Economic Performance - The economy achieved a growth target of 5% for 2025, with a GDP growth rate of 5.0% for the year, maintaining stability despite challenges[8] - Final consumption contributed over 52% to GDP growth, indicating effective policies to boost consumer spending[10] - Industrial production showed strong performance with an industrial added value growth rate of 5.9%, the highest in four years[10] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment experienced a historical decline of 3.8%, marking the first annual negative growth[12] - Infrastructure investment faced challenges, with a significant drop in new special bonds allocated for infrastructure projects, totaling only 2.66 trillion yuan compared to 3.14 trillion yuan the previous year[13] - Real estate investment fell to a record low of -17.2%, reflecting ongoing weaknesses in the sector[15] Consumer Behavior - Retail sales growth for 2025 was only 3.7%, with December showing a low of 0.9%, the lowest level outside of pandemic periods[10] - Service consumption remained resilient, growing at 5.5%, supported by travel and entertainment demand during peak seasons[10] - The consumer price index (CPI) remained stable, with inflation pressures under control, indicating a manageable economic environment[4] External Factors - Export growth remained robust, with December exports exceeding expectations despite high base effects from the previous year[5] - The trade surplus reached 118.89 billion USD in December, reflecting strong external demand[24] - The economic outlook for 2026 anticipates a growth rate of around 4.8%, supported by new projects and resilient external demand[22]

证 券 研 究 报 告 [日Ta期ble_Industry] : shzqdatemark [Tabl主e_要Su观mm点ary] 2026年01月22日 | [T分ab析le师_Author] : | 陈彦利 | | --- | --- | | Tel: | 021-53686170 | | E-mail: | chenyanli@shzq.com | | SAC 编号: | S0870517070002 | [T相ab关le报_R告e：portInfo] 宏 观 数 据 《外贸持续向好，顺差维持高位》 《价格改善，政策提质增效》 《生产偏稳，需求回落》 生产提速，内需回落 ——2025 年 12 月宏观数据点评 12 月份，社会消费品零售总额 45136 亿元，同比增长 0.9%，增速比 上月下降约 0.4 个百分点。除纺织品、金银珠宝、中西药品外消费均 有所回升或改善，其中金银珠宝、中西药品消费回落较多，汽车消费 跌幅收窄，通讯器材维持 20%以上的增速。12 月商品零售增速小幅下 滑，餐饮消费增速回落。 ——2026 年 01 月 13 日 ——2025 年 12 月 17 日 4 季度 GDP 为 ...

Economic Growth - China's GDP growth for 2025 is projected at 5%, achieving the annual economic growth target[2] - Quarterly GDP growth rates show a trend of high to low, with rates of 5.4%, 5.2%, 4.8%, and 4.5% respectively[9] Demand and Consumption - Retail sales growth in December was 0.9%, continuing a trend of marginal decline for seven consecutive months[14] - Consumer confidence remains low, with household short-term loans decreasing by CNY 1,023 billion in December 2025, a drop of CNY 16,113 billion compared to 2024[15] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment growth fell to -3.8% for the year, a decline of 1.2 percentage points from the previous value[21] - Real estate investment saw a significant drop of 17.2% year-on-year, indicating a deep adjustment in the market[21] Export and Production - Industrial added value in December grew by 5.2%, with a notable increase in high-tech industries[27] - Export delivery value increased by 3.2% in December, correlating with the rise in industrial output[27] Policy and Future Outlook - The government aims to stabilize investment, with significant policy tools already deployed to support infrastructure projects[23] - The export momentum is expected to continue into 2026, remaining a key driver of economic growth[30]

根据国家统计局近日发布的数据，2025年中国经济顶住外部冲击，全年经济增长目标顺利实现。2026年 一季度项目储备和政策储备充足，需要提早发力，形成实物工作量，尽快实现稳投资，并借助春节假期 临近，大力提振消费。随着部分领域出口退税的下调，更多资金将用于畅通国内大循环。 2025年社会融资规模稳中有升，政府债券成为主力支撑 2025年12月金融数据略好于市场预期。央行数据显示，12月社会融资规模增量为22080亿元，同比少增 6457亿元。2025年全年，社会融资规模增量累计35.6万亿元，较2024年32.3万亿元的水平多增3.34万亿 元，这与年初积极财政政策导向和广义财政赤字发力支撑社融走高有关。2025年广义财政赤字的扩张支 撑全年社融同比多增。 2025年12月M1同比增速为3.8%，较2024年12月的1.2%有所回升，2025年12月M2同比增速为8.5%，高 于2024年12月的7.3%。2025年居民部门新增存款仍处于较高水平，但同比增幅在存款利率持续下降和 股市指数上升的双重影响下受到影响。而与之相对应的是，在股票市场预期持续好转的情况下，2025年 全年非银存款较2024年实现了倍增。 ...

2025年12月信贷数据边际转好。12月新增人民币贷款9100亿元，同比少增800亿元，比11月同比少增 1900亿元的情况实现了显著的边际改善。2025年新增人民币贷款累计16.27万亿元，比2024年同比少增 1.82万亿元。整体来看，2025年的信贷增量有所减少，主要是由于国内投资和消费需求仍待提振。 从信贷的结构视角进行观察可以看到，2025年居民部门信贷投放有所下降。2025年居民部门新增信贷总 量为4417亿元，同比少增2.28万亿元。居民部门短期信贷全年减少8351亿元，而2024年同期则是增长 4732亿元。居民部门的短期信贷主要反映居民的消费意愿，短期信贷新增的减少，表明居民的边际消费 倾向仍需持续提振。居民部门中长期信贷2025年全年累计增加1.28万亿元，同比少增9700亿元。居民中 长期信贷的主要由房贷组成，而房地产市场仍处于调整中。 根据国家统计局近日发布的数据，2025年中国经济顶住外部冲击，全年经济增长目标顺利实现。2026年 一季度项目储备和政策储备充足，需要提早发力，形成实物工作量，尽快实现稳投资，并借助春节假期 临近，大力提振消费。随着部分领域出口退税的下调，更多资金将用于 ...

Economic Growth - In Q4 2025, the actual GDP grew by 4.5% year-on-year, matching expectations but down from 4.8% in the previous quarter[2] - The annual economic growth for 2025 was characterized by a high start and a low finish, influenced by policy timing and demand-supply dynamics[3] Industrial Production - The industrial added value in December 2025 increased by 5.2% year-on-year, slightly above the expected 5.0%[2] - High-tech manufacturing sectors showed growth rates significantly above the overall industrial average, indicating a shift in production structure[4] Consumer Spending - Retail sales of consumer goods in December 2025 grew by only 0.9% year-on-year, below the expected 1.0% and down from 1.3% in the previous month[2] - Service consumption outperformed goods consumption, with specific sectors like cultural and communication equipment showing stronger performance[5] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment saw a cumulative year-on-year decline of 3.8% by December 2025, worse than the expected decline of 3.1%[2] - Real estate investment dropped significantly, with a year-on-year decline of 35.8%, indicating ongoing challenges in the sector[6] Future Outlook - The first quarter of 2026 is expected to see continued structural support from net exports, with potential stabilization in government-led investment projects[3] - Further policy measures are anticipated to support consumer spending and investment recovery in 2026[5][6]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - In 2025, the annual economic growth rate reached the target of 5%. Consumption and exports' contribution to GDP growth increased, while investment's contribution declined. Looking ahead to 2026, the real GDP growth rate is expected to be around 4.8%, showing a "first down then up" trend due to the high base effect. [2][7] - The bond market's pricing of the fundamentals may still exhibit an asymmetry of "being insensitive to positive news and sensitive to negative news." The view of a weak and volatile long - term bond market in the near term is maintained, and the recovery window may come later in the first quarter. [2][7] 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 2025 Economic Data Overview - The Q4 real GDP in 2025 was 4.5% year - on - year, meeting expectations, and the annual cumulative year - on - year growth rate successfully achieved the target of 5%. In December 2025, the year - on - year growth rate of industrial added value above designated size rose by 0.4 pct to 5.2%, higher than the expected 4.9%; the year - on - year growth rate of social retail sales dropped by 0.4 pct to 0.9%, lower than the expected 1.5%; the cumulative year - on - year growth rate of fixed asset investment dropped by 1.2 pct to - 3.8%, worse than the expected - 2.4%. [4] 3.2 Economic Growth Drivers - Consumption and exports' contribution to GDP growth increased to 2.6% and 1.64% respectively, while investment's contribution declined to 0.77%. There was still price pressure. The Q4 real GDP growth rate was 4.5% year - on - year, down 0.3 pct from Q3, and it declined quarter by quarter throughout the year, reaching the lowest level since 2023. The price level improved quarter by quarter, with the GDP deflator's year - on - year growth rate dropping to around - 0.67%, and the nominal GDP growth rate was 3.8% year - on - year, showing marginal improvement but remaining at a low level. [7] 3.3 Industrial Sector - In December, the industrial added value was 5.2% year - on - year, 0.4 pct higher than the previous value, and 0.49% month - on - month. The year - on - year growth rate of export delivery value turned positive to 3.2%. The service industry production index was 5% year - on - year, 0.8 pct faster than the previous month. By sector, the mining industry was a major drag, with its year - on - year growth rate dropping by 0.9 pct to 5.4%, while the manufacturing industry's year - on - year growth rate increased by 1.1 pct to 5.7%. High - end manufacturing maintained a high growth rate, with the year - on - year growth rates of pharmaceutical manufacturing, special equipment manufacturing, and computer and communication equipment manufacturing accelerating by 4.6, 3.4, and 2.6 pct respectively. The output of high - tech products such as industrial robots and integrated circuits maintained a high month - on - month growth rate. In 2025, the added value of high - tech manufacturing increased by 9.4% compared to the previous year, contributing 26.1% to the growth rate of industrial added value above designated size. [7] 3.4 Investment Sector - The decline in fixed asset investment widened. Real estate investment continued to decline due to the drag of housing prices, and infrastructure and manufacturing investment weakened overall against the backdrop of enterprises' concentrated debt repayment, debt reduction, and "anti - involution." In December, the month - on - month growth rate of fixed asset investment dropped to - 15.0%, and the month - on - month decline of private investment was about - 17.2%. Real estate investment's month - on - month decline widened to - 37.5%, the sales area decreased by 16.6% year - on - year, and the sales volume decreased by 24.2% year - on - year. The prices of commercial residential buildings in 70 large and medium - sized cities generally decreased month - on - month, and the year - on - year decline widened. The insufficient funds of real estate enterprises still restricted construction starts and completions, but the new construction area stabilized, and the cumulative year - on - year decline narrowed. Infrastructure investment continued to decline, with the month - on - month growth rate of broad - based infrastructure investment at - 15.9%, and the "crowding - out effect" of debt reduction may still have had an impact. In 2025, the cumulative year - on - year growth rate of manufacturing investment was 0.6%, but in December, the month - on - month growth rate was - 10.5%, indicating that enterprises were cautious about investment against the "anti - involution" background. The capacity utilization rate of the manufacturing industry increased from 74.1% in Q1 to 75.2% in Q4. [7] 3.5 Consumption Sector - The growth rate of social retail sales declined, and residents' income and expenditure continued to slow down. In December, the year - on - year growth rate of social retail sales dropped to 0.9%, the lowest since March 2023. The off - season effect was evident, with commodity retail (0.7%) and catering (2.2%) remaining at low levels, and the year - on - year growth rate of catering above designated size at - 1.1%. The effect of the "trade - in" subsidy may have weakened, and consumption of household appliances (- 18.7%), furniture (- 2.2%), and automobiles (- 5.0%) remained under pressure. However, the retail sales of communication equipment (20.9%) maintained a high growth rate. In Q4, the real cumulative year - on - year growth rate of residents' per capita disposable income dropped by 0.2 pct to 5%, and the year - on - year growth rate of consumption expenditure dropped by 0.3 pct to 4.4%. [7] 3.6 Outlook for 2026 - The real GDP growth rate is expected to be around 4.8% in 2026, showing a "first down then up" trend due to the high base effect. On the investment side, the Central Economic Work Conference in December last year proposed to "stabilize and reverse the decline of investment." This year, the investment growth rate is expected to stop falling and stabilize with the support of the concept of "investing in people" and "two important" projects. On the production and demand side, the transformation of old and new driving forces is accelerating, and service consumption, high - end manufacturing, and exports may maintain their resilience. [2][7]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report indicates that China's GDP growth rate for 2025 reached 5%, aligning with market expectations, but the economy still faces challenges such as weak domestic demand and external disturbances [1][3] - The report highlights a significant decline in fixed asset investment driven by the real estate sector, with a year-on-year decrease of 17.2% in real estate investment for December 2025 [3][12] - Consumer spending showed limited improvement, with retail sales growth for the year at 3.7%, down 0.3 percentage points from the previous month, primarily affected by declines in automobile sales and dining [3][24] Group 2 - Industrial value-added growth for December 2025 was reported at 5.9%, a decrease of 0.1 percentage points from November, indicating a divergence in production chains, with traditional sectors like steel and cement continuing to contract [3][6] - Inflation showed signs of recovery, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rising to 0.8% year-on-year in December, supported by an increase in food prices, particularly vegetables due to adverse weather conditions [3][10] - Fixed asset investment continued to decline, with a cumulative year-on-year decrease of 3.8% in December, reflecting a broader trend of reduced investment across various sectors [3][12]

Economic Growth - The GDP growth rate for 2025 is projected at 5.0%, consistent with 2024, achieving the annual growth target[2] - In Q4 2025, the GDP growth rate slowed to 4.5% year-on-year, aligning with Wind's expectations[6] - The nominal GDP growth rate for 2025 is expected to decline slightly to 4.0% due to an expanded price drop, with the GDP deflator index decreasing from -0.8% in 2024 to -1.0% in 2025[6] Production and Investment - Industrial value added in December rebounded to a growth rate of 5.2%, indicating stabilization in production despite a slowdown in the second and third industries[6] - Fixed asset investment growth is projected at -3.8% for 2025, with December's monthly growth rate dropping to -16.0%[6] - Manufacturing investment growth fell to -10.5%, primarily due to rapid declines in midstream equipment processing industries[6] Consumption Trends - Retail sales growth for 2025 is expected to be 3.7%, with December's growth rate at 0.9%[6] - Durable goods consumption drag has weakened, with essential consumption growth declining while optional consumption, including automobiles and home appliances, showed recovery[6] Policy and Economic Outlook - The economic decline in 2025 is not a cause for major concern, as the second half's slowdown is attributed to strong performance in the first half, allowing for policy leeway[6] - Exports and service consumption are anticipated to be key drivers for China's economy in 2026, supporting a strong start to the 14th Five-Year Plan[6]

炒股就看金麒麟分析师研报，权威，专业，及时，全面，助您挖掘潜力主题机会！ 来源：明察宏观 文 财信研究院宏观团队 伍超明 胡文艳 李沫 核心观点 一、2025年经济：供强需弱格局下，结构优化与动能转换加速。2025年四季度GDP增长4.5%，全年增 长5.0%，顺利完成全年增速目标，三个特征明显：一是"供强需弱"格局显著，低通胀压力持续；二是宏 观政策力度加大，但传导效率与边际效能有待提升；三是新旧动能转换加速，结构优化特征显著。 二、预计2026年一季度GDP增长4.9%、全年4.8%左右。中长期看，尽管"供强需弱"格局延续，但新旧 动能加速转换，高技术制造、现代服务业等贡献率提升，叠加"十五五"规划现代产业体系建设目标，内 生增长韧性增强。短期看，2025年末内需动能衰减惯性将延续，但中央经济工作会议已明确政策靠前发 力，逆周期调节加码将支撑一季度经济边际改善，全年走势取决于政策落地效率与结构优化成效。 三、12月经济延续供需分化态势，内生增长动力仍显不足，呈现"生产出口回升、消费投资承压"的结构 性特征。生产端，受出口回暖和新质生产力带动，工业增加值和服务业生产指数双双提升。需求端，社 零仅增长0.9% ...