Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the industry [3] Core Views - Solid-state battery technology continues to make breakthroughs, with significant developments in the lithium battery industry expected by 2025, indicating a potential supply-demand inflection point and a 2-3 year upward cycle for the industry [5][11] - The report highlights the strong demand in the energy storage sector, with September's energy storage procurement reaching 42.6 GWh and a 31% increase in the average price of 2-hour systems [5][19] - The report recommends key companies in the lithium battery sector, including CATL and EVE Energy, and suggests focusing on solid-state battery-related companies [5] Summary by Sections Lithium Battery Sector - The report notes that China will implement export controls on certain high-end lithium batteries and related materials starting November 8, 2025, which may impact the market [10] - The battery industry index fell by 5.76%, underperforming the broader market, primarily due to the export control announcement [8][10] Energy Storage Sector - In September, the energy storage procurement reached 42.6 GWh, with the average price of 2-hour systems increasing by 31% [5][19] - The demand from Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia contributed nearly half of the total procurement volume [17] - The report indicates a stable EPC pricing environment despite fluctuations in system prices [19] Electric Power Equipment Sector - The report discusses the issuance of the "Energy Planning Management Measures," which will guide energy planning across various levels [23][24] - It highlights the support for green electricity direct connection projects in Shandong, aimed at promoting renewable energy integration [25][26] Photovoltaic Sector - The report mentions stable prices for polysilicon, with no significant changes observed in the market [27][28] - It notes a decrease in demand for photovoltaic components, leading to a downward price trend [5] Wind Power Sector - The report outlines ongoing developments in offshore wind projects in various countries, indicating a robust construction pace in the domestic market [5]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the banking sector [1]. Core Insights - The scale of insurance capital investment is steadily increasing, with a significant rise in stock investment proportion, which has outpaced bond growth [3][4]. - Bank stocks have consistently held the largest share in insurance capital's heavy stock holdings, with a notable recovery in their proportion post-2023, reaching 41.9% of total stock purchases in 2025 [3][4]. - Current policies are promoting long-term capital market entry, with adjustments in insurance company assessment mechanisms to enhance equity investment ratios, a strategy validated by experiences in the US and Japan [3][4]. Summary by Sections Insurance Capital Investment: Steady Growth and Increased Stock Proportion - As of 1H25, the total insurance capital investment balance in China reached 36.2 trillion yuan, marking a year-on-year growth of 17.4%, with life insurance companies accounting for 90% of this balance [6][8]. - Stock investment growth has outpaced bond investment, with stock investment proportion rising to 8.8% in 1H25, reflecting a significant increase compared to previous years [10][12]. - The decline in long-term interest rates has been a crucial factor driving insurance companies to increase stock investments, as they seek to mitigate risks associated with interest rate spreads [24][26]. Increased Proportion of Bank Stocks in Insurance Capital Holdings - Bank stocks have maintained the highest proportion in the heavy stock holdings of insurance capital, accounting for 47.2% in 1H25, significantly higher than other sectors [29][30]. - The number of stock purchases (or "takeovers") in the banking sector surged in 2025, with bank stocks representing 41.9% of total purchases, a marked increase from previous years [29][30]. Policy Support for Increased Equity Investment by Insurance Capital - Recent policies have been implemented to facilitate the entry of long-term capital into the market, with a focus on enhancing the willingness of insurance companies to invest in equities [31][32]. - The experiences of the US and Japan demonstrate that increasing equity investment during periods of declining long-term interest rates is a viable strategy for maintaining the health of insurance companies [33][37]. Projected New Insurance Investment Funds - It is anticipated that new insurance investment funds will exceed 4 trillion yuan in both 2025 and 2026, with stock investment proportions expected to rise to 9.3% and 10.9%, respectively [41][42]. Investment Recommendations - In the current policy and macroeconomic environment, it is recommended to focus on bank stocks, particularly those with regional advantages and high dividend yields, as insurance capital is likely to increase its holdings in this sector [48].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information about the industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In September, most bond varieties saw corrections, with long - end interest - rate bonds and long - end Tier 2 and perpetual bonds (referred to as "Er Yong" bonds) leading the decline, which are the heavy - position bonds preferred by funds. The "killing of funds' heavy - position bonds" in this round has a more significant curve steepening compared to the adjustment in Q4 2022 [1][5]. - Although commodity demand has weakened, inflation expectations remain strong. If PPI is transmitted to core CPI, the year - on - year core CPI in March next year may reach 1.6%, and real interest rates may decline [1][20]. - In the fourth - quarter bond market, from the EVA comparison perspective, 30Y treasury bonds have a high comparison advantage over mortgage loans, while 10Y treasury bonds are relatively neutral. Despite weak fundamentals, the necessity of interest - rate cuts may not be high from the perspective of real interest rates. Currently, the IRS - implied interest - rate cut expectation is low. Insurance bond - allocation growth may be weaker than before, and banks may redeem funds in advance, which is unfavorable to the bond - market supply - demand structure. The impact of the new round of tariff turmoil on the bond market is smaller than that in April [1][23][34]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 9 - Month Institutional Behavior Pattern: Killing Funds' Heavy - Position Bonds - **Bond Market Correction in September**: Interest - rate bonds' long - end correction was greater than the short - end, with the curve steepening and long - end spreads widening, while the 5Y - 3Y spread narrowed. The long - end of "Er Yong" bonds led the decline, and the credit spreads of 5 - 7Y varieties widened rapidly [5]. - **Funds' Bond Preferences**: Since 2024, funds have preferred to net - buy 7 - 10Y interest - rate bonds, 20 - 30Y treasury bonds, 1 - 5Y medium - term notes, and 7 - 10Y "Er Yong" bonds, except for short - term financing bonds [8]. - **Comparison with Q4 2022**: Both rounds showed the characteristic of "Er Yong" bonds leading the decline, but in this round, the short - end decline was small, and the curve steepening was more significant [9]. - **Funds' Trading Behavior**: In September, funds mainly sold "Er Yong" bonds, 10Y old policy - bank bonds, and old ultra - long treasury bonds. They had a net - selling of 16 billion yuan of cash bonds in total, with 101.5 billion yuan of other bonds (including "Er Yong" bonds) mainly sold in the 7 - 10Y and over 30Y maturities, and 55.2 billion yuan of old 20 - 30Y treasury bonds sold. At the same time, they also bought new treasury bonds of the same maturities [13]. - **Funds' Selling Progress**: Fund selling has accelerated, but there is still a large clearing space, and funds can still be seen in ultra - long active bonds [16]. 3.2 Commodity Demand Weakens, but Inflation Expectations Remain Strong - **Commodity Market Situation**: The "Golden September and Silver October" in the commodity market was not as expected. After the pre - holiday inventory - replenishment narrative ended, commodities reached the lowest point after the Politburo meeting. There was a differentiation between upstream and downstream, with the downstream dominated by the "supply - demand logic" and the upstream by the "anti - involution" logic [18]. - **Inflation Expectations**: According to the monthly spread of coking coal, the year - on - year PPI in 2026 was priced at 1.2% on September 30th, and it may exceed 2% in April. If PPI is transmitted to core CPI, the year - on - year core CPI in March next year may be 1.6%, and real interest rates may decline, with the effect of re - inflation similar to the interest - rate cut in 2024 [18][20]. - **Travel and Consumption Improvement**: During the 8 - day National Day and Mid - Autumn Festival holiday this year, the number of tourist trips increased by 16.1% year - on - year, and domestic tourism spending increased by 13.5%. The daily average number of tourist trips increased by 1.6%, and consumption increased by 1%. Since 2022, the economic cycle has been in the recovery stage, and by October 2025, the number of tourist trips (+10.4%) and tourism revenue (+3.1%) have exceeded the 2019 levels [21]. 3.3 Fourth - Quarter Bond - Market Highlights: Comparison, Institutional Behavior, and Tariff Re - trading - **EVA Comparison Perspective**: As of the end of September, the after - tax EVA level of 30Y treasury bonds was 2.15%. Even considering the restoration of value - added tax on interest income, it had a high comparison advantage over the existing mortgage loan rate of 1.71%, with the spread reaching the 79% historical quantile since 2015. However, the EVA spread of 10Y treasury bonds compared to general loans only recovered to the 24% historical quantile, with a relatively neutral comparison advantage [23]. - **Fundamental Perspective**: Economic data from July to August was weak. Investment - end sub - items declined significantly, and the previously strong social retail sales also declined. Manufacturing growth turned negative, infrastructure investment declined, and real - estate investment continued to decline. Although this may lead to expectations of interest - rate cuts, from the perspective of real interest rates, the necessity of interest - rate cuts may not be high, and currently, the IRS - implied interest - rate cut expectation is low [26][30][32]. - **Institutional Behavior**: Currently, the market risk preference is high. Insurance bond - allocation growth may be weaker than before, and banks may redeem funds in advance, which is unfavorable to the bond - market supply - demand structure [34]. - **Tariff Turmoil**: The impact of the new round of tariff turmoil on the bond market was smaller than that in April. The decline in the A - share adjustment space on Monday may not be large. Compared with April, the increments in the A - share market include a strong AI industry trend, more familiarity with the "TACO" investment model, but also the risk of high valuations [36][37][38].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the coal industry [2][5]. Core Views - The supply-demand situation is improving, leading to a stable and slightly rising trend in coal prices. The report anticipates that coal prices will maintain a strong oscillating trend in late October 2025 [7][8]. - The demand side is supported by higher temperatures leading to increased coal consumption, particularly in coastal and inland provinces. The average daily coal consumption reached 5.486 million tons as of October 9, 2025, a week-on-week increase of 18.82% and a year-on-year increase of 8.29% [7][8]. - On the supply side, there are expectations of tighter supply due to regulatory measures against overproduction and adverse weather conditions affecting coal production and transportation [7][8]. Summary by Sections 1. Industry Overview - The coal industry consists of 37 listed companies with a total market capitalization of 185.34 billion yuan and a circulating market capitalization of 181.40 billion yuan [2]. 2. Price Tracking - The report indicates that the price of thermal coal at the Qinhuangdao port was 710 yuan per ton as of October 10, 2025, reflecting a week-on-week increase of 5 yuan per ton [8]. - The average daily production of thermal coal from 462 sample mines was 5.529 million tons, a week-on-week decrease of 0.23% and a year-on-year decrease of 3.42% [8]. 3. Inventory Tracking - The report notes that the Daqin line has begun its autumn maintenance, which will reduce daily transport capacity and may lead to further inventory depletion at ports [8]. 4. Downstream Performance - The steel market is entering a traditional peak season, which is expected to improve the demand for coking coal. The average daily pig iron production has remained above 2.4 million tons [7][8]. 5. Company Performance - Key companies recommended for investment include Yanzhou Coal Mining Company, Shanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group, and others, which are expected to benefit from the improving coal price environment [8][12].

A-Share Market - The A-share market showed a mixed performance with the Shanghai Composite Index slightly up by 0.37%, while the ChiNext Index fell significantly by 3.86, indicating notable internal market differences [5][6] - Value stocks generally rose, particularly mid-cap value stocks, while growth stocks experienced a broad pullback. The average daily trading volume for the week was 2.6 trillion yuan, showing a slight increase compared to the previous period [5][6] - The market volatility increased post-National Day, influenced by rising prices of industrial and precious metals, with gold surpassing 4000 USD per ounce. The non-ferrous metals sector saw a cumulative increase of 4.35% during the week [5][6] Hong Kong Market - The Hong Kong market faced downward pressure, with the Hang Seng Index declining by 3.13% and the Hang Seng Tech Index dropping by 5.48%. Traditional value sectors showed relative resilience, while technology, consumer, and healthcare sectors experienced significant declines, with non-essential consumer and healthcare sectors falling over 6% [7] - The adjustment in the Hong Kong market was primarily driven by external uncertainties and internal sector rotations, particularly due to the tightening of US-China relations. The announcement of a 100% tariff on all brand or patented drug imports by the US significantly impacted the healthcare sector [7] - Looking ahead, the Hong Kong market is expected to be heavily influenced by US-China relations, with potential risks from increased tariffs on Chinese goods. Focus should be on dividend-paying sectors less affected by these relations, especially cyclical sectors benefiting from anti-involution policies [7]

Group 1: Overview of Market Performance - The overall market showed a mild increase, with the technology sector continuing to rotate, while the battery and non-ferrous metal industries remained strong [2][11] - The A-share market's performance before the holiday indicated strong confidence among bullish funds, with a notable increase in the two-margin balance and average guarantee ratio [3][14] - Global stock markets generally rose during the holiday, providing a potential for A-shares to catch up post-holiday, with significant increases in indices such as the Nikkei, which rose by 6.70% [3][14] Group 2: Sector Analysis - The technology sector is expected to experience a rotation pattern characterized by "high-level fluctuations—midstream switching—downstream diffusion," with a focus on artificial intelligence, chips, and robotics as core areas [5][18] - The non-ferrous metal industry is benefiting from rising commodity prices and policies aimed at reducing competition, showing strong upward momentum [11][16] - The communication industry, which performed well in July and August, saw a decline, while the power equipment sector maintained a rebound trend [2][11] Group 3: Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on low-position sectors such as brokerage firms and cyclical industries related to "anti-involution," including new energy, building materials, and non-ferrous metals [5][18] - The internal structure of the technology sector is undergoing adjustments rather than a complete shift, with expectations that technology rotation will evolve along the lines of "themes—infrastructure—applications" [5][18] - Key areas to watch include consumer electronics benefiting from the iPhone 17 sales recovery and humanoid robots supported by strong revenue agreements [5][18]

Economic Indicators Changes - In September, China's official manufacturing PMI was 49.8%, an increase of 0.4 percentage points from the previous value of 49.4%, indicating a slight acceleration in overall economic output [13] - The U.S. core PCE price index in August grew by 2.9%, consistent with expectations, indicating stable potential inflation [14] - The Eurozone's unemployment rate in August was 6.3%, slightly higher than the previous 6.2%, while the manufacturing PMI for September was 49.8%, above expectations [15] Major Asset Performance - Global stock markets mostly rose, with the Nikkei 225 index leading with a 6.70% increase from September 30 to October 6 [18] - Global long-term bond yields saw a slight increase, with Japan's 10-year government bond yield rising by 0.9% during the same period [18] - In the commodities market, silver prices surged by 3.77% from September 30 to October 6, while oil prices declined [19] Domestic and International Events - The U.S. government entered a partial shutdown due to a failure to pass a temporary funding bill, raising market risk aversion [22] - High-profile political changes in Japan, with the election of Sanae Takaichi as the new leader of the ruling party, are expected to lead to a return to aggressive fiscal and monetary policies [23] - OpenAI and AMD announced a multi-billion dollar partnership, which could significantly alter the AI chip landscape and challenge Nvidia's market dominance [27] Domestic Data Tracking - During the National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival holiday, cross-regional travel in China reached a historical high, with an estimated 1.249 billion trips made from October 1 to 4, a 5.7% increase year-on-year [30] - The domestic box office exceeded 1.5 billion yuan during the holiday, although the number of moviegoers declined by 21.12% compared to the previous year [33] Post-Holiday Market Outlook - The technology sector is expected to experience a rotation pattern characterized by "high-level fluctuations—midstream switching—downstream diffusion," with a focus on AI, chips, and robotics as core areas [34] - The overall market risk and risks within the technology sector are deemed manageable, with low-position sectors such as brokerage and cyclical industries being highlighted for potential investment [34]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Accumulate (Maintain)" [2] Core Viewpoints - The report indicates that the high-quality development of the Beijing Stock Exchange (北交所) is expected to yield significant results in 2025, with a positive outlook for the overall performance of the exchange in the coming year [21] - The report highlights the performance of the North Exchange 50 Index, which experienced a decline of 3.11% to close at 1528.98 points as of September 28, 2025, while other indices such as the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300, ChiNext, and Sci-Tech 50 showed increases of 1.07%, 1.96%, and 6.47% respectively [3][6] - The report emphasizes the average market capitalization of the 277 constituent stocks in the North Exchange, which stands at 3.138 billion yuan, and notes a significant valuation premium compared to other A-share markets [8][11] Summary by Sections 1. North Exchange Market Overview - As of September 28, 2025, the North Exchange has 277 constituent stocks with an average market capitalization of 3.138 billion yuan [6] - The North Exchange A-shares had a median PE ratio of 47 times, significantly higher than the median PE ratios of 29 times for the entire A-share market, 39 times for ChiNext, and 41 times for Sci-Tech Board, indicating a valuation premium of 164%, 121%, and 116% respectively [8] 2. Industry Performance - The top five performing industries in the A-share market for the week were electrical equipment, non-ferrous metals, electronics, media, and public utilities, with respective increases of 3.86%, 3.52%, 3.51%, 0.63%, and 0.28% [11] 3. North Exchange Individual Stock Performance - Among the 277 stocks listed on the North Exchange, 19 stocks increased in value, while 256 stocks decreased, resulting in an increase ratio of 7% [13] 4. New Stocks on the North Exchange - As of September 28, 2025, 19 companies, including Dongsheng Jin Material and Baiying Biological, have reached the inquiry stage, while three companies, including Jingchuang Electric and Dapeng Industrial, are in the registration stage [17][18] 5. Investment Strategy for the North Exchange - The report suggests focusing on several sectors for investment in 2025, including: 1. Data Centers: KLT and Shuguang Shuchuang 2. Robotics: Suzhou Axis, Audiwei, Jun Chuang Technology, and Fuheng New Materials 3. Semiconductors: Hualing Co. and Kaide Quartz 4. Consumer Goods: Taihu Snow, Boshenglong, Lusi Co., Kangbiter, and Thunder God Technology 5. Military Information Technology: Chengdian Guangxin and Xingtuzhihui [21]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - Last week, the credit bond market adjusted significantly, with the ChinaBond New Composite Index falling 0.22% for the week. Short - term and medium - to - long - term pure bond funds declined by 0.04% and 0.12% respectively. The CSI AAA Sci - tech Innovation Bond Index and the SSE Benchmark Market - making Corporate Bond Index dropped 0.30% and 0.34% respectively [8]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Funds Flow - As of September 26, 2025, bond - type ETFs had a net inflow of 117.5 billion yuan in the past week. Interest - rate, credit, and convertible - bond ETFs had net outflows of 1.444 billion yuan, net inflows of 119.269 billion yuan, and net outflows of 325 million yuan respectively. Among credit - type ETFs, short - term financing, corporate bonds, and urban investment bonds had net outflows of 574 million yuan, 22 million yuan, and 70 million yuan respectively. Market - making credit - bond ETFs had a net outflow of 1.425 billion yuan, while sci - tech innovation bonds had a net inflow of 121.36 billion yuan. - As of September 26, 2025, the cumulative net inflows of interest - rate, credit, and convertible - bond ETFs for the year were 62.338 billion yuan, 420.901 billion yuan, and 26.697 billion yuan respectively, totaling 509.936 billion yuan [4]. 3.2 Net Value Performance - Throughout the week, the net values of interest - rate and credit - bond ETF products adjusted to varying degrees. The 30 - year Treasury Bond ETF performed weakly, falling 0.50% for the week as of September 26, 2025. Among other products, the benchmark Treasury Bond ETF and the Policy - Financial Bond ETF declined by about 0.2%. The Treasury - Policy Financial Bond ETF, the 0 - 4 Local Government Bond ETF, and the Short - term Financing ETF performed well. The Convertible Bond ETF and the SSE Convertible Bond ETF rose 0.88% and 0.89% respectively last week [5]. 3.3 Performance of Credit - Bond ETFs and Sci - tech Innovation Bond ETFs - As of September 26, 2025, the median unit net values of credit - bond ETFs and sci - tech innovation bond ETFs were 1.0047 and 0.9931 respectively, falling 0.28% and 0.29% for the week. Among credit - bond ETFs, the SSE Corporate Bond ETF and the Credit - Bond ETF Fund both declined 0.34%, performing weakly, while the Credit - Bond ETF Tianhong and the Credit - Bond ETF Dacheng performed better. Among sci - tech innovation bond ETFs, the Sci - tech Innovation Bond ETF Southern fell 0.32%, and the Sci - tech Innovation Bond ETF E Fund and the Sci - tech Innovation Bond ETF Invesco performed relatively well. - As of September 26, 2025, the median discount rate of credit - bond ETFs was 41BP, and that of sci - tech innovation bond ETFs was 9BP [6]. 3.4 Credit - Type ETF Duration Tracking - As of September 26, 2025, the holding durations of the Short - term Financing ETF, the Corporate Bond ETF, and the Urban Investment Bond ETF were 0.31 years, 2.06 years, and 2.22 years respectively. Among market - making credit - bond ETFs, the median holding durations of products tracking the Shanghai Market - making Corporate Bond and Shenzhen Market - making Corporate Bond were 4.15 years and 2.99 years respectively. Among sci - tech innovation bond ETFs, the median holding durations of products tracking the AAA Sci - tech Innovation Bond, the Shanghai AAA Sci - tech Innovation Bond, and the Shenzhen AAA Sci - tech Innovation Bond were 3.26 years, 3.53 years, and 2.97 years respectively [9].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" (maintained) [4] Core Views - The company has shown steady progress in its barcode module and semiconductor optics businesses, with expectations for recovery in the microscope business in the second half of the year [5][9] - The company’s revenue for H1 2025 was 441 million yuan, representing a year-on-year increase of 3.0%, while the net profit attributable to shareholders was 108 million yuan, up 8.8% year-on-year [6] - The optical components business generated 265 million yuan in revenue for H1 2025, accounting for 60.1% of total revenue, with a year-on-year growth of 4.4% [7] Summary by Sections Financial Performance - For H1 2025, the company reported a revenue of 441 million yuan, with a gross margin of 40.3% and a net margin of 24.6% [6] - The company’s revenue projections for 2023A to 2027E show a growth trajectory, with expected revenues of 1,763 million yuan by 2027, reflecting a compound annual growth rate [4][11] Business Segments - The barcode scanning and machine vision segments are experiencing steady growth, with the company maintaining its position as the global leader in optical component shipments [8] - The automotive LiDAR segment is expected to see accelerated growth in shipments, contributing significantly to profits in the second half of the year [8] - The medical optics segment is also projected to maintain high growth, with increasing penetration rates and collaborations with leading companies [8] - The semiconductor optics business is anticipated to gradually realize revenue from multiple key projects in the second half of the year [8] Market Position - The company has achieved a market share increase in high-end microscopes, with over 40% of its microscope shipments being high-end products [9] - The company’s barcode scanning business has transitioned from Tier 2 to Tier 1 status, indicating a significant improvement in its market position [8] Investment Recommendations - Based on the mid-year performance, the company’s profit forecasts for 2025-2027 have been adjusted to 270 million, 348 million, and 457 million yuan respectively, with corresponding P/E ratios of 45, 35, and 27 [9][11]