 67 cities, compared to -22% in July [8][29]. - The operating rate of asphalt facilities was 31.7% as of August 6, 2025, showing a year-on-year increase of 5.2%, while cement dispatch rates were at 39.2%, slightly down from the previous week but better than the same period last year [33].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights recent policy developments in China, focusing on education, financial support for industrialization, and rural infrastructure improvements, indicating a strategic push towards enhancing social welfare and economic resilience [2][3][11][12]. Group 1: Education Policy - On August 5, the State Council issued an opinion to gradually implement free preschool education, starting from the autumn semester of 2025, which will exempt public kindergarten fees for approximately 12 million children, resulting in an estimated increase in national fiscal expenditure of about 20 billion yuan for the upcoming semester [11]. - The policy aims to reduce family expenses by an equivalent amount and will be funded jointly by central and local governments, with the central government covering a larger share [11]. Group 2: Financial Support for Industrialization - On August 5, the People's Bank of China and seven other departments released guidelines to support new industrialization, emphasizing the need for financial institutions to provide long-term financing for key manufacturing sectors such as integrated circuits, medical equipment, and advanced materials [12]. - The guidelines encourage financing for emerging industries like new energy, high-end equipment, and biomedicine, while also stressing the importance of risk management to prevent misuse of funds [12]. Group 3: Rural Infrastructure Development - On August 6, the Ministry of Transport announced a new round of rural road improvement plans, aiming to complete the construction and renovation of 300,000 kilometers of rural roads by 2027, with 130,000 kilometers targeted for completion in 2024 [3].

Core Viewpoint - The global manufacturing sector is likely to experience a moderate slowdown, but there are structural highlights, particularly in ASEAN countries and Africa, where manufacturing sentiment remains high. Short-term positive trends may also be observed in ASEAN countries and the Eurozone manufacturing PMI [2][22]. Group 1: Global Manufacturing Cycle Status - The global manufacturing cycle is closely linked to global trade growth, analyzed through hard indicators like industrial production and soft indicators like manufacturing PMI [4][12]. - From the global industrial production index, there has been a decline in year-on-year growth from 3.6% in March to 3.1% in May, still above last year's average of 1.7% [5][14]. - The main contributors to growth are China, the Eurozone, developed Asian economies (excluding Japan), Africa, and the Middle East, with the top four regions contributing 2.8% to the global industrial production index [5][14]. - The Eurozone is leading in growth, while emerging Asian economies (excluding China) are experiencing declines, indicating a recovery in Eurozone industrial demand [5][14]. Group 2: Global Manufacturing PMI Analysis - The global manufacturing PMI has dropped below the expansion threshold to 49.7% in July from 50.4% in June, indicating a weakening manufacturing cycle [6][20]. - Factors suppressing manufacturing activity in the second half of the year include significant order front-loading in the first half, leading to a decline in new export orders and a reduction in inventory levels in the U.S. [6][20]. - Emerging markets are performing better than developed markets, but the gap is narrowing, with July manufacturing PMI for emerging markets at 50.5% and developed markets at 49.1% [7][20]. - Among 22 sample economies, only five had manufacturing PMI above the expansion line in July, with India leading at 59.1% [7][21]. - Notably, 14 economies saw an increase in manufacturing PMI from June to July, with Vietnam showing the largest increase of 3.5 points [7][21]. Group 3: Key Data Review and Tracking - Upcoming key economic data includes the U.S. July CPI on August 12 [29]. - Recent data shows the U.S. composite PMI exceeded expectations, while the Eurozone's performance was below expectations [30]. - The U.S. retail sales growth rebounded, with a year-on-year increase of 6.5% reported [34].

Economic Data Summary - The GDP growth rate for the first half of the year is reported at 7.2% [3] - Real estate sales have shown a cumulative growth rate of -10.6% [3] - Fixed asset investment has a cumulative growth rate of 11.2% [3] - Retail sales have a cumulative growth rate of 16.5% [3] - Industrial output has a cumulative growth rate of 14.5% [3]