Core Viewpoint - The article discusses various macroeconomic reports and analyses, focusing on investment strategies and market trends, particularly in relation to the Chinese economy and global financial conditions [2][4]. Group 1: Macroeconomic Analysis - The report highlights the importance of understanding the "restructuring" index of gold as a signal for capturing global order changes [3]. - It emphasizes the dual mission of consumption in the Chinese economy, reflecting on September economic data [3]. - The analysis of industrial enterprise profits indicates that corporate pressures are beginning to transmit positively to the asset side [3]. Group 2: Financial Sector Insights - The report discusses the implications of monetary policy adjustments, particularly the focus on "low price" strategies in the third quarter of 2024 [3]. - It provides insights into the trends of M1 money supply and the factors contributing to its year-on-year decline [3]. - The analysis of household debt reveals who is actively participating in deleveraging efforts [3]. Group 3: Policy Tracking - The article reviews recent policies aimed at supporting the real estate sector, indicating a shift in fiscal support [4]. - It notes the ongoing reforms and the continuous push for opening up the economy, reflecting the government's commitment to economic stability [4]. - The report outlines the incremental policy changes that have been implemented since September 24, highlighting their impact on the market [4].

Group 1 - The core phenomenon observed is the divergence between tax revenue growth and nominal GDP growth, with a tax-economic gap reaching 7.6% in 2024 and not significantly narrowing in 2025 [2][10] - The decline in tax revenue is attributed to the fact that 80% of tax revenue is price-related, and during periods of falling PPI, tax revenue decreases more significantly than nominal GDP [2][10] - Four main pathways contributing to tax revenue reduction are identified: energy structure transformation, stabilizing the real estate market, financial cost reduction, and encouraging technological innovation, leading to an estimated total tax revenue reduction of approximately 1.06 trillion yuan, equivalent to 6% of the projected national tax revenue for 2024 [2][10] Group 2 - The energy structure transformation is expected to reduce vehicle purchase tax and consumption tax by approximately 265 billion yuan annually, with significant contributions from the phase-out of taxes on new energy vehicles [3][15][19] - The real estate market stabilization measures are projected to result in a reduction of about 230 billion yuan in transaction-related taxes, primarily from land value-added tax and deed tax [4][27][30] - Financial cost reduction initiatives are estimated to decrease corporate income tax by around 270 billion yuan due to the narrowing interest margins affecting banks' taxable profits [5][37][41] - Encouragement of technological innovation through increased R&D expense deductions is anticipated to lead to a corporate income tax reduction of approximately 540 billion yuan [6][44][45]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current macroeconomic environment and its implications for investment strategies, emphasizing the importance of understanding both domestic and international factors affecting market dynamics [3][4]. Group 1: Domestic Fundamentals - The report highlights the resilience of the domestic economy, noting that key indicators such as industrial profits and consumer spending remain robust despite external uncertainties [3][4]. - It points out the dual mission of consumption in driving economic growth while also addressing structural challenges within the economy [3][4]. Group 2: Financial Insights - The analysis indicates a trend of increasing financial support from the government to stabilize market expectations, particularly in the real estate sector [4]. - It discusses the implications of monetary policy adjustments and the need for careful monitoring of financial indicators to gauge future economic performance [3][4]. Group 3: Policy Tracking - The article reviews recent policy measures aimed at fostering economic growth and stability, emphasizing the ongoing commitment to reform and opening up [4]. - It notes the significance of fiscal policies in supporting key sectors and the potential for new policies to emerge in response to evolving economic conditions [4]. Group 4: International Context - The report examines the impact of global economic trends, including U.S. monetary policy and trade dynamics, on the domestic market [3][4]. - It highlights the importance of understanding international economic signals to make informed investment decisions [3][4].

华 创 证券研究所 定 位 为 面 向 专 业 投 资 者的研究团队，本资料仅适用于经认可的 专 业 投 资 者 ， 仅 供 在 新 媒 体 背景下研究 观 点 的 及 时 交 流 。 华 创证券不因任何订阅本资料的行为而将订 阅 人 视 为 公 司 的 客 户 。 普 通 投资者若使 用 本 资 料 ， 有 可 能 因 缺乏解读服务而对报告中的关键假设、评 级 、 目 标 价 等 内 容 产 生 理 解 上的歧义， 进 而 造 成 投 资 损 失 。 本资料来自华创证券研究所已经发布的研究报告，若对报告的摘编产生歧义，应以报告发布当日的完整内容为 准。须注意的是，本资料仅代表报告发布当日的判断，相关的分析意见及推测可能会根据华创证券研究所后续发 布的研究报告在不发出通知的情形下做出更改。华创证券的其他业务部门或附属机构可能独立做出与本资料的意 见或建议不一致的投资决策。本资料所指的证券或金融工具的价格、价值及收入可涨可跌，以往的表现不应作为 日后表现的显示及担保。本资料仅供订阅人参考之用，不是或不应被视为出售、购买或认购证券或其它金融工具 的要约或要约邀请。订阅人不应单纯依靠本资料的信息而取代自身的独立判断 ...

Core Viewpoint - The document emphasizes that the research material is intended solely for professional investors associated with Huachuang Securities, highlighting the importance of appropriate investor suitability management [1][3]. Group 1 - The research team at Huachuang Securities is positioned to provide timely exchanges of viewpoints specifically for professional investors in the context of new media [3]. - The material is derived from previously published research reports by Huachuang Securities, and any discrepancies should refer to the complete content of the original reports [4]. - The opinions and analyses presented may change without notice based on subsequent reports from Huachuang Securities [4].

Core Viewpoint - The significant divergence between the stock-bond Sharpe ratio and price trends indicates a notable recovery in the attractiveness of equities compared to bonds, although the price response has been lagging [2][6][22]. Group 1: Key Indicators - Over the past two years, equity assets have underperformed compared to bond assets, with the ten-year government bond yield hitting record lows while the dividend yield of the Wande All A index has reached new highs [6][14]. - The decline in the equity-bond yield spread suggests a growing preference for bond assets, as investors demand higher dividend returns from equity assets [6][14]. - The underperformance of equity assets is attributed to their higher volatility and drawdown compared to bonds, leading to a preference for lower-risk bond investments [6][19]. Group 2: Underlying Logic - The recovery in the stock-bond Sharpe ratio is primarily driven by policy measures that have mitigated risks, limiting downward expressions in the stock market and reducing volatility [3][8][26]. - Economic indicators, such as the scissors difference between corporate and household deposits, have shown signs of recovery since September 2024, suggesting that profit growth may be nearing its bottom [3][9][26]. Group 3: Investment Insights - The "highlight moment" for equities may occur earlier than expected, as the current environment shows a significant increase in the stock Sharpe ratio despite economic bottoming [4][10]. - The relationship between stocks and bonds in China is shifting towards favoring equities, with expectations that bonds may decline while stocks rise [4][11][30]. - Given the macroeconomic conditions, there is a need to emphasize the allocation value of equities compared to bonds [4][11].

文 ： 华创证券研究所副所长 、首席宏观分析师 张瑜（执业证号：S0360518090001） 联系人：夏雪 （微信 SuperSummerSnow） 目前，从已经披露的 28 个经济体的新定税率来看 ，巴西最高，为 50% ，其次是缅甸和老挝，为 40% ，泰国、柬埔寨、加拿大税率位列第三档，税率分别定 为 36% 、 36% 、 35% ，欧盟税率则为 30% ，日本、韩国税率定为 25% ，而越南、印尼、英国，与美国达成贸易协议（越南并未最终敲定），税率最低， 分别定为 20% 、 19% 、 10% 。 一、美国贸易谈判进展跟踪 （一）对等关税 2.0 概况 1 、新关税率是多少？详见图 1 7 月 7 日，特朗普签署行政令，将互惠对等关税暂停期延长至 8 月 1 日，并陆续向数十个贸易伙伴发送函件，宣布新的关税率将于 8 月 1 日生效，新的关税 率与 4 月 2 号对等关税率大体相同，在 10%-50% 之间。此外， 7 月 17 日，特朗普接受采访时表示，将向 150 多个国家发送关税信函，关税率可能是 10% 或 15% ，还没有最终决定。 核心观点 1 ） 7 月 7 日，特朗普签署行政令， ...

文 ： 华创证券研究所副所长 、首席宏观分析师 张瑜（执业证号：S0360518090001） 联系人： 陆银波（15210860866） 核心观点 本周从地区与行业视角，观察各地区的产业集中度以及各产业在地区层面的集中度。从产业的健康发展角 度，若所有地区都在发展该行业，则或易带来"内卷"。若所有地区在该行业投入都较少，则可能也同样不 易于产业进步。后续需要的关注产业或是这两个极端。 报告摘要 一、地区视角：各省份的核心产业是哪些？ 我们关注各省工业企业的分行业收入数据。基于各省统计年鉴（注：不含西藏），多数省份数据更新至 2023 年，个别例外。 以营收排名第一的行业占该省工业企业收入之比来看， 30 省平均值为 19.7% 。超过 20% 的包括 ：吉林 （汽车， 42.3% ）、山西（煤炭开采， 38.7% ）、河北（黑色金属冶炼及压延， 29.6% ）、北京（电 热， 28.4% ）、广东（电子设备制造业， 25.7% ）、海南（燃料加工业， 25.6% ）、上海（汽车制造 业， 20.9% ）、内蒙（煤炭开采， 20.7% ）、重庆（电子设备制造业， 20.6% ）等。 以营收排名前五的 行业合计 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current economic trends in China, highlighting both upward and downward movements in various sectors, including real estate, consumer goods, and infrastructure, while also noting the impact of external trade dynamics. Group 1: Economic Upturn - Land premium rates have rebounded to 7% as of July 13, with a two-week average of 5.9%, compared to 5.47% in June and 4.93% in May [2][10] - Domestic resource prices continue to rise, with significant increases in coal and steel prices, including a 1.6% rise in Shanxi thermal coal and a 6.7% increase in main coking coal prices [2][35] - Infrastructure activities are performing better than last year, with the oil asphalt operating rate at 32.8%, up 6.3% year-on-year, and cement dispatch rates at 40.1%, compared to 37.4% last year [2][16] Group 2: Economic Downturn - The Huachuang Macro WEI index has decreased to 5.96% as of July 13, down from 7.05% on July 6, indicating a decline in economic activity [3][5] - Retail sales growth for passenger vehicles has slowed, with a year-on-year increase of 6.6% as of July 13, down from 15% in June and 13.3% in May [3][9] - The decline in residential property sales has widened, with a 23.7% decrease in transaction area for 67 cities as of July 18, compared to a 17.6% decline in June [3][9] Group 3: Trade Dynamics - Port container throughput has decreased, with a cumulative year-on-year growth of 3.2% as of July 13, down from 4.5% the previous week [3][20] - The number of container ships from China to the U.S. has also declined, with a 15-day year-on-year decrease of approximately 11.1% as of July 19 [3][21] Group 4: Debt and Interest Rates - The issuance of special bonds has accelerated, with 2.59 trillion yuan issued as of July 18, representing 59% of the annual target, faster than the 42% progress of the previous year [4][41] - Bond market yields have shown fluctuations, with the one-year, five-year, and ten-year government bond yields reported at 1.3490%, 1.5256%, and 1.6652%, respectively, as of July 18 [4][60]

文 ： 华创证券研究所副所长 、首席宏观分析师 张瑜（执业证号：S0360518090001） 联系人： 陆银波（15210860866） 袁玲玲（微信 Yuen43） 报告摘要 2 、中美关系 ： 1 ） 7 月 17 日 ，国家主席夫人彭丽媛出席 2025 年"鼓岭缘"中美青少年联谊活 动。 2 ） 7 月 18 日 ，商务部新闻发言人答记者问时提到，"中方依法审批符合条件的管制物项出口 申请，美方于 7 月上旬相应取消了会谈涉及的对华限制措施。我们注意到，美方近日又主动表示将批 准对华销售英伟达 H20 芯片"。 风险提示： 政策更新不及时。 报告正文 一、 近一周党中央及国务院⾼层重要⾏程 近一周临近 7 月中央政治局会议，我们主要关注中央及相关部委对经济形势判断、宏观政策吹风。 1 、经济形势判断 ： 7 月 15 日，国新办举⾏新闻发布会介绍 2025 年上半年国民经济运⾏情况，国 家统计局指出，"上半年……国民经济顶住压力、迎难而上，经济运⾏总体平稳、稳中向好"。 2 、货币政策 ： 7 月 14 日，国新办举⾏新闻发布会，介绍 2025 年上半年货币信贷政策执⾏及金融 统计数据情况，央⾏指出， ...