Group 1: Manufacturing Weight Importance - The issue of "manufacturing weight" has gained significant attention from the central government since the 19th National Congress, with key deployments in the 2020 "14th Five-Year Plan" and subsequent meetings[1] - The "15th Five-Year Plan" suggests maintaining a reasonable manufacturing weight, aiming for a long-term target of 24.5% of GDP, as recommended by UNIDO[1][2] - China's manufacturing value added as a percentage of GDP has decreased from a peak of 32% in 2006 to 25% in 2024, indicating a critical phase for maintaining this ratio[2][14] Group 2: Economic Implications - A manufacturing weight below 20% is a critical threshold that can lead to a downward trend, weakening economic resilience and development potential[15] - The manufacturing sector is essential for breaking through the middle-income trap and is a key driver of national security[4][15] - The investment share in manufacturing has rebounded from 26% in 2020 to 33% by October 2025, highlighting the cyclical relationship between manufacturing value added and investment[2][5] Group 3: International Comparisons - International experience shows a "U-shaped" trend in manufacturing weight, with developed countries maintaining a ratio above 20% to ensure economic stability[13][15] - Countries like Germany and Japan have stabilized their manufacturing weight around 20%, leveraging high-end manufacturing to maintain economic resilience[13][28] - In contrast, Brazil and Argentina have seen their manufacturing weights drop below 20%, leading to economic challenges and a low-value-added industrial structure[38]

证券研究报告 | 浙商早知道 报告日期：2025 年 11 月 21 日 浙商早知道 http://www.stocke.com.cn 1/3 请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 2025 年 11 月 21 日 ：张延兵 执业证书编号：S1230511010020 ：021-80106048 ：zhangyanbing@stocke.com.cn 市场总览 重要观点 【浙商固收 覃汉/陈婷婷】债券市场专题研究：权益长牛如何重塑转债格局？——20251120 大势：周四上证指数下跌 0.40%，沪深 300 下跌 0.51%，科创 50 下跌 1.24%，中证 1000 下跌 0.63%，创业板指下 跌 1.1%，恒生指数上涨 0.02%。 行业：周四表现最好的行业分别是建筑材料（+1.40%)、综合（+0.87%)、银行（+0.86%)、通信（+0.51%)、房地 产（+0.33%)，表现最差的行业分别是美容护理（-2.39%)、煤炭（-2.10%)、电力设备（-1.96%)、石油石化（-1.52%)、 商贸零售（-1.42%)。 资金：周四沪深总成交额为 17082 亿元，南下资金净流入 159.9 亿港元 ...

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Accumulate" (maintained) [3] Core Views - The company is expected to see a performance turnaround, with a promising start to the "14th Five-Year Plan" [1] - Revenue growth is anticipated to recover gradually, with brand products expected to show stable growth [6] - The company has a good channel inventory, and its core products are less affected by price reductions from centralized procurement [6] Financial Summary - Projected revenue for 2024 is 6,515.16 million, with a slight decrease of 3.23% compared to the previous year, followed by a growth of 2.11% in 2025 and 10.40% in 2026 [2] - The net profit attributable to the parent company is expected to be 622.42 million in 2024, increasing by 5.21% year-on-year, with further growth of 15.39% in 2025 and 14.65% in 2026 [2] - Earnings per share (EPS) is projected to rise from 0.25 in 2024 to 0.37 in 2027 [2] Performance Indicators - The weighted ROE is expected to improve, reaching 8.05% by the end of Q3 2025, up by 0.52 percentage points year-on-year [6] - The company’s gross margin is projected to increase from 53.14% in 2024 to 56.24% in 2027 [7] - The net profit margin is expected to rise from 10.10% in 2024 to 11.88% in 2027 [7] Valuation Metrics - The projected P/E ratios are 18.84 for 2024, decreasing to 12.47 by 2027 [2] - The projected P/B ratios are expected to decline from 1.76 in 2024 to 1.51 in 2027 [7] - The EV/EBITDA ratio is projected to decrease from 10.10 in 2024 to 7.22 in 2027 [7]

A+H 权益组合业绩评价框架 ——主动量化研究系列 核心观点 本报告中，我们对 A+H 跨市场权益组合业绩评价体系进行了构建，并给出了具体测 算流程。从结果看，可对组合收益来源及能力圈进行较好的评价。 ❑ A+H 组合评价：需解决哪些问题 组合评价体系包括业绩和风险两部分，一般我们需要其满足如下要求：精细化， 全面，灵敏，稳健。在这个过程中，需考虑不同市场结构对行业、风格的影响， 同时也需考虑汇率的波动。 ❑ 跨市场权益组合评价体系 对于 A+H 跨市场组合评价体系，基于现有成熟的风险维度，首先分别搭建两个 市场的模型：包含敞口和收益。对标基准，按市场进行权重分配，纳入汇率收 益。得到单独市场的敞口和收益拆分结果，然后进行汇总。 相关报告 1 《物价回归，决战 2026》 2025.11.18 2 《主线切换：涨价逻辑首选化 工》 2025.11.16 3 《A 股新常态：主线切换，情 绪不减》 2025.11.09 ❑ 收益拆分：汇率、市场、行业、风格、选股 以模拟组合为例，对其进行分析。整体看，组合超配 materials，低配 banks；偏 小市值、高换手、高盈利、动量。港股仓位超额收益为正，A 股为 ...

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is positive, indicating a favorable outlook for the carbon market expansion and its impact on the steel, cement, and aluminum smelting sectors [30][31]. Core Insights - The report highlights the issuance of the allocation plan for carbon emission rights in the steel, cement, and aluminum smelting industries, marking a significant step towards substantial carbon market expansion [1][11]. - The allocation plan emphasizes a stable transition with increased carryover allowances and a narrowed deviation range for carbon emission intensity, which is expected to enhance long-term emission reduction incentives while maintaining market stability [2][17]. - The carbon market is entering a new phase of systematic expansion and institutional deepening, with expectations for broader coverage and more precise regulation in the future [3][23]. Summary by Sections 1. Policy Overview - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the allocation plan for carbon emissions in the steel, cement, and aluminum smelting industries, which is a concrete implementation of earlier expansion policies [11][12]. - The plan focuses on direct emissions from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes, excluding indirect emissions from electricity and heat consumption [12][13]. 2. Policy Impact - The continuity of the policy is strong, with a clear emphasis on using market mechanisms to control greenhouse gas emissions and promote green transformation in industries [21][22]. - The expansion of the carbon market is expected to follow a principle of gradual inclusion, with new industries being added as they mature [23][24]. - Near the end of the year, carbon prices are showing signs of support, although the impact of the new allocation plan on carbon prices is expected to be limited [26][27].

Core Insights - The demand side indicates that the long bull market in equities, combined with the stock-bond seesaw effect, may lead to continued outflow of funds from the bond market, while the demand for convertible bonds remains resilient [1] - On the supply side, the prevalence of strong redemptions in convertible bonds is likely to continue, but issuance is expected to improve starting in 2026, leading to a potential new-old transition in market structure [1] - From a long-term perspective, convertible bonds are expected to enter a slow bull market alongside equities, but their performance is likely to be weaker than stocks and stronger than pure bonds [1] Demand Side Analysis - The stock-bond seesaw effect suggests that funds may continue to flow out of the bond market, with solid returns from equity markets driving this trend [2] - The core advantage of fixed income plus funds lies in their diversified asset allocation, which balances the risk-return characteristics of stocks and bonds [2] - Despite a slight outflow of funds recently, the demand for convertible bonds remains robust, with the share and scale of secondary bond funds significantly expanding in Q3 2025 [8] Supply Side Analysis - The convertible bond market saw a rapid contraction post-2015 bull market, with the market balance dropping to just 13.3 billion yuan by the end of 2015, a decrease of over 120 billion yuan from the previous year [11] - As the equity bull market continues, some existing convertible bonds will likely have strong redemption windows, and the prevalence of strong redemptions is expected to persist [11] - Starting in 2026, the issuance of convertible bonds is projected to improve, with an estimated supply of around 50-60 billion yuan, slightly better than in 2025 [16] Valuation and Market Dynamics - The historical valuation trends of convertible bonds generally follow the movements of the equity market, with the premium rate primarily driven by balanced and equity-oriented convertible bonds [19] - In a bull market for equities, investors may prefer balanced and equity-oriented convertible bonds to capture higher returns [19] - The current market faces challenges due to limited capacity for fund absorption and high price valuations, which compress the yield space for convertible bonds [19][20]

Market Overview - On November 19, the Shanghai Composite Index rose by 0.18%, the CSI 300 increased by 0.44%, the STAR Market 50 fell by 0.97%, the CSI 1000 decreased by 0.82%, the ChiNext Index rose by 0.25%, and the Hang Seng Index dropped by 0.38% [3][4] - The best-performing sectors on November 19 were non-ferrous metals (+2.39%), oil and petrochemicals (+1.67%), defense and military (+1.11%), beauty and personal care (+1.09%), and banking (+0.92%). The worst-performing sectors were comprehensive (-3.08%), real estate (-2.09%), media (-1.72%), building materials (-1.71%), and retail (-1.7%) [3][4] - The total trading volume for the A-share market on November 19 was 17,426.66 billion yuan, with a net inflow of 6.591 billion Hong Kong dollars from southbound funds [3][4] Important Insights Macroeconomic Analysis - In October 2025, the growth rate of fiscal expenditure slowed down due to a combination of factors: a phase of retreat following a preemptive fiscal push earlier in the year and a high base effect from the previous year [5] - The Ministry of Finance reported that fiscal policy implementation fell short of expectations, with hidden debts increasing beyond expectations [5] Strategic Research - The market outlook suggests a "systematic slow bull" phase, indicating a slower and more systematic market movement [6] - Inflation is expected to return, with a focus on cyclical sectors before consumer sectors in 2026 [6] - The market remains neutrally optimistic, considering various factors such as international conditions, economic cycles, domestic policies, capital flows, market sentiment, and broad valuations [6] - The Shanghai Composite Index is anticipated to experience a gradual upward trend, with fluctuations expected between the high point in February 2021 and the 0.809 quantile of the range from 5,178 to 2,440 [6]

Market Overview - On November 18, the Shanghai Composite Index fell by 0.81%, the CSI 300 decreased by 0.65%, the STAR 50 rose by 0.29%, the CSI 1000 dropped by 1%, and the ChiNext Index declined by 1.16% [5] - The best-performing sectors on November 18 were Media (+1.6%), Computer (+0.93%), Electronics (+0.12%), and Food & Beverage (+0.03%), while the worst-performing sectors were Coal (-3.17%), Electric Equipment (-2.97%), Steel (-2.85%), Nonferrous Metals (-2.8%), and Basic Chemicals (-2.67%) [5] - The total trading volume of the A-share market on November 18 was 1,946 billion yuan, with a net inflow of 7.466 billion HKD from southbound funds [5] Important Recommendations Company: Baiao Intelligent (300836) - The recommendation logic highlights the company's positioning in customized automation equipment, with opportunities in munitions and AI computing power expected to enhance profitability [6] - Revenue projections for 2025-2027 are 1,055 million, 1,368 million, and 1,774 million yuan, with growth rates of 126.4%, 29.7%, and 29.7% respectively. Net profit is forecasted at 122 million, 169 million, and 221 million yuan, with growth rates of 346.8%, 38.0%, and 30.6% respectively [6] Company: Lu Wei Optoelectronics (688401) - The recommendation is based on the company's rare capabilities in G11 and G8.6 high-generation platforms, benefiting from the IT-OLED market expansion and semiconductor recovery [7] - Revenue forecasts for 2025-2027 are 1,164.17 million, 1,568.91 million, and 2,120.63 million yuan, with growth rates of 32.96%, 34.77%, and 35.17% respectively. Net profit is expected to be 262.67 million, 366.91 million, and 514.29 million yuan, with growth rates of 37.62%, 39.68%, and 40.17% respectively [8] Key Insights Machinery Sector - The core viewpoint indicates a cyclical reversal, growth emergence, and acceleration of overseas expansion in the machinery sector [9] - The focus has shifted from emphasizing self-sufficiency to promoting overseas expansion, with growth expected in engineering machinery, industrial gases, and semiconductor equipment [9] Communication Sector - The communication sector is expected to see steady growth, with a focus on computing power, operator benefits, and satellite internet opportunities [10] - The domestic commercial rocket is anticipated to successfully conduct test flights, contributing to the sector's growth [10] Media and Internet Sector - The media and internet sector is projected to recover in 2026, driven by policy support, improved content supply, and accelerated AI commercialization [12] - The emphasis is on the structural improvement of content supply and the enhanced efficiency brought by AI applications in advertising and content creation [12] Computer Sector - The computer industry is witnessing a systematic breakthrough in domestic computing power, transitioning from technical advancements to commercialization of AI applications [14] - Investment opportunities are identified in domestic computing power and the commercial realization of AI, with catalysts including breakthroughs in domestic computing power [14]

Group 1 - The report anticipates a transition of the Chinese economy from a bottoming phase to a recovery phase in 2026, driven by three unexpected demand-side factors: U.S. fiscal expansion, rising exports, and improved real estate supply-demand dynamics [1][21][54] - U.S. fiscal deficit is projected to reach 5.9% in FY 2026, with potential increases to 7.2% if tariff revenues are eliminated, which could lead to a medium-strength recovery starting in Q1 2026 [1][21][25] - The global supply chain reconstruction is expected to boost China's export growth, particularly in machinery and transportation equipment, which have shown significant growth since April 2025 [2][54][58] Group 2 - The real estate market is showing signs of recovery, with an estimated inventory clearance period of approximately 25.3 months as of September 2025, suggesting a potential stabilization in housing prices by the end of 2026 [3][54] - The strategy emphasizes a focus on cyclical sectors before consumer sectors, with particular attention to industries such as chemicals, new energy, and construction materials, which are expected to benefit from the recovery narrative [6][54] - The report highlights that the micro-cap stock market may continue its bullish trend, with an estimated net inflow of approximately 5 billion yuan per month from new private equity quantitative products [7][54]

Fiscal Performance - In October 2025, national general public budget revenue increased by 3.2% year-on-year, primarily driven by accelerated tax revenue growth[1] - National general public budget expenditure in October 2025 decreased by 9.8% year-on-year, a significant decline compared to the previous month's growth of 3.1%[1] - The completion rate of the general fiscal budget revenue from January to October 2025 was 60.5%, consistent with the same period in 2024, while the expenditure completion rate was 72.7%, exceeding the 2024 level[2] Government Fund Budget - The revenue from the government fund budget in October 2025 saw a year-on-year decline of 18.4%, contrasting with a previous increase of 5.6%[2] - The expenditure growth rate for the government fund budget in October 2025 was -38.2%, down from 0.4% in the previous month[2] - The total government fund budget revenue from January to October 2025 was 34,473 billion yuan, a decrease of 2.8% year-on-year, with land use rights transfer income dropping by 7.4%[9] Tax Revenue Insights - Tax revenue in October 2025 reached 20,700 billion yuan, reflecting an 8.6% year-on-year increase, while non-tax revenue fell by 33%[4] - From January to October 2025, domestic VAT, consumption tax, corporate income tax, and personal income tax grew by 4.0%, 2.4%, 1.9%, and 11.5% respectively, indicating a stable recovery in the macroeconomic environment[5] Expenditure Trends - The expenditure in key areas such as social security and employment, health, and education showed strong progress, with completion rates of 85.6%, 79%, and 76.4% respectively[8] - To meet the annual expenditure targets, an increase in fiscal spending in November and December 2025 is necessary[2] Risks and Outlook - Potential risks include the possibility of fiscal policies not being implemented as expected and the increase of hidden debts beyond projections[14][46] - The introduction of new policy financial tools and the allocation of 500 billion yuan from central fiscal resources to local governments are expected to support economic recovery in the fourth quarter[3]