Group 1: Economic Indicators - The Huachuang Macro WEI index has rebounded to 10.75% as of January 25, 2026, up 2.60% from January 11, 2026 [9] - The land premium rate has increased to 3.6% as of January 25, 2026, with a four-week average of 1.7% [4][13] - Container throughput at ports has shown a year-on-year increase of 7.7% as of January 26, 2026, despite a week-on-week decrease of 4.4% [4][22] Group 2: Real Estate and Construction - The sales of commercial residential properties remain below last year's Lunar New Year levels, with a year-on-year decrease of 20% in the week ending January 31, 2026 [4][13] - The construction industry shows weak performance, with the operating rate lower than last year's Lunar New Year period [4][20] Group 3: Trade and Prices - Agricultural products and oil prices have risen, with egg prices increasing by 3.1% and crude oil prices reaching $65.2 per barrel, up 6.8% [4][36] - The Baltic Dry Index (BDI) has surged by 21.9%, indicating a significant increase in shipping costs [37] Group 4: Financial Markets - The stock-bond Sharpe ratio difference remains high at 3.91, indicating better relative value in stocks compared to bonds [11] - The DR007 rate has slightly increased to 1.5926% as of January 30, 2026, reflecting changes in liquidity conditions [45]

报告摘要 （一）本周和未来一周的海外重要经济数据 文 ： 华创证券首席经济学家 张瑜 执业证号：S0360518090001 联系人： 付春生(18482259975) 核心观点 高频来看，美国初请失业金人数仍处于低位，海外大宗商品价格大幅上涨但周五明显回调，美国汽油零售 价持续反弹，美国信用利差有所扩大。经济数据方面，美国去年12月PPI环比超预期，欧元区四季度GDP好 于预期，日本1月东京CPI低于预期。关注即将公布：美国1月ISM制造业（2/2）、1月非农数据（2/2）、2 月密歇根消费者信心指数（2/6），欧元区1月CPI（2/4）、欧央行利率决议（2/5）。 1 月 26 日 -30 日当周，美国： 去年 11 月耐用品订单环比初值好于预期，去年 12 月 PPI 环比超预期， 1 月世界大型企业研究会消费者信心指数低于预期， 1 月 MNI 芝加哥 PMI 好于预期。 欧元区 ：去年 4 季 度 GDP 好于预期，去年 12 月失业率好于预期。 日本 ： 去年 12 月工业产值好于预期， 1 月东京 CPI 低 于预期，去年 12 月失业率符合预期，去年 12 月零售环比低于预期。 2 月 2 日 ...

文 ： 华创证券首席经济学家 张瑜 执业证号：S0360518090001 联系人： 付春生(18482259975) 报告摘要 相较目前的美联储体系，沃什有三个最重要的改变：决策机制的转变、新的通胀理论、反对过度QE和支持 缩表。最后是否成功以及对美元资产的中期影响，或并不取决于"沃什"本人是谁，而是美国生产率繁荣叙 事的落地 。 沃什是谁，主要的政策主张？ 从身份和背景履历来看，沃什是前美联储理事、三栖精英、特朗普"自己人" 。1）犹太人，法学博士（非科 班）。2）横跨政、商、学三界，曾在小布什政府任职，35岁就任美联储历史上最年轻的理事，金融危机实 战专家（参与2008年金融危机救助和决策）；有华尔街背景，曾任摩根士丹利并购与资本市场高管，也在 多年内任职斯坦福大学研究员和讲师。3）特朗普曾多次公开赞扬沃什，岳父是特朗普长期好友及共和党重 要捐助者。 从政策倾向来看，沃什更多是灵活务实者、过度QE批评者（支持缩表），联储改革派。 1）在通胀问题上 较为灵活，曾以"通胀鹰派"著称，但近年以来支持更快降息而不担心通胀反弹。2）一以贯之的过度QE批评 者，支持缩表。3）联储改革派，美联储应该更小、更专业、框架 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article focuses on "Four Golden Crosses and Their Implications for Investment," highlighting significant economic signals that indicate potential shifts in the economic landscape [2]. Group 1: Golden Cross of New and Old Economy GDP Proportions - A model categorizes the economy into new (equipment manufacturing, information, leasing, and business services) and old (real estate, construction, and building materials) sectors. In 2015, the new economy accounted for 14.5% of GDP, while the old economy was at 24.2%, a 10 percentage point difference. By 2025, the new economy is projected to rise to 20%, surpassing the old economy at 19.7%, marking a significant shift in economic structure [3]. - This change suggests that even if the old economy does not stabilize, the overall economy may still recover due to the growth and increased size of the new economy, aligning with expectations of nominal GDP bottoming out and rebounding by 2026 [3]. Group 2: Golden Cross of Household Wealth Structure - A simplified model of household wealth focuses on urban housing and financial assets. By 2026, financial assets (deposits and non-deposit financial assets) are expected to exceed the total market value of urban residential properties for the first time. Since 2022, the total market value of urban housing has been declining, while financial assets have been growing, indicating a potential shift in household wealth dynamics [6]. - If this golden cross occurs, it could lead to a new phase in household wealth, positively impacting social risk appetite and consumer spending tendencies [6]. Group 3: Recovery of Spending Willingness Across Three Sectors - The article examines the spending willingness of residents, government, and overseas sectors. The combined spending willingness of these three sectors has been declining since 2021. However, a turning point is anticipated in 2024-2025, with a stabilization in 2024 and a potential recovery in 2025, driven by better-than-expected exports and increased fiscal counter-cyclical measures [7]. - If this positive trend continues into 2026, it is expected to gradually reflect in economic data [7]. Group 4: Optimal Midstream Economic Conditions - An analysis of supply-demand structures in the manufacturing sector reveals that the midstream segment currently exhibits the best balance, surpassing the high point of 2021. The downstream sector has just turned positive in terms of supply-demand growth differentials, while upstream conditions may lag behind due to their strong ties to the old economy [10]. - The midstream sector's favorable conditions are clear and independent, suggesting a potential improvement in upstream supply-demand dynamics in the future [10].

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) has decided to pause interest rate cuts, maintaining the federal funds target rate at 3.5%-3.75%, which aligns with market expectations [2][15]. Economic Factors - The focus for this year's interest rate cuts is on the employment recovery trend rather than inflation constraints. The employment growth threshold is set at 100,000 jobs per month, which could determine the Fed's future actions regarding rate cuts [4][10]. - The employment market has shown signs of weakness since 2025, influenced by factors such as immigration restrictions, government layoffs, and structural impacts from AI. The Fed may pause rate cuts if job growth stabilizes around 100,000 per month [4][10]. - Inflation should not be viewed as a precondition for rate cuts but rather as a feedback mechanism from the economy. Current inflation risks are considered weak, with core goods inflation unlikely to rise significantly [4][10]. Non-Economic Factors - The potential for fiscal stimulus under election pressure is a key non-economic factor that could affect rate cut expectations later in the year. This is more significant than changes in Fed personnel [11][12]. - The upcoming midterm elections are expected to drive fiscal policies, with Trump potentially introducing additional fiscal measures to gain voter support if current non-spending measures fail [12]. FOMC Meeting Insights - The FOMC's recent meeting reflected a more optimistic tone regarding economic growth, shifting from "moderate expansion" to "solid expansion." The unemployment rate is showing signs of stabilization, although job growth remains low [15][16]. - Powell emphasized the importance of Fed independence during the press conference, avoiding questions about personnel changes and market volatility [16][17]. Market Reactions - The market anticipates two rate cuts this year, with a slight decrease in the probability of a June rate cut from 82.7% to 75.1%. Asset performance has been moderate as the market awaits earnings reports from major companies [20].

文 ： 华创证券首席经济学家 张瑜（执业证号：S0360518090001） 联系人： 陆银波（15210860866） 袁玲玲（微信 Yuen43） 点击查看往期： 2026年地方两会跟踪系列 | 分类 | | 省份 | 今年目标 | 去年目标 | 去年实际 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | 广东 | 4.5-5,在实际工作中全力争 取更好结果 | 5左右 | 3.9% | | 调整为 | 下调约0.5 | | 5-5.5,在实际工作中努力争 | | 5.5% | | 区间目 | 个点 | 浙江 | 取更好结果 | 5.5左右 | | | 标 | | 新疆 | 5-5.5 | 6左右 | 5.5% | | | 上调约0.5 个点 | 江西 | 5-5.5 | 5左右 | 5.2% | | | | 河南 | 5左右,在实际工作中努力 争取更好结果 | 5.5左右 | 5.6% | | | | 天津 | 4.5,在实际工作中努力争取 更好结果 | 5左右 | 4.8% | | 下调0.5个 | | 湖北 | 5.5左右 | 6左右 | 5.5% | | ...

文 ： 华创证券首席经济学家 张瑜 执业证号：S0360518090001 联系人： 付春生(18482259975) 报告摘要 伊朗骚乱似有平息，但"灰犀牛"的地缘风险仍存。本篇报告主要概述伊朗的基本经济国情，侧重自然资 源、优势产业和出口结构。 一、伊朗近期发生了什么？ 经济困境引发各地抗议，逐步升级为伊朗全国大规模骚乱，伤亡人数是过往动荡之最。 去年11月开始，伊 朗多地因物价上涨、货币贬值等问题发生抗议，随后扩散至全境并出现暴力骚乱和大规模伤亡，期间全面 断网8天。1月下旬局势趋于缓和。1月21日伊朗官方称近期骚乱事件导致3117人死亡。 地缘冲突风险仍存 。1月22日特朗普表示美国"大型舰队"正驶向伊朗周边。 从经济地理位置看，伊朗对霍尔木兹海峡具有强大控制力。 霍尔木兹海峡是全球能源贸易的咽喉要道，流 经该海峡的石油和其他液体燃料贸易量约占全球消费量约20%，占全球海运贸易量约27%，流经该海峡的 LNG贸易量约占全球LNG贸易量的20%，约占全球天然气贸易量的9%。 二、伊朗的主要自然资源 1、石油：全球探明原油储量第三，目前日产量约320万桶/日，出口量约180万桶/日。 伊朗探明原油储量约 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the GDP targets and economic strategies of various provinces in China for 2026, highlighting adjustments in goals and key focus areas for growth and investment. Summary by Sections GDP Targets - Guangdong's GDP target is set at 4.5-5%, down from last year's target of around 5%, with an actual growth of 3.9% [2] - Zhejiang has adjusted its target to 5-5.5%, maintaining last year's target of around 5.5% with an actual growth of 5.5% [2] - Hubei aims for a GDP growth of around 5.5%, down from last year's target of around 6% with an actual growth of 5.5% [12] - Fujian's GDP target is set at around 5%, with last year's target being 5-5.5% and an actual growth of 5% [18] Investment Plans - Guangdong plans to implement 2,000 provincial key projects with an investment of over 980 billion yuan, down from last year's target of 1 trillion yuan [5] - Hubei aims to advance over 12,200 projects with significant investments, including strategic projects like the Three Gorges waterway [12] - Fujian plans to implement 1,550 provincial key projects with an annual investment of 715 billion yuan [18] Consumption Goals - Hubei's social retail target for 2026 is not publicly set, while the 2025 target was around 7%, with an actual growth of 2.7% [12] - Fujian's social retail target for 2026 is not disclosed, with the 2025 target being around 5.5% and an actual growth of 4.4% [18] Key Industries and Focus Areas - The article highlights the emphasis on emerging industries such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and renewable energy across various provinces [2][3] - Hubei plans to implement the "Artificial Intelligence+" initiative and develop three major computing power circles [12] - Fujian aims to enhance its marine economy and implement an artificial intelligence enterprise cultivation plan [18] Employment and Social Goals - Hubei targets to create over 700,000 new urban jobs in 2026, aligning income growth with economic growth [12] - Fujian aims to control the urban unemployment rate at around 5% and create 500,000 new jobs [18]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recovery of industrial enterprise profits in December, driven by a decrease in other income losses, and provides a comprehensive review of profit structures across various sectors for the year 2025, highlighting the performance of midstream manufacturing, downstream consumer goods, upstream materials, and bulk commodity-related industries [2][3][24]. Group 1: December Industrial Enterprise Profit Data - In December, profits of industrial enterprises increased by 5.3%, reversing a 13.1% decline in November, marking an 18.4 percentage point recovery [2][24]. - By December 2025, inventory levels showed a year-on-year increase of 3.9%, down from 4.6% previously [2][24]. - State-owned enterprises experienced a profit decline of 51.5%, while private enterprises saw a growth of 0.56%, and foreign and Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan enterprises reported a profit increase of 41.4% [2][24]. - The Producer Price Index (PPI) in December was -1.9%, improving from -2.2% in November, while industrial value-added growth was 5.2% in December compared to 4.8% in November [2][24]. Group 2: Annual Profit Structure Review Midstream Manufacturing - In 2025, midstream manufacturing profits increased to 5.2%, up from 5.1% in 2024, with a profit growth rate of 7.7% [3][10]. - The equipment manufacturing sector contributed significantly, with a 7.7% profit increase, accounting for 39.8% of total industrial profits, a rise of 2.6 percentage points from the previous year [3][10]. - Notable growth was observed in the railway, shipbuilding, aerospace, and electronics sectors, with profit growth rates of 31.2% and 19.5% respectively [3][10]. Downstream Consumer Goods - Downstream consumer goods faced profit pressures, with a profit growth rate of -5.9% and a profit margin decrease to 6.6% in 2025 [4][11]. - Only three out of thirteen consumer goods sectors reported positive profit growth, with significant declines in sectors such as entertainment products and textiles, where profits fell by over 10% [4][11]. Upstream Materials - The upstream materials sector saw a profit decline of -15%, with profit margins dropping to 3.7%, below 2015 levels [5][17]. - Seven out of nine industries in this sector reported negative profit growth, with coal mining experiencing a significant decline of -41.8% [5][17]. Bulk Commodity-Related Industries - Profits in bulk commodity-related industries grew by 5.8%, surpassing the overall industrial growth rate, with profit share increasing to 10.9% [6][21]. - However, oil and gas extraction faced a profit decline of -18.7%, while non-ferrous mining and processing saw substantial growth rates of 36.1% and 22.6% respectively [6][21].

Core Viewpoint - The importance of the "Affordability" issue is increasingly prominent as the U.S. enters the midterm election year, with Trump proposing several policies aimed at addressing this concern [2]. Group 1: Proposed Policies - The proposed policies can be categorized into four areas: housing, finance, cost of living, and defense [21]. - In the housing sector, Trump has proposed two measures: directing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to purchase $200 billion in mortgage-backed securities (MBS) to lower mortgage rates, and restricting large institutional investors from buying single-family homes to stabilize home prices [21][26]. - In the finance sector, a proposal to set a credit card interest rate cap at 10% has been introduced [22]. - For the cost of living, three measures include issuing tariff dividends, requiring large tech companies to cover their electricity infrastructure costs, and a comprehensive healthcare plan aimed at reducing medical expenses [23][24]. - In defense, a proposal has been made to prohibit defense contractors from stock buybacks and dividends while limiting executive compensation [25]. Group 2: Feasibility of Policies - The feasibility of these policies is assessed based on whether they require congressional legislation, the attitudes of both parties, and predictions from the betting market [27]. - Two of the proposed policies do not require congressional approval and have already begun implementation: directing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to purchase MBS, and prohibiting defense contractors from stock buybacks and dividends [29][32]. - The remaining five policies may require congressional legislation, with varying degrees of clarity regarding their implementation paths [29][33][34]. Group 3: Potential Impacts - The potential impacts of the proposed policies are significant, particularly in four areas: 1. Directing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to purchase MBS could help narrow mortgage loan spreads, although their holdings represent only about 1.1% of the total MBS market [46][50]. 2. Restricting institutional purchases of homes could affect only about 3% of the market, as large investors hold a small share of single-family rentals [53][59]. 3. The proposed credit card interest rate cap could reduce rates by 11%, but the net interest margin for credit card businesses is only around 9% to 10%, potentially making the business unprofitable [63][65]. 4. The prohibition on dividends and buybacks for defense contractors could impact their financial strategies, as these actions currently represent a significant portion of their market value [17]. Group 4: Future Monitoring Points - Key future monitoring points include the Defense Secretary's review of defense contractors on February 6, the State of the Union address on February 24, the presidential budget proposal in February-March, and potential affordability measures that may be announced during the primary election period from May to August [4].