Investment Rating - The report assigns an "Outperform" rating to the company for the first time [4] Core Viewpoints - The merger of Guotai Junan and Haitong Securities has created a new industry giant, with total assets exceeding 2.01 trillion yuan and net assets reaching 338.9 billion yuan, both ranking first in the industry [1][9] - The company has demonstrated significant financial performance, with a 101.6% year-on-year increase in revenue and a 131.8% increase in net profit for the first three quarters of 2025 [2][15] - The company is focusing on deep collaboration in core businesses, leveraging its comprehensive financial service system to enhance competitive advantages [3] Company Overview - Guotai Haitong Securities was formed by the merger of Guotai Junan and Haitong Securities in April 2025, becoming the largest A+H dual-market brokerage in China's capital market [9] - The company's ownership structure is characterized by state-owned capital dominance, with significant participation from institutional investors, ensuring stable strategic execution [10] Financial Performance - For the first three quarters of 2025, the company achieved operating revenue of 458.92 billion yuan and a net profit of 220.74 billion yuan, driven by increased market activity and cost synergies [2][15] - The annualized ROE reached 8.10% by the third quarter of 2025, surpassing the industry average [2][15] Business Segments - The company has a comprehensive business layout, including securities brokerage, investment banking, asset management, and wealth management, providing a full range of financial services [16] - The asset management segment, formed by merging the asset management arms of both companies, has reached a management scale of 705.19 billion yuan, ranking second in the industry [57] Investment Banking - The investment banking business has strengthened resource integration and focused on cross-border operations, achieving a domestic securities underwriting amount of 708.18 billion yuan in the first half of 2025, ranking second in the industry [63] Profit Forecast and Valuation - The company is expected to see revenue growth rates of 36.0%, 12.4%, and 11.4% from 2025 to 2027, with net profit growth rates of 95.0%, -3.4%, and 12.1% respectively [71][72] - The current PB valuation is approximately 1.12 times, indicating a potential for valuation to align with industry averages due to the company's strong business and capital position [7][73]

证券研究报告 | 2025年12月23日 2025年12月27日 2025年12月28日 优于大市 牧业跟踪点评 商务部对欧盟进口乳制品实施临时反补贴措施，有望提振国产 原奶替代需求 |  | 行业研究·行业快评 | |  农林牧渔 |  投资评级：优于大市（维持） | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 证券分析师： | 鲁家瑞 | 021-61761016 | lujiarui@guosen.com.cn | 执证编码：S0980520110002 | | 证券分析师： | 李瑞楠 | 021-60893308 | liruinan@guosen.com.cn | 执证编码：S0980523030001 | | 证券分析师： | 江海航 | | jianghaihang@guosen.com.cn | 执证编码：S0980524070003 | 事项： 商务部于 2025 年 12 月 22 日发布初裁公告，自 2025 年 12 月 23 日起，采取临时反补贴税保证金的形式对 原产于欧盟的进口相关乳制品实施临时反补贴措施。 国信农业观点：1)商务部公布欧盟进口乳制品 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Weaker than the market" rating for the U.S. stock market, particularly focusing on the semiconductor sector [4]. Core Insights - The semiconductor sector has shown a strong upward trend in both fundamentals and stock prices, contributing significantly to the market's recovery [1]. - The S&P 500 index increased by 1.4%, with the semiconductor products and equipment sector rising by 4.0%, indicating robust performance compared to other sectors [1]. - There has been a notable inflow of funds into the semiconductor sector, with an estimated net inflow of $24.3 billion, highlighting investor confidence [2]. Summary by Sections 2.1 Investment Returns - The semiconductor products and equipment sector reported a weighted average price return of 4.0% this week, with a 56.2% return year-to-date [14]. 2.2 Fund Flows - The semiconductor sector experienced a net inflow of $2.433 billion this week, reflecting strong investor interest and confidence in the sector's growth potential [16]. 2.3 Earnings Forecast - The earnings per share (EPS) forecast for the semiconductor products and equipment sector was adjusted upward by 0.6% this week, indicating positive expectations for future performance [17]. 2.4 Valuation Levels - The report does not provide specific valuation levels for the semiconductor sector, but the overall positive trends in investment returns and earnings forecasts suggest a favorable outlook for valuations [19].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform" rating for the Hong Kong stock market [4] Core Views - The market has shown a mild recovery with differentiation among concepts and industries, as evidenced by the Hang Seng Index increasing by 0.5% and the Hang Seng Composite Index by 0.4% [1] - There is a notable divergence in performance among major concept indices, with the Hang Seng Automobile index rising by 0.6% and the Hang Seng Biotechnology index declining by 2.1% [1] - Overall, 20 industries experienced gains while 8 saw declines, with notable increases in sectors such as non-ferrous metals (+4.4%) and construction materials (+2.9%) [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Market Performance - The Hang Seng Index rose by 0.5% this week, while the Hang Seng Composite Index increased by 0.4% [1] - Small-cap stocks outperformed mid and large-cap stocks, with the Hang Seng Small Cap Index up by 0.6% [1] - The report highlights a mixed performance across major concept indices, with the Hang Seng Automobile index up by 0.6% and the Hang Seng Biotechnology index down by 2.1% [1] Valuation Levels - The valuation of the Hang Seng Index slightly decreased by 0.1% to 11.6x, while the Hang Seng Composite Index's valuation increased by 0.1% to 11.4x [2] - Most major concept indices saw an increase in valuation, particularly the Hang Seng Biotechnology index, which rose by 3.1% to 27.2x [2] - A total of 19 industries saw an increase in valuation, with significant gains in sectors like electric power equipment and new energy (+13.1%) and non-ferrous metals (+3.4%) [2] Earnings Expectations - The earnings per share (EPS) for the Hang Seng Index increased by 0.4% compared to the previous week, while the Hang Seng Composite Index's EPS rose by 0.2% [3] - The report indicates that 22 industries had upward revisions in EPS, with steel (+2.5%) and defense industry (+2.3%) showing notable increases [3] - Conversely, some sectors like electric power equipment and new energy saw a downward revision of EPS by 10.7% [3]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the industry is "Outperform the Market" [2][3] Core Insights - The beauty industry has entered a stable growth phase, with increasing consumer demand differentiation and intensified competition, necessitating higher operational standards for brand management [4][65] - Domestic brands, including Lin Qingxuan, have made significant progress in the high-end market, leveraging unique Chinese ingredients to create differentiated products and enhancing brand value through effective channel strategies [4][65] - Lin Qingxuan is positioned as a leading domestic high-end skincare brand, ranking 13th among all high-end skincare brands in China with a market share of 1.4% [5][26] Company Overview - Lin Qingxuan plans to officially list on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on December 30, issuing approximately 13.97 million H shares at an offering price of HKD 77.77 per share, aiming to raise around HKD 1.086 billion [4] - The company has established a full industry chain from raw material planting to R&D, production, and sales, focusing on its core product, the Camellia Oil, which has been a market leader for 11 consecutive years [5][6] Financial Performance - In 2024, Lin Qingxuan is projected to achieve revenue of CNY 1.21 billion, a year-on-year increase of 50.27%, and a net profit of CNY 187 million, up 121.06% [15] - The company has maintained rapid revenue growth over the past three years, with a significant increase in profit margins, indicating strong operational efficiency [15][20] Product and Channel Strategy - The core product, Camellia Oil, has seen substantial revenue growth, contributing 46% of total revenue in the first half of 2025, with a remarkable growth rate of 176% [39] - The company has a balanced online and offline channel strategy, with online sales accounting for 65% of total revenue in the first half of 2025, reflecting a 137% growth [18][47] Brand Positioning and Customer Base - Lin Qingxuan has over 5.6 million active customers, with an average annual repurchase rate of 33.5%, indicating strong brand loyalty [30] - The brand is actively expanding its customer base, targeting younger consumers aged 18 to 24 through affordable yet effective skincare solutions [34] Future Growth Plans - The company plans to use the funds raised from the IPO to enhance brand marketing, upgrade supply chain capabilities, and explore overseas markets, aiming for sustainable growth and brand diversification [62][64]

2026 年通胀形势中，一个不容忽视的技术性因素值得关注：CPI（居民消费 价格指数）统计中的基期权重调整，可能对通胀读数产生上行助推作用。 这一影响根植于我国 CPI 的统计制度设计。在计算过程中，各类商品与服务 的数量在基期确定后即保持固定，不随价格变动而调整。这意味着，在实际 生活中，当某种商品价格下跌时，居民往往倾向于购买更多数量，其消费支 出占比的降幅会小于价格降幅；但在 CPI 核算中，由于数量固定，该商品在 总消费篮子的金额权重会完全跟随价格同步下降，导致其统计权重持续偏离 实际消费结构。 证券研究报告 | 2025年12月27日 宏观经济周报 当基期调整遇上价格回暖 市场走势 以 2021-2025 年周期为例，肉类等部分商品价格经历显著且持续的下跌。在 这一过程中，其在 CPI 中的权重已被系统性压低，明显低于居民实际消费占 比。进入 2026 年，随着统计基期例行更新，各分项权重将迎来修正，以反 映最新的实际消费结构。这意味着过去几年价格下跌明显的品类，其统计权 重将面临一次性的明显上调。 恰逢 2026 年政策重心强调"反内卷"与推动价格合理回升，预计部分此前 承压的商品和服务价格将趋于 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "weaker than the market" rating for the U.S. stock market in 2026 [4] Core Insights - The current AI wave is compared to the late stages of the Internet bubble, indicating that it is in the 1→N phase, with the potential for significant growth in the N→N+ phase expected in the latter half of 2026 [3][4] - The report highlights that the AI industry's development is approximately one-third of the maximum extent seen during the Internet bubble, suggesting limited upside potential compared to historical peaks [3] - The analysis draws parallels between the factors that fueled the Internet bubble and the current market dynamics, emphasizing the role of financial supply and demand relationships [2][70] Summary by Sections Historical Background - The report discusses the historical context of the Internet bubble, attributing it to a combination of peace, fiscal reforms, and trade liberalization that created a favorable environment for asset inflation [11][70] - Key factors included a significant fiscal surplus post-World War II, a shift in deposit flows, and the emergence of non-bank financial institutions [1][70] Financial and Fundamental Factors - The report identifies the reversal of financial supply and demand as a direct cause of the Internet bubble's collapse, with excessive equity issuance leading to oversupply [2] - It notes that the fundamental overestimation of demand and underestimation of supply in the fiber optic market contributed to the bubble's burst [2] AI Wave Comparison - The report categorizes the AI wave into stages, likening the current phase to the late 1990s, suggesting that the AI industry is nearing the end of its initial growth phase [3] - It predicts a slowdown in growth during the first half of 2026, followed by a potential acceleration in the latter half as the industry transitions to a more mature phase [3] Market Dynamics - The report emphasizes the importance of understanding the interplay between investment expectations and the availability of financing, which has historically driven market cycles [70] - It highlights the role of external factors, such as foreign investment and trade dynamics, in shaping the financial landscape [60][70]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform" rating for Li Ning (02331.HK) [5][7] Core Insights - The Chinese sports and outdoor footwear and apparel market is projected to reach approximately 440 billion RMB by 2025, with a current growth rate of around 6% [1][15] - The company has experienced significant growth in the past, with net profit reaching 4 billion RMB in 2021, but has faced challenges since 2022, leading to a slowdown in revenue growth [2] - Li Ning is focusing on optimizing inventory and channels, with expectations for a rebound in profitability and brand strength due to new product launches and marketing strategies [2][4] Industry Overview - The sports industry is expanding, with a shift towards niche segments. The market structure is changing, with professional sports categories growing faster than fashion sports [1][15] - The competitive landscape is becoming more fragmented, with the market share of the top 10 brands decreasing from 76% in 2019 to 68% in 2025, indicating a rise in domestic brands [1][24] Company Performance Review - Li Ning's revenue growth slowed to single digits from 2022 to 2024 due to inventory and channel issues, but is expected to recover in 2025 with improved profitability [2][4] - The company has seen a significant increase in its direct channel profit margins, which are expected to rise from around 10% in 2023 to mid-double digits in 2025 [3] Product Cycle and Category Expansion - The company is shifting focus from basketball and lifestyle products, which have seen a decline, to running shoes, which are expected to grow at a rate of 25%-45% in 2023-2024 [3][31] - New product lines, including the "Super Capsule" technology for running shoes, are anticipated to drive growth [3][33] Marketing Strategy - Li Ning plans to increase its marketing expenditure from below 10% to low double digits starting in 2025, focusing on Olympic sponsorships and enhancing visibility in running and basketball categories [4][58] - The company is leveraging social media to boost brand engagement and visibility, with significant increases in post frequency and follower counts [4][70] Financial Forecast - The company is projected to achieve net profits of 2.4 billion RMB, 2.7 billion RMB, and 3.1 billion RMB for 2025, 2026, and 2027, respectively, reflecting a recovery trajectory [8][39] - The estimated reasonable valuation range for the company is between 21.20 and 22.30 HKD, corresponding to a PE ratio of approximately 19-20 times for 2026 [7][39]

- The "Hong Kong Stock Selection Portfolio" strategy is constructed based on a dual-layer selection process that combines fundamental and technical analysis. The initial stock pool is built using analyst recommendation events, such as upward earnings revisions, first-time coverage, and unexpected positive research report titles. From this pool, stocks with both fundamental support and technical resonance are selected to form the portfolio. The backtesting period is from January 1, 2010, to June 30, 2025, with an annualized return of 19.11% and an excess return of 18.48% relative to the Hang Seng Index after considering transaction costs in a fully invested state [14][16] - The "Stable New High Stock Screening" factor is constructed to identify stocks that have recently reached a 250-day high and exhibit stable price paths. The 250-day new high distance is calculated as follows: $ 250\text{-day new high distance} = 1 - \frac{Close_t}{ts\_max(Close, 250)} $ Where $ Close_t $ is the latest closing price, and $ ts\_max(Close, 250) $ is the maximum closing price over the past 250 trading days. A value of 0 indicates a new high, while positive values indicate a decline from the peak. Stocks are further filtered based on analyst attention (at least five buy or overweight ratings in the past six months), relative strength (top 20% in 250-day returns), price stability (evaluated using price path smoothness and 250-day new high distance averages over 120 days), and trend continuation (average 250-day new high distance over the past five days). The top 50 stocks are selected based on these criteria [23][24] - The backtesting results for the "Hong Kong Stock Selection Portfolio" show an annualized return of 19.11%, an excess return of 18.48% relative to the Hang Seng Index, and a maximum drawdown of 23.73% over the entire sample period. The information ratio (IR) is 1.22, with a tracking error of 14.55% and a return-to-drawdown ratio of 0.78 [20] - The "Stable New High Stock Screening" factor identified stocks primarily in the cyclical sector (9 stocks), followed by financials (4 stocks), technology (3 stocks), manufacturing (3 stocks), and consumer sectors (3 stocks) during the recent period. Specific stocks include Global New Material International and others [23][24]

Quantitative Models and Factor Analysis Quantitative Models and Construction Methods Model Name: Guosen JinGong Index Enhanced Portfolio - **Model Construction Idea**: The model aims to outperform its respective benchmarks by constructing enhanced portfolios based on multiple factors[10]. - **Model Construction Process**: - **Return Prediction**: Predicting the returns of stocks within the benchmark index. - **Risk Control**: Implementing risk control measures to manage the portfolio's risk exposure. - **Portfolio Optimization**: Optimizing the portfolio to maximize returns while adhering to the risk constraints[11]. - **Model Evaluation**: The model is designed to consistently outperform its benchmarks by leveraging multiple factors and optimizing the portfolio accordingly[10][11]. Model Backtesting Results - **Guosen JinGong Index Enhanced Portfolio**: - **CSI 300 Index Enhanced Portfolio**: Weekly excess return 0.51%, annual excess return 21.85%[4][13]. - **CSI 500 Index Enhanced Portfolio**: Weekly excess return -0.73%, annual excess return 6.17%[4][13]. - **CSI 1000 Index Enhanced Portfolio**: Weekly excess return -1.12%, annual excess return 15.93%[4][13]. - **CSI A500 Index Enhanced Portfolio**: Weekly excess return -0.28%, annual excess return 10.62%[4][13]. Quantitative Factors and Construction Methods Factor Name: Momentum - **Factor Construction Idea**: The momentum factor captures the tendency of stocks that have performed well in the past to continue performing well in the future[15]. - **Factor Construction Process**: - **One-Year Momentum**: Calculated as the return of a stock over the past year, excluding the most recent month[15]. - **Formula**: $ \text{One-Year Momentum} = \text{Return}_{t-12} - \text{Return}_{t-1} $[15]. - **Factor Evaluation**: The momentum factor is effective in identifying stocks with strong past performance that are likely to continue performing well[15]. Factor Name: Standardized Unexpected Earnings (SUE) - **Factor Construction Idea**: The SUE factor measures the difference between actual and expected earnings, standardized by the standard deviation of expected earnings[15]. - **Factor Construction Process**: - **SUE Calculation**: $ \text{SUE} = \frac{\text{Actual Earnings} - \text{Expected Earnings}}{\text{Standard Deviation of Expected Earnings}} $[15]. - **Factor Evaluation**: The SUE factor is useful in identifying stocks with earnings surprises, which can lead to significant price movements[15]. Factor Name: Expected Net Profit QoQ - **Factor Construction Idea**: This factor measures the quarter-over-quarter change in expected net profit[15]. - **Factor Construction Process**: - **Calculation**: $ \text{Expected Net Profit QoQ} = \frac{\text{Expected Net Profit}_{t} - \text{Expected Net Profit}_{t-1}}{\text{Expected Net Profit}_{t-1}} $[15]. - **Factor Evaluation**: The factor is effective in identifying stocks with improving earnings expectations, which can lead to positive price movements[15]. Factor Backtesting Results - **CSI 300 Index**: - **One-Year Momentum**: Weekly excess return 1.09%, monthly excess return 2.08%, annual excess return 3.27%, historical annualized return 2.75%[18]. - **Standardized Unexpected Earnings**: Weekly excess return 0.87%, monthly excess return 2.24%, annual excess return 12.16%, historical annualized return 4.18%[18]. - **Expected Net Profit QoQ**: Weekly excess return 0.86%, monthly excess return 1.50%, annual excess return 6.56%, historical annualized return 1.72%[18]. - **CSI 500 Index**: - **Expected Net Profit QoQ**: Weekly excess return 0.73%, monthly excess return 1.98%, annual excess return 15.82%, historical annualized return 4.80%[20]. - **Standardized Unexpected Earnings**: Weekly excess return 0.72%, monthly excess return 2.48%, annual excess return 18.17%, historical annualized return 4.51%[20]. - **DELTAROE**: Weekly excess return 0.57%, monthly excess return 2.27%, annual excess return 11.09%, historical annualized return 5.36%[20]. - **CSI 1000 Index**: - **One-Month Reversal**: Weekly excess return 1.23%, monthly excess return 0.00%, annual excess return -2.94%, historical annualized return -3.76%[22]. - **Single-Quarter Revenue YoY Growth**: Weekly excess return 1.08%, monthly excess return 3.27%, annual excess return 23.01%, historical annualized return 5.16%[22]. - **Standardized Unexpected Revenue**: Weekly excess return 0.66%, monthly excess return 2.21%, annual excess return 21.47%, historical annualized return 6.55%[22]. - **CSI A500 Index**: - **Expected Net Profit QoQ**: Weekly excess return 1.89%, monthly excess return 1.49%, annual excess return 8.61%, historical annualized return 3.73%[24]. - **One-Year Momentum**: Weekly excess return 1.39%, monthly excess return 2.42%, annual excess return 2.76%, historical annualized return 1.81%[24]. - **Standardized Unexpected Earnings**: Weekly excess return 1.28%, monthly excess return 3.29%, annual excess return 14.02%, historical annualized return 5.92%[24]. - **Public Fund Heavyweight Index**: - **One-Year Momentum**: Weekly excess return 1.61%, monthly excess return 2.90%, annual excess return 4.13%, historical annualized return 15.48%[26]. - **Expected Net Profit QoQ**: Weekly excess return 0.70%, monthly excess return 2.31%, annual excess return 3.36%, historical annualized return 11.90%[26]. - **Single-Quarter Net Profit YoY Growth**: Weekly excess return 0.58%, monthly excess return 2.13%, annual excess return 2.95%, historical annualized return 9.10%[26].