1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Last week, the bond market showed significant structural differentiation, influenced by macro - economic data and central bank liquidity operations. The "broad money" expectation may become the short - term trading focus, and the "stabilizer" effect of banks continues to work, with bonds within 10 years likely to be more stable. Liquidity abundance is expected to support the bond market to stabilize [2]. - In the context of the macro - economy still in the recovery stage and the need to boost the upward slope of prices, the central bank needs to maintain sufficient liquidity to support the real economy effectively [2]. 3. Summary According to the Table of Contents 3.1 Important Matters - In 2025, China's GDP grew by 5.0% in real terms, with the fourth - quarter real GDP growing by 4.5% and the nominal GDP growing by 3.85%, and the gap between nominal and real GDP growth rates narrowed [5]. - In January 2026, the central bank's MLF net injection was 70 billion yuan, and the medium - and long - term base money net injection in January reached 1 trillion yuan [2][8]. - Six major banks announced the optimization of personal consumption loan fiscal subsidy policies, including extending the implementation period, expanding the scope of support, and increasing subsidy standards [12][13]. - The central bank governor said that in 2026, the central bank will continue to implement a moderately loose monetary policy, and there is still room for reserve requirement ratio cuts and interest rate cuts [14]. 3.2 Money Market 3.2.1 Open Market Operations and Funds Rate Trends - From January 19 to 23, 2026, the central bank's 7 - day reverse repurchase operation had a net injection of 22.95 billion yuan. It is expected that 138.1 billion yuan of base money will be withdrawn from circulation from January 26 to 30 [16]. - Towards the end of January, the money market tightened marginally, and DR001 briefly exceeded the 1.3% - 1.4% operating range. As of January 23, R001, R007, DR001, and DR007 changed by 9.20BP, 2.23BP, 7.84BP, and 5.05BP respectively compared with January 16 [18]. 3.2.2 Certificate of Deposit (CD) Rate Trends and Repurchase Transaction Volume - In the primary market, last week, the CD issuance scale was 589.49 billion yuan, with a net financing of - 116.9 billion yuan. The CD issuance scale of city commercial banks was the largest, with a net financing of 72.72 billion yuan. The CD issuance interest rates of most institutions decreased compared with the previous week [24][28][30]. - In the secondary market, last week, CD interest rates generally declined under the background of loose liquidity. The 1Y - 3M spread of AAA - rated CDs was at the 47.07% quantile level [34]. 3.3 Bond Market 3.3.1 Primary Market - In early 2026, the issuance rhythm of national bonds accelerated compared with the same period in 2025, and the net financing scale of national bonds over 10 years was also higher than that from 2023 - 2025. The supply rhythm of central finance accelerated, mainly due to the issuance of discount national bonds and coupon - bearing national bonds in 2026 and the re - issuance of some coupon - bearing national bonds in 2025 [36]. - Last week, the supply scale of interest - rate bonds increased significantly. The net financing of national bonds, local bonds, and policy - bank bonds was 344.3 billion yuan, 222.37 billion yuan, and 187.5 billion yuan respectively. As of January 23, the issuance scale of special refinancing bonds in 2026 reached 250 billion yuan, mainly in long - term and ultra - long - term bonds [43][45]. 3.3.2 Secondary Market - Large - scale banks continued to prefer national bonds within 10 years, which supported medium - and short - term interest rates. The central bank's continuous large - scale MLF injection maintained abundant liquidity, and the term spread was compressed. The yields of national bonds and policy - bank bonds of various maturities changed to different degrees, and the implied tax rate of 10 - year policy - bank bonds decreased slightly [48]. - The average daily turnover rates of the 10 - year national bond active bond (250016) and the 10 - year policy - bank bond active bond (250215) decreased. The average spread between the 10 - year national bond active bond (250016) and the secondary - active bond (250022) increased by 0.03BP, indicating that the liquidity premium is tilting towards 250022 [50][52]. - The 10 - 1 - year and 30 - 1 - year national bond term spreads narrowed, and the long - term and ultra - long - term local - national bond spreads also narrowed [56][57]. 3.4 Institutional Behavior Tracking - In December 2025, the institutional leverage ratio increased seasonally. Banks and other institutions increased their leverage, while securities firms reduced their leverage. The 20 - day moving average of the single - day trading volume of inter - bank pledged repurchase was 7.87 trillion yuan last week, showing a "first rising, then falling" trend [63][65]. - In the cash - bond market, large - scale banks still preferred to increase their holdings of 5 - 10 - year national bonds, but the net purchase scale decreased significantly. Small - and medium - sized banks continued to reduce their holdings of 5 - 10 - year national bonds and policy - bank bonds. Insurance companies significantly increased their holdings of national bonds and local bonds over 10 years, and funds increased their holdings of 5 - 10 - year policy - bank bonds and national bonds over 10 years [63][72]. - The replenishment willingness of small - and medium - sized banks, securities firms, funds, and other institutions was relatively weak last week. The current replenishment costs of major trading desks vary significantly [75]. - Considering capital occupation and tax costs, commercial banks and insurance companies can obtain relatively higher returns by investing in local bonds due to the relatively high spread between local bonds and national bonds [84]. 3.5 High - Frequency Data Tracking - Last week, the settlement prices of rebar, wire rod, and cathode copper futures, the cement price index, and the South China Glass Index decreased compared with the previous week. The CCFI index decreased slightly, while the BDI index increased by 12.44%. The wholesale prices of pork and vegetables increased, and the settlement prices of Brent and WTI crude oil futures decreased slightly. The central parity rate of the US dollar against the RMB was 6.99 [88][89]. 3.6 Future Outlook - The "stabilizer" effect of banks continues to work, and bonds within 10 years are likely to be more stable. Although the ultra - long - term interest rate theoretically has more room, its stability is weaker than that of bonds within 10 years [90]. - Abundant liquidity is expected to support the bond market to stabilize. In the short term, the bond market is mainly in a recovery phase, with a low possibility of a trend - like decline. It is recommended to gradually take profits from band trading and choose national bonds within 10 years, especially the 10 - year national bond active bond (250016) [91].

Core Viewpoint - The A-share market in 2026 has shown mixed performance, with some investors profiting significantly from AI ETFs while others face challenges in sectors like real estate. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding liquidity changes to navigate the market effectively [1][3]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - The recent spring market rally has been driven by three waves of capital inflow: first, broad-based ETFs, second, flexible foreign capital, and third, leveraged funds, each contributing to the market's upward momentum [4]. - The first wave involved broad-based ETFs, particularly the CSI A500 Index ETF, which saw significant inflows as institutional investors positioned themselves early [4]. - The second wave was characterized by flexible foreign capital entering the market due to a strengthening RMB, boosting market sentiment [4]. - The third wave saw leveraged funds becoming a major force as investors increased their positions, pushing indices to new highs [4]. Group 2: Recent Changes in Liquidity - Recent weeks have shown signs of liquidity pressure, with net redemptions in ETFs, particularly in the CSI 300 and STAR 50 Index ETFs, indicating a shift in investor behavior [5][6]. - The inflow of flexible foreign capital has slowed, with expectations of continued outflows as these investors tend to be short-term players [6]. - Regulatory measures have been introduced to cool down the rapid inflow of leveraged funds, which may lead to increased market volatility but is intended to promote rational investment [7]. Group 3: Investment Opportunities - Despite short-term liquidity pressures, the spring market rally is expected to continue, presenting potential buying opportunities during market fluctuations [8][9]. - Investors are advised to focus on sectors with strong fundamentals and potential for growth, such as technology and undervalued traditional assets like real estate [10][12]. - The article suggests avoiding ETFs with high redemption pressures and instead focusing on those with strong institutional backing, such as the CSI A500 Index ETF [11]. - Real estate and other traditional sectors like non-bank financials and liquor are highlighted as having potential for investment due to their stable cash flows and improving fundamentals [12][14].

Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided regarding the report industry investment rating. Core Viewpoints - Despite large tax outflows in January and limited central bank injections, the funds remained loose. The influence of factors such as residents' foreign exchange settlement on the funds is likely limited, and the changes in exogenous disturbances and central bank injections can roughly explain the fluctuations in funds [5][37]. - Historically, there have been cases where funds remained loose under low excess reserve ratios. The central bank can maintain loose funds through open market operations or guiding bank lending. The current funds situation does not require excessive concern [42]. - Next week, the funds will face significant exogenous disturbances, especially a concentrated impact on Monday. However, considering the central bank's clear attitude of protecting the funds, it is expected that the funds rate will not continue to rise significantly compared to this week [11][68]. Summary by Relevant Catalog 1. Money Market 1.1 This Week's Funds Review - This week, the OMO had a net injection of 22.95 billion yuan. On Friday, there was a 150 - billion - yuan treasury cash deposit due, and the central bank conducted a 900 - billion - yuan 1 - year MLF operation, exceeding the monthly maturity by 700 billion yuan. After the MLF operation, DR001 fell back below 1.4% [3][18]. - The trading volume of pledged repurchase decreased slightly, and the overall scale fluctuated downward. The net lending of large - scale banks declined, while that of non - bank institutions' rigid lending first decreased and then increased [4][26]. - The cross - month progress of inter - bank institutions in January was slow, and the exchange - market cross - month progress was at the lowest level in the same period in recent years [32]. 1.2 Next Week's Funds Outlook - Next week, government bond net payment is expected to rise to 515 billion yuan, with 7 - day reverse repurchase maturities totaling 1181 billion yuan and 200 billion yuan of MLF maturing on Monday. The 26th is the reserve payment day [11][45][68]. - In January 2026, the government bond issuance scale was 2.08 trillion yuan, with a net financing scale of 1.18 trillion yuan, lower than expected. It is estimated that the government bond issuance scales in February and March will be 2.12 trillion and 2.63 trillion yuan respectively, with net financing scales of 1.36 trillion and 1.13 trillion yuan [56][62]. 2. Inter - bank Certificates of Deposit - This week, the 1Y Shibor rate declined by 0.6BP, and the 1 - year AAA - rated inter - bank certificate of deposit secondary rate declined by 3.0BP [69]. - The issuance scale of inter - bank certificates of deposit increased while the maturity scale decreased, with a net repayment scale of 9.06 billion yuan, a decrease of 19.04 billion yuan from last week. The issuance success rates of various banks increased, and the issuance spread between city commercial banks and joint - stock banks for 1Y certificates of deposit widened [74][75]. - The willingness of money market funds to reduce holdings of certificates of deposit in the secondary market continued to rise, while the willingness of other institutions to increase holdings in the primary market decreased. The relative strength index of certificates of deposit continued to decline seasonally [85]. 3. Bill Market This week, bill rates fluctuated within a narrow range. The 3 - month bill rate of state - owned and joint - stock banks increased by 2BP to 1.45%, and the 6 - month bill rate remained unchanged at 1.13% [93]. 4. Bond Trading Sentiment Tracking - Last week, the bond market recovered, the interest rate curve steeply declined, and the credit spreads of 3 - 7Y bonds were compressed across the board. Large banks tended to reduce their bond holdings overall [13][96]. - Trading - type institutions generally tended to increase their bond holdings, while the willingness of allocation - type institutions to increase their bond holdings decreased significantly [96].

Group 1: Liquidity Overview - From January 19-23, the liquidity faced fluctuations due to the January tax period, with R001 rising by 11 basis points to 1.48%[1] - The liquidity pressure increased significantly during the tax period, with R007 remaining relatively stable, only increasing by 2 basis points to 1.55%[1] - After the tax period, liquidity eased, supported by a 900 billion MLF rollover, with R001 and R007 slightly declining to 1.47% and 1.54% respectively[1] Group 2: Government Debt and Payments - The net payment for government bonds from January 26-30 is expected to be 515 billion, significantly higher than the previous week's 246.5 billion, marking the highest weekly amount since the second half of 2025[5] - The structure of the payments indicates that 315 billion of government bonds were deferred from the previous week, contributing to a net payment increase from 293 million to 201.7 billion[5] - Local government bonds saw an increase of 962 billion, totaling 313.4 billion due to higher issuance volumes[5] Group 3: Interbank Certificates and Market Trends - The weighted issuance rate for interbank certificates decreased to 1.62%, down by 3.1 basis points from the previous week[41] - The net financing for interbank certificates was -916 million, with total issuance at 588.3 billion[41] - The maturity pressure for interbank certificates is expected to decrease to 431.7 billion from the previous week's 679.9 billion[6] Group 4: Market Outlook and Risks - The upcoming week (January 26-30) may see slight liquidity fluctuations due to the approaching month-end and the 515 billion government bond net payment[2] - The central bank has released a total of 1 trillion in medium to long-term liquidity through MLF and reverse repos, equivalent to a 0.5 percentage point reserve requirement cut[2] - Risks include potential unexpected changes in liquidity and monetary policy adjustments due to economic data or external monetary policy shifts[7]

去美元化加速，警惕 美元指数下行风险 华泰期货研究院 2026年01月23日 蔡劭立 F3063489 Z0014617 联系人： 朱思谋 F03142856 — 量价和政策信号— 2 【量价观察】美元兑人民币期权隐含波动率上升 ◆3个月的美元兑人民币期权隐含波动率曲线显示出人民币的升值趋势，Put端波动率仍高于Call端，Put端波动率整体下 降 美元兑人民币期权隐含波动率 Delta为5的美元兑人民币3个月期权隐含波动率 数据来源： 3 Bloomberg Wind 华泰期货研究院 2 3 4 5 6 3M 2026/01/22 3M 2025/12/26 3M 2025/09/30 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2024-01 2024-07 2025-01 2025-07 2026-01 20260121（%） 20260114（%） 20251224（%） 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 一月 三月 六月 一年 本周新交所美元兑人民币期货升贴水(-) 本周银行远期升贴水(-) 本周美中利差 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 一月 三月 六月 一年 上周新交所美元兑人民币期货升 ...

Market Overview - A-shares experienced a pullback after reaching highs, with market guidance leading to a rational return and short-term adjustments in themes [1][4] - In the medium to long term, market consolidation is expected to benefit a slow bull market, with high-growth sectors presenting investment value [1][4] - Short-term volatility may occur, but it is recommended to focus on sectors with upward momentum after the weight pressure diminishes [1][4] Equity Market Factors - The market style remains biased towards small-cap stocks, while the growth style continues to favor growth stocks [6][8] - Both small-cap and growth style volatilities have risen to near one-year highs, with increased volatility in the return differences between styles [6][8] - The excess return dispersion among industries has rebounded, while the speed of industry rotation continues to decline [6][8] Trading Activity - The proportion of rising stocks in the 300 and 500 indices has significantly decreased [6] - The trading concentration remains stable, with the top 100 stocks' trading volume holding steady and the top five industries' trading volume share slightly increasing [6][7] Market Liquidity - Market volatility, except for the 1000 index, has generally decreased, while the turnover rate is on an upward trend [7][8] Commodity Market Factors - In the commodity market, the energy and precious metals sectors have seen an increase in trend strength, while other sectors have experienced a decline [21][22] - The basis momentum for precious metals and agricultural products has risen, while other sectors have shown a downward trend [21][22] - Volatility in precious metals and non-ferrous metals remains high, while the volatility in black and energy sectors has slightly decreased [21][22] Options Market Factors - The implied volatility of the Shanghai Composite and CSI 1000 has started to decline from its peak, indicating a cooling market sentiment [28] - The skewness of call options has decreased while that of put options has increased, suggesting a reduction in market exuberance [28] Convertible Bond Market Factors - The convertible bond market has experienced wide fluctuations, with the premium rate for bonds at 100 yuan halting its upward trend and showing a slight adjustment [29] - The proportion of low premium convertible bonds has increased, while market transaction volumes remain high [29]

1月以来，债券收益率整体先上后下，上行主要受年初以来股市持续上涨、 风险偏好上升的影响。从经济基本面来看，内需仍然处于回落的趋势中，外需 保持韧性，但对债市影响有限。通胀逐步回升，1月工业品价格也多数上涨，使 得市场通胀预期逐步上行，对债市偏利空。货币政策方面，在央行进行结构性 降息后，短期内进一步降准降息的概率有所下降，但会维持资金面稳定。目前 债市的主要矛盾仍然集中在逐步好转的基本面预期、股市和商品市场的持续上 涨以及风险偏好的整体抬升，利率呈现易上难下的特征。2月处于数据真空期， 预计短期内上述预期持续，对债市较为不利。建议短期内交易盘保持谨慎，配 置盘有年初早配置的需求，可在利率受冲击上行至区间上沿时择机介入。 1 南京银行 2026 年 1 月宏观利率展望 风险偏好抬升，利率易上难下 阿 内容摘要： 宏观经济方面，12月经济显示内需继续放缓，需求端固定资产投资降幅扩 大，其中房地产、制造业、基建投资增速均继续下行。消费增速回落，显示内 需仍然在走弱的过程中。供给端生产略有回升，主要受高技术产业生产加速拉 动。12月CPI和PPI同步回升，显示通胀逐步进入温和上行的趋势中。 1 月以来，资金面月初偏宽 ...

Economic Overview - Domestic demand continues to weaken, with fixed asset investment declining by 3.8% year-on-year, a decrease of 1.2 percentage points from the previous value[8] - Real estate investment dropped by 17.2%, down 1.3 percentage points, indicating ongoing weakness in the sector[9] - Consumer spending growth fell to 0.9% in December, a decline of 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, reflecting weak consumer sentiment[12] Inflation and Production - CPI rose by 0.8% year-on-year in December, up 0.1 percentage points, indicating a mild upward trend in inflation[41] - PPI increased by 0.2% month-on-month, with a year-on-year decline of 1.9%, but the decline is narrowing by 0.3 percentage points compared to the previous month[49] - High-tech industries showed growth, with industrial value-added increasing by 5.9% year-on-year, although overall industrial production growth was slightly down[37] Monetary Policy and Liquidity - The central bank implemented an unexpected structural interest rate cut, indicating a continued commitment to liquidity support[56] - Short-term funding rates remained stable, with DR001 operating within 15 basis points below the policy rate[58] - The central bank's measures include increasing the quota for targeted loans to small and medium-sized enterprises by 1 trillion yuan, reflecting a focus on supporting the real economy[82] Market Trends - Bond yields initially rose but later fell, influenced by rising risk appetite and stock market performance[2] - The overall market sentiment remains cautious, with expectations of continued pressure on bond prices due to improving economic fundamentals and inflation concerns[2] - The trade surplus expanded to $114.14 billion in December, driven by a rebound in exports, particularly in automotive and electronic products[22]

Liquidity - The negative difference in the growth rates of M1 and M2 has expanded for three consecutive months, reaching -4.7 percentage points in December 2025 [3] - The BCI small and medium enterprise financing environment index for December 2025 is 47.15, a month-on-month decrease of 10.19% [3] - The correlation between the M1 and M2 growth rate difference and the Shanghai Composite Index is strong, with the difference in December 2025 being -4.7 percentage points, a month-on-month decrease of 1.60% [3] Infrastructure and Real Estate Chain - In early January, the average daily crude steel output of key steel enterprises rebounded to levels seen in mid-October 2025 [3] - Price changes this week include rebar up by 1.22%, cement price index down by 0.94%, rubber down by 1.26%, coke unchanged, coking coal up by 1.23%, and iron ore down by 0.12% [3] - National blast furnace capacity utilization rate, cement, and asphalt operating rates changed by +0.04 percentage points, -1.92 percentage points, and +3.7 percentage points respectively [3] Real Estate Completion Chain - Prices of titanium dioxide and glass are at low levels, with titanium dioxide price unchanged and glass price down by 0.73% [4] - The gross profit for titanium dioxide is -1707 yuan/ton, while the flat glass operating rate is 73.89% this week [4] Industrial Products Chain - The operating rate of semi-steel tires is at the median level for the past five years, with a current rate of 73.44%, an increase of 7.55 percentage points [5] - Major commodity price changes this week include cold-rolled steel unchanged, copper up by 1.19%, and aluminum down by 0.25% [5] - Copper spot prices have reached a historical high, while tungsten concentrate prices have continued to reach new highs since 2012 [5] Price Comparison Relationships - The gold-silver price ratio in London has reached its lowest level since 2013 [6] - The price ratio of rebar to iron ore is 3.99 this week, with the price difference between hot-rolled and rebar steel at 30 yuan/ton [6] - The price difference between small rebar (mainly used in real estate) and large rebar (mainly used in infrastructure) reached 200 yuan/ton, an increase of 31.03% from last week [6] Export Chain - In December, China's PMI new export orders stood at 49.00%, an increase of 1.4 percentage points month-on-month [7] - The China Containerized Freight Index (CCFI) composite index this week is 1209.85 points, up by 1.25% [7] - The Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs announced that starting January 1, 2026, export licensing management will be implemented for certain steel products, which is expected to further regulate China's steel product exports [7] Valuation Percentiles - The CSI 300 Index decreased by 0.57% this week, with the best-performing cyclical sector being industrial metals, which increased by 2.81% [8] - The PB ratio of ordinary steel and industrial metals relative to the PB ratio of the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets is 28.96% and 100.00% respectively [8] - The current PB ratio of the ordinary steel sector relative to the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets is 0.50, with the highest value since 2013 being 0.82, reached in August 2017 [8]

Group 1 - The overall macro liquidity environment is balanced and slightly loose, with the central bank conducting a net release of 812.8 billion yuan through 7-day reverse repos and a total net injection of 1.7128 trillion yuan during the week [1][8] - The stock market's funding supply is primarily characterized by outflows from broad-based ETFs, while equity fund issuance is on the rise, and the financing balance continues to hit historical highs [2][10] - The net outflow from stock ETFs reached 141.643 billion yuan, with significant inflows into the Sci-Tech 100 and Shanghai Composite Index, while the CSI 300 and Sci-Tech 50 experienced notable outflows [11][17] Group 2 - The stock market's funding demand shows a differentiated pressure structure, with equity financing rebounding to 111.342 billion yuan, while the scale of locked-up shares being released decreased to 52.42 billion yuan [3][19] - The number of newly established active equity funds increased, with a total issuance of 4.597 billion units, reflecting a recovery compared to the previous week [10][12] - The net reduction in industrial capital increased to 20.449 billion yuan, with significant reductions observed in the electronics, communication, and basic chemical industries [21][28]