中金公司 从美国看美国 - 对话华尔街：黄金、市场与全球 变局 20250321 摘要 • 特朗普政府的激进政策，如大幅削减预算和提高关税，旨在解决美国长期 问题，但其快速推进和广泛范围引发市场担忧，导致标普 500 指数自 2 月 以来回调约 10%。 • 特朗普政府增加关税的目的不仅在于保护国内产业，还在于增加财政收入 以弥补减税政策导致的赤字，这与传统关税理论有所不同，但可能导致美 国经济难以承受价格上涨压力。 • 美联储目前对降息持观望态度，但承诺 2025 年可能降息以应对经济疲软 或衰退风险，同时需权衡通货膨胀压力，其决策将直接影响市场走向。 • 尽管短期内美元可能疲软，但美国股市、债市和美元在全球金融体系中仍 占据核心地位，难以被其他货币取代，其长期地位由美国经济和政治制度 决定。 • 黄金价格突破 3,000 美元创历史新高，主要受"黄金搬家"现象和普通消 费者对现货需求推动，但相关股票表现滞后，市场对其持续性持谨慎态度。 • 全球纸黄金 ETF 的囤积量在 2020 年达到峰值后有所回落，目前虽有回升， 但仍低于历史高位，表明机构投资者对黄金的兴趣相对谨慎。 特朗普加征关税对美国经济结构和制 ...

Investment Rating - The report suggests a strategic long-term overweight in Chinese equities due to macro policy support and the potential for a rebound in valuations [6][51]. Core Insights - The report emphasizes a defensive asset allocation strategy in response to global market uncertainties, advocating for a focus on safe assets like gold and bonds while gradually increasing exposure to equities, particularly Chinese stocks [2][4]. - The report identifies a significant shift in asset correlation, noting that the correlation between Chinese stocks and bonds has turned negative, enhancing the protective efficiency of bonds against stock volatility [6][11]. - The report highlights the independent nature of the Chinese market compared to US and European markets, suggesting that it can serve as a diversification tool in global investment portfolios [7][9]. Summary by Sections Global Market Changes - The report outlines three key factors affecting the global market: China's weak recovery, the US economic slowdown, and political uncertainties in the US and Europe, which necessitated a defensive investment approach [2][4]. Asset Allocation Strategy - The report recommends a rebalancing of asset allocation towards riskier assets, particularly Chinese equities, following a significant policy shift in China and favorable outcomes from the US elections [5][6]. - It suggests maintaining a certain proportion of safe assets like gold and bonds to mitigate potential risks while increasing the allocation to equities due to their relatively low valuations and rebound potential [4][5]. Chinese Market Dynamics - The report notes that the Chinese stock market has shown resilience and potential for growth, driven by supportive macro policies and a favorable valuation environment compared to Western markets [6][51]. - It emphasizes the importance of strategic long-term allocation to Chinese stocks, highlighting their potential for significant returns in the context of global asset revaluation [51]. Gold and Bond Market Insights - The report indicates that gold prices have surged significantly since August 2022, driven by its safe-haven attributes and inflation-hedging capabilities, recommending an overweight position in gold [29][34]. - It discusses the bond market's performance in a low-inflation environment, suggesting that bonds typically appreciate during such periods, thus maintaining a positive outlook on Chinese bonds [49][50].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly state an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The Memory Summit 2025 showcased advancements in the storage industry, with key presentations from leading companies like Yangtze Memory Technologies, Samsung, and SK Hynix, focusing on the latest trends and developments in storage technology [3] - The enterprise storage market is expected to grow significantly, driven by AI applications, with a projected global market size of $45 billion by 2024 and domestic capital expenditure in data centers anticipated to exceed 600 billion yuan by 2025-2026 [3][26] - The report highlights the differences between enterprise and consumer storage, noting that enterprise SSDs are evolving towards larger capacities and higher performance, with TLC NAND dominating the market while QLC NAND presents future opportunities [3][15][16] Summary by Sections Memory Summit 2025 Highlights - The event featured major players in the storage industry, including Yangtze Memory Technologies and domestic companies like Jiangbolong and Lingyun Technology, discussing enterprise storage strategies and AI opportunities [3][4] - Various products were showcased, including DDR4/DDR5 memory modules and enterprise SSDs from companies like Haipuri Storage and Jianxing Storage Technology, emphasizing the shift towards domestic alternatives [5][6][7] Product Developments - Yangtze Memory Technologies introduced the ZhiTai Pro 9000 consumer product and plans to expand into the enterprise market with advanced 3D NAND technology [7] - Companies like Yiheng Chuangyuan and Derui Lingxin presented innovative enterprise storage solutions, focusing on PCIe interfaces and high-capacity SSDs [8][9] Market Trends - The enterprise storage market is projected to surpass 150 billion yuan, with significant growth driven by AI and high-performance computing demands [26][31] - The report notes that the enterprise storage market currently faces challenges from foreign manufacturers but is gradually seeing increased domestic competition and potential for market share growth [32][33]

海外策略专题 证券研究报告 2025.03.19 美股"泡沫"破裂了吗？ ——与互联网泡沫的对比 刘刚，CFA 分析员 杨萱庭 分析员 SAC 执证编号：S0080512030003 SFC CE Ref：AVH867 kevin.liu@cicc.com.cn SAC 执证编号：S0080524070028 xuanting.yang@cicc.com.cn 2025 年以来，美股尤其是科技龙头在全球市场中表现垫底，近期更是连续大跌，与由DeepSeek催化的港股科技龙头的 强势行情形成鲜明对比，这一"东升西落"的市场格局和叙事再度引发投资者对美股科技股泡沫风险的警惕。在美国增长放 缓但新动能尚未接棒、政策随意性又影响投资者信心的情况下，科技龙头的走势对美股和美国经济都有"牵一发而动全 身"的重要意义。那么，美股跌到哪了？本轮AI行情又走到哪了？互联网泡沫对当下有何借鉴？ 美股跌到哪了？指数层面，标普 500 和纳斯达克指数已经从历史高点分别下跌 10%和 14%，经过近期快速回调，二者均 已跌至年线支撑位 5600 和 17700 左右，与我们此前的预期一致（《美国增长走弱的"真相"》）。从情绪指标看，标 ...

港股策略专题 证券研究报告 2025.03.09 港股还能买吗？ ——基于估值视角的分析 SAC 执证编号：S0080512030003 SFC CE Ref：AVH867 kevin.liu@cicc.com.cn 刘刚，CFA 分析员 王牧遥 联系人 吴薇 分析员 SAC 执证编号：S0080123060036 muyao.wang@cicc.com.cn 因此静态来看，不论是横向对比其他资产和市场，还是纵向对比历史趋势，即使是在港股市场板块和个股内部，港股当 前估值仍处于历史区间的较低水平。 然而，估值分析如果忽视宏观与市场环境变化而仅停留在绝对值和分位数的对比，可能是"刻舟求剑"，毕竟横向和纵 向对比的前提是估值"均值"回归的假设，但历史有可能是再也回不去的过往。因此，对估值合理的判断，需要寻找估 值的锚点，尤其是结合当前的宏观与市场环境。我们通过建立解释估值变化的基本框架，对近期估值扩张的原因和前景 进行分析。 二、什么驱动了估值的快速反弹？动态看情绪驱动的修复已经基本到位 估值是基本面、政策、流动性、情绪等多方面共同作用的最终交易结果，可以简单拆解为融资成本（rf）和风险溢价（Equity ris ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The interplay between tariffs, AI, and the dollar is crucial for understanding the economic dynamics between China and the US, with AI trends attracting capital inflows and tariffs impacting trade balances [2][9] - The report emphasizes the importance of AI in sustaining financial account inflows for the US, while China's economic model relies on a surplus in the current account but faces capital outflows [10][11] Summary by Sections Section 1: US Economic Dynamics - The US has maintained a long-term current account deficit while achieving financial account surpluses, with AI trends significantly attracting capital inflows and supporting the dollar [2][3] - Historical data shows that the US current account deficit peaked at -6.3% of GDP in Q3 2006, while financial account surplus reached 7.2% of GDP [2] - The report highlights that the AI narrative has become a key driver of capital inflows since 2023, creating a positive feedback loop for the US economy [10][11] Section 2: China Economic Dynamics - China has experienced a long-term current account surplus since joining the WTO in 2001, but has faced increasing financial account deficits due to capital outflows [6][39] - The report notes that despite a surplus in the current account, the lack of effective capital inflows has hindered the transformation of foreign exchange reserves into domestic currency [41][15] - The need for China to stimulate domestic demand and attract capital inflows is emphasized, especially in light of external pressures from tariffs and global economic conditions [11][12] Section 3: Future Outlook - The report suggests that 2026 will be a critical year for both AI trends and tariff policies, with potential implications for capital flows and economic stability in both the US and China [12][10] - The ability of the US to continue attracting capital will largely depend on the sustainability of its AI advantage, while China must focus on structural reforms to enhance its economic resilience [11][12]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The report highlights significant inflows of southbound capital into the Hong Kong market, indicating a strong interest from investors despite market fluctuations [2][3] - The southbound capital inflow has been characterized by large scale and rapid speed, with daily net inflows exceeding 50 billion HKD on multiple occasions [2][3] - The report suggests that the future inflow potential could reach 6,000 to 8,000 billion HKD, with a total southbound capital market size potentially reaching 5.3 trillion HKD, accounting for approximately 15% of the total market capitalization [13][14] Summary by Sections Characteristics of Recent Southbound Inflows - The recent southbound inflows began in October last year and accelerated post-Spring Festival, with daily net inflows averaging 81.6 billion HKD in 2024, more than double the previous year's average [2][3] - The inflows are primarily driven by individual and private investors, with public funds and insurance companies also increasing their allocations [4][5] - A notable shift in investment focus from high-dividend stocks to technology stocks has been observed, with significant investments in companies like Alibaba and Tencent [4][5] Historical Context of Southbound Inflows - Historical analysis shows that significant southbound inflows often occur during periods of heightened market sentiment, typically correlating with market peaks [5][9] - The report outlines three major periods of accelerated inflows since the launch of the Stock Connect, each driven by different market conditions and investor behaviors [5][11] Potential for Future Inflows - The report estimates that the total potential inflow for 2024 could reach between 9,500 billion to 11 trillion HKD, with various investor categories contributing to this growth [14][15] - Specific estimates include potential inflows from insurance funds, private equity, and individual investors, each with varying degrees of impact based on market conditions [16][33] Pricing Power of Southbound Capital - While southbound capital has shown some pricing power in specific stocks and sectors, it does not possess absolute pricing power due to the open nature of the Hong Kong market [9][12] - The report indicates that the pricing influence of southbound capital is more pronounced in high-dividend and small-cap stocks, with a notable increase in their market share during inflow periods [12][9]

Q&A 近期 AI 多模态应用在传媒行业的进展如何？ 摘要 中金传媒月月谈：2 月行业稳健，关注 AI 多模态 20250318 《哪吒》、《唐探》和《封神》位列年度票房榜前三，也位列月度票房榜前三。 截至目前，《哪吒之魔童闹海》内地累计票房已超过 148 亿元，北美票房也超 过 2000 万美元，目前位居全球影史票房榜第五。猫眼预测总内地票房约为 152 亿元，这部分资本市场预期相对充分。 对一季度影院端及相关影片内容方的业绩有何预期？ AI 多模态应用在传媒行业的进展显著，主要体现在工具和应用两个方向。在工 具方面，AI 视频生成模型技术不断迭代升级。腾讯于 3 月 6 日发布并开源了其 图生视频模型，这些技术提升了生成时长、分辨率、基础文字生成的稳定性和 一致性，有助于专业内容创作者提高制作效率和原生内容质量。此外，创意功 能创新也在推进，例如推出创意特效模板支持用户一键生成内容。 在应用方面， AI 陪伴和 AI 交互是两个主要方向。AI 陪伴分为线上和线下两类：线上主要关 注拟人化、个性化、实时互动等核心要素，以满足用户的陪伴、娱乐需求；线 下则侧重于 AI 玩具及家庭小机器人，重点在于技术响应速度 ...

Investment Rating - The report highlights a positive outlook for the infant and child industry, particularly in light of recent government policies aimed at boosting birth rates and consumer spending in this sector [2][4]. Core Insights - The introduction of substantial child-rearing subsidies in cities like Hohhot is expected to accelerate the deployment of national-level child-rearing policies, positively impacting the infant and child market [2][5]. - The Chinese maternal and infant market is projected to grow from approximately 5.1 trillion yuan in 2023 to 5.4 trillion yuan in 2024, driven by increased consumer spending despite a declining birth rate [6]. - Companies like Kidswant are implementing aggressive expansion strategies to capture market share, particularly in lower-tier cities, which will likely enhance their market penetration [7]. Summary by Sections Policy Impact - Hohhot's child-rearing subsidy of 12,000 yuan for the first child and 30,000 yuan for the second child is significantly higher than previous city-level policies, indicating a potential shift in national policy [2]. - Following similar policies in Tianmen, the birth rate increased by 17% in 2024, demonstrating the effectiveness of financial incentives in boosting birth rates in lower-tier cities [4]. Market Size and Growth - The average annual spending on children in Chinese families ranges from 17,000 to 25,000 yuan, suggesting that the new subsidies could significantly increase consumer spending in the infant and child sector [2][3]. - The infant and child product market, particularly for ages 0-6, is estimated to be around 500 billion yuan, with essential goods like milk powder and diapers making up a substantial portion [6]. Company Strategies - Kidswant's "Three Expansion" strategy aims to open franchise stores in 1,000 counties by 2025, alongside investments in e-commerce and AI technologies to enhance customer engagement [7]. - Goodbaby International, a key player in the durable infant products market, is expected to benefit from the favorable policies due to its established brand and comprehensive product range [10]. Consumer Trends - Despite a decline in the population of children aged 0-14, spending on children's clothing and shoes has increased, indicating a shift in consumer priorities towards quality and functionality [12]. - The children's apparel market is projected to grow, with brands like Balabala maintaining a significant market share despite competitive pressures [13]. Future Outlook - The report suggests that the infant and child market will see a recovery in demand, particularly in the 0-6 age segment, driven by favorable government policies and increased consumer spending [14]. - Companies with strong market positions and innovative strategies, such as Goodbaby International and Kidswant, are well-positioned to capitalize on these trends [14].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly state an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The computing hardware sector has shown strong performance this year, particularly in terms of market attention, although it has underperformed compared to the application side. Companies like Nvidia have seen stock price corrections due to concerns over demand for high-performance chips [2][3] - Innovations from Deepseek have reduced reliance on traditional high-performance chips, raising concerns about short-term demand contraction for computing power, despite potential long-term demand growth [3][4] - Major cloud service providers are actively developing proprietary AI chips, which could pose competition to the GPU market. Companies like Google, Amazon, and Microsoft are increasing their chip output, while Meta collaborates with TSMC on specialized chips [3][6] - The PCB sector is benefiting from high-growth areas such as AI computing and smart driving, with several companies reporting impressive earnings. The demand for advanced HDI products is increasing due to the need for high-speed and stable communication [3][5] - The CCL market is experiencing price adjustments driven by rising demand in automotive electronics and AI products, alongside increases in raw material prices. Different CCL manufacturers need to adapt to ensure smooth cost transmission [3][9] Summary by Sections Section: Computing Hardware - The computing hardware sector has seen a strong market performance this year, particularly in terms of attention, but has underperformed relative to application sectors. Nvidia and other GPU manufacturers have faced stock price corrections due to concerns over demand [2][3] - Deepseek's innovations have led to a reduced dependency on high-performance chips, raising concerns about short-term demand contraction for computing power, despite the potential for long-term demand growth [3][4] Section: PCB Sector - The PCB sector has shown strong performance, with several companies reporting impressive earnings. The demand for advanced HDI products is increasing due to the need for high-speed and stable communication in AI servers and other applications [3][5] Section: CCL Market - The CCL market is undergoing price adjustments, influenced by rising demand in automotive electronics and AI products, as well as increases in raw material prices. Manufacturers need to adapt to ensure effective cost transmission [3][9] Section: AI Chip Development - Major cloud service providers are actively developing proprietary AI chips, which could pose competition to the GPU market. Companies like Google, Amazon, and Microsoft are increasing their chip output, while Meta collaborates with TSMC on specialized chips [3][6]