Report Title - Steel and Ore Weekly Report (2025-09-22): Peak Season Features Emerge, Steel Prices Fluctuate and Rise [1] Report Main Viewpoints Steel - **Price**: Spot prices stop falling and rebound, while the futures market fluctuates upward [4]. - **Supply**: Blast furnace production rises slightly, while electric furnace production continues to decline [4]. - **Inventory**: Building material inventory starts to decline, and plate inventory decreases slightly [4]. - **Demand**: The recovery of building material demand is slow, while the apparent demand for plates accumulates slightly [4]. - **Profit**: Blast furnace profits are slightly repaired, and electric furnace losses narrow [4]. - **Basis**: The basis of the 01 rebar contract expands significantly and is expected to continue expanding [4]. - **Summary**: The supply - demand structure of steel begins to improve, with peak - season features becoming more obvious. The futures market has high expectations for policies. Pay attention to the recovery speed and sustainability of demand. For strategies, stay on the sidelines for single - sided steel trading and consider shorting the rebar - ore ratio [4]. Iron Ore - **Price**: Ore prices rise slightly, and the futures market fluctuates upward [4]. - **Supply**: Shipments from Australia and Brazil increase, while arrivals decline month - on - month [4]. - **Demand**: Blast furnace production increases, and demand recovers month - on - month [4]. - **Inventory**: Port inventory decreases slightly, while downstream total inventory accumulates [4]. - **Shipping**: Shipping costs both rise [4]. - **Spread**: The 1 - 5 spread remains basically flat, and the 01 discount narrows slightly [4]. - **Summary**: Last week, the supply of iron ore tightened month - on - month, and demand continued to recover. The supply - demand structure continued to improve. In the short term, the market may still trade on the pre - National Day stockpiling, and ore prices may maintain a current volatile and upward trend. Aggressive investors can continue to look for short - term long - buying opportunities on pullbacks [4]. Market Conditions and Strategies Capital Sentiment and Technical Analysis - For rebar, positions continue to increase, trading volume expands, and the futures market shows a volatile and rising trend, forming a rounded bottom structure. However, it may face resistance around 3200. For iron ore, capital continues to flow in, the price breaks through effectively, and is expected to continue rising [5]. Strategy Recommendations - Hold long positions in iron ore on a single - sided basis. - Continue to consider shorting rebar and going long on iron ore for arbitrage. - For industrial clients in the spot - futures market, hold spot goods and establish a small number of short positions on the futures market when the price rebounds to form a positive arbitrage position. During the peak season, actively sell goods and try to reduce inventory levels [7]. Steel Monthly Market Tracking Price - Last week, rebar prices fluctuated upward, with the 01 contract rising 45 to 3172. Spot prices also increased, with rebar in East China reported at 3260 yuan/ton, up 40 week - on - week [13]. Supply - **Blast Furnace**: The blast furnace operating rate of 247 steel mills in China is 83.98%, up 0.15 percentage points week - on - week and 5.75 percentage points year - on - year. The blast furnace ironmaking capacity utilization rate is 90.35%, up 0.17 percentage points week - on - week and 6.29 percentage points year - on - year. The daily average pig iron output is 241.02 tons, up 0.47 tons week - on - week and 17.19 tons year - on - year [16]. - **Electric Furnace**: The average capacity utilization rate of 90 independent electric arc furnace steel mills in China is 54.35%, down 0.91 percentage points week - on - week and up 14.68 percentage points year - on - year. The average operating rate is 70.63%, down 1.29 percentage points week - on - week and up 9.59 percentage points year - on - year [24]. - **Building Materials and Plates**: Rebar production decreased by 5.48 tons last week, and hot - rolled coil production increased by 1.35 tons. It is expected that rebar production will not decline significantly in the future, and hot - rolled coil production may slightly decline [27]. Demand - **Building Materials**: From September 4th to 10th, the clinker kiln line capacity utilization rate of 274 cement plants was 55.69%, up 14.96 percentage points week - on - week and 8.20 percentage points year - on - year. Infrastructure demand is continuously released, housing construction projects are accelerating the resumption of work, and the demand for rebar is gradually increasing. Speculative demand is also expected to recover [30]. - **Plates**: The downstream industries of hot - rolled coils have gradually started procurement plans. The current orders on hand of steel mills can still last for about 15 days, and rigid demand still supports hot - rolled coil consumption [34]. Profit - The profitability rate of steel mills is 58.87%, down 1.30 percentage points week - on - week and up 48.91 percentage points year - on - year. The profits of steel mills in Tangshan and East China have both recovered by about 30. The average profit of independent electric arc furnace building material steel mills is - 132 yuan/ton, and the off - peak electricity profit is - 35 yuan/ton, an increase of 14 yuan/ton week - on - week [38]. Inventory - **Building Materials**: The total inventory of five major steel products last week was 1519.74 tons, up 5.13 tons week - on - week. Building material inventory decreased by 2.78 tons, with rebar mill inventory decreasing by 1.56 tons and social inventory decreasing by 2.02 tons [43]. - **Plates**: Plate inventory increased by 3.24 tons week - on - week, with mill inventory increasing by 0.42 tons and social inventory increasing by 4.25 tons [46]. Basis - The basis of the rebar 01 contract rose 25 to 108, and the basis of the hot - rolled coil rose 20 to 66. Currently, the bases of both are at a relatively low level. Consider the opportunity of the rebar basis expanding [50]. Inter - period Spread - The 1 - 5 spread of rebar is - 60, with the contango deepening by 2 compared to last week. The 1 - 5 spread of hot - rolled coil is - 10, down 6. In the short term, the far - month expectation of rebar is still strong, and the contango is difficult to reverse [54]. Inter - commodity Spread - The spread between hot - rolled coil and rebar on the futures market narrowed by 35 to 202, and the spot spread decreased by 40 to 160. It is recommended to do long - short trading on the spread between hot - rolled coil and rebar, and go long when it is below 200 [57]. Iron Ore Monthly Market Tracking Price - Last week, the iron ore futures market fluctuated narrowly, with prices rising slightly. The 01 contract rose 8 to 807.5. The spot price was flat, with PB fines at Rizhao Port down 1 to 792 yuan/ton [63]. Supply - **Global Shipment**: The global iron ore shipment volume is 3573.1 tons, up 817 tons week - on - week. The weekly average shipment volume in September is 3164.65 tons, down 113 tons month - on - month and 98 tons year - on - year [66]. - **Arrival**: The arrival volume of 47 ports is 2392.3 tons, down 181 tons week - on - week. The weekly average arrival volume in September is 2482.6 tons, down 118 tons month - on - month and 36 tons year - on - year [72]. Demand - **Rigid Demand**: The daily average pig iron output of 247 sample steel mills is 241.02 tons/day, up 0.47 tons/day week - on - week [75]. - **Speculative Demand**: The daily average spot trading volume of iron ore at major Chinese ports is 109 tons/day, up 5.5 tons week - on - week [79]. Inventory - **Port Inventory**: As of September 19th, the inventory of 47 ports decreased by 74 tons, lower than the same period last year [82]. - **Downstream Inventory**: The total inventory of imported iron ore in Chinese steel mills is 9309.43 tons, up 316.38 tons week - on - week. The daily consumption of imported ore is 297.45 tons, up 0.80 tons week - on - week. The inventory - to - consumption ratio is 31.3 days, up 0.98 days week - on - week [85]. Shipping - The shipping price from Australia to Qingdao is 10.94 US dollars/ton, up 0.63 US dollars week - on - week. The shipping price from Brazil to Qingdao is 24.8 US dollars/ton, up 0.67 US dollars week - on - week [88]. Spread - The 01 contract basis is 17, narrowing by 2 week - on - week. The 1 - 5 spread is 21.5, narrowing by 0.5 week - on - week [91].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The supply - demand fundamentals of pulp have slightly improved, and the pulp price has rebounded slightly. The pulp futures price of contract 2511 is expected to fluctuate in the range of 4920 - 5180 this week [1][4] 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Pulp Price Analysis - **Spot Pulp Price**: Last week, the spot market price of pulp rebounded slightly. The prices of coniferous pulp remained stable, while the prices of broad - leaf pulp increased slightly. The prices of chemimechanical pulp, natural color pulp, and non - wood pulp remained unchanged compared to the previous week [11][14] - **Pulp Futures**: The main pulp futures contract SP2511 showed a slight up - and - down oscillation and rebounded last week, closing at 5018 yuan/ton, up 28 yuan/ton (or + 0.56%) [15] - **Pulp Futures - Spot Basis**: The basis discount of coniferous wood pulp to the closing price of the main futures contract was 632 yuan/ton, with the discount narrowing by 28 yuan/ton compared to the previous week [19] - **Log Futures**: The main log futures contract 2511 showed a slight oscillatory rebound last week, closing at 805.0 yuan/cubic meter, up 7.0 yuan/cubic meter (or + 0.88%) [20] 3.2 Pulp Supply - Side Analysis - **Weekly Production**: Last week, the pulp production was 51.8 tons, a week - on - week increase of 3.7 tons (or + 7.69%). The production of broad - leaf pulp and chemimechanical pulp increased, and it is expected that the production of domestic broad - leaf pulp will be about 23.2 tons and that of chemimechanical pulp will be about 22.0 tons this week [22] - **Capacity Utilization**: The weekly capacity utilization rates of domestic broad - leaf pulp and chemimechanical pulp both increased. It is expected that the capacity utilization rate will not change much next week [25] - **Monthly Production**: In August 2025, the domestic pulp production increased slightly, with wood pulp production rising and non - wood pulp production remaining flat [27] - **Monthly Capacity Utilization**: In August 2025, the capacity utilization rates of chemimechanical pulp and broad - leaf pulp both decreased [32] - **Monthly Production Profit**: In August 2025, the production profit of broad - leaf pulp increased month - on - month, and the loss of chemimechanical pulp decreased [36] - **Pulp Imports**: In August 2025, the pulp import volume decreased both month - on - month and year - on - year. From January to August 2025, the cumulative import volume increased year - on - year [37] 3.3 Pulp Demand - Side Analysis - **Downstream Capacity Utilization**: The capacity utilization rate of household paper decreased slightly, while those of offset paper, coated paper, and white cardboard increased. It is expected that the production of household paper will be about 27.9 tons, offset paper about 20.6 tons, coated paper about 8.5 tons, and white cardboard about 36.0 tons this week [39][43][46][47] - **Downstream Base Paper Gross Profit**: The gross profit of household paper decreased, while that of white cardboard increased slightly. The loss of offset paper decreased slightly, and the gross profit of coated paper increased [49][53] - **Domestic Pulp Consumption**: In August 2025, the actual pulp consumption increased both month - on - month and year - on - year [54] - **Downstream Base Paper Spot Price**: The prices of household paper and cultural paper remained stable, the price of whiteboard paper increased slightly, and the price of white cardboard remained basically stable [57][60] 3.4 Pulp Inventory - Side Analysis - **Pulp Port Inventory**: Currently, the overall port inventory of pulp is increasing. The inventory in Qingdao Port, Changshu Port, and Tianjin Port has all increased [61][63] - **Futures Pulp Warehouse Receipts**: The pulp futures warehouse receipts decreased by 0.25% compared to the previous week, and the warehouse receipts in Shandong decreased by 0.27% [65]

下游节前备货启动，双焦预计偏强运行 煤焦周度报告 20250922 正信期货研究院 黑色产业组 研究员：杨辉 投资咨询证号：Z0019319 Email：yangh@zxqh.net 1.1 价格：上周盘面大幅拉涨，节前预计维持偏强运行 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 1月2日 1月11 日 1月20 日 1月29 日 2月7日 2月16 日 2月25 日 3月5日 3月14 日 3月23 日 4月1日 4月11 日 4月20 日 4月29 日 5月11 日 5月20 日 5月29 日 6月7日 6月16 日 6月25 日 7月4日 7月13 日 7月22 日 7月31 日 8月9日 8月18 日 8月27 日 9月5日 9月14 日 9月23 日 10 月9日 10 月18 日 10 月27 日 11 月5日 11 月14 日 11 月23 日 12 月2日 12 月11 日 12 月20 日 12 月29 日 焦炭主力合约季节性 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 数据来源：东方财富行情软件，Wind，正信期货 | 报告主要观点 | ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - PTA lacks fundamental support and is expected to maintain a range - bound oscillation. The supply - demand balance sheet may shift from de - stocking to inventory accumulation, but low processing fees, increased maintenance plans, and cost - side support will keep it in this pattern [1][6]. - MEG is in a weak state and is expected to run weakly in the short term. Although there is a strong expectation of weakening supply - demand, the low inventory at the main port provides obvious support below [1][6]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 Upstream Analysis of the Industrial Chain - **Market Review**: Due to the Russia - Ukraine conflict and the Fed's 25 - basis - point interest rate cut, international crude oil prices rose this week, providing some cost support for PX. However, terminal demand remained sluggish, and the postponement of the commissioning time of new downstream PTA plants led to a significant decline in PX prices at the end of the session. As of September 19, the closing price of Asian PX was $815.67 per ton CFR China, down $15.66 per ton from September 12 [17]. - **Capacity Utilization**: The restart of two 160 - million - ton PX units of Fujian Fuhai Chuang and the maintenance of a 70 - million - ton unit of Dalian Fujia led to a narrow increase in the average weekly capacity utilization rate of domestic PX to 85.51%, a 0.88% increase from the previous week [20]. - **PX - Naphtha Price Spread**: As of September 19, the PX - naphtha price spread was $218.9 per ton, down $13.91 per ton from September 12. Due to the lack of improvement in terminal demand and the postponement of new PTA plant commissioning, the PX - naphtha price spread continued to decline [23]. 3.2 PTA Fundamental Analysis - **Market Review**: This week, PTA device operation was stable, but the restart of Fuhai Chuang was postponed. Terminal orders were average during the traditional peak season, and demand was tepid. With low processing fees, some enterprises added maintenance plans, and PTA mainly oscillated at a low level. As of September 19, the spot price of PTA was 4,555 yuan per ton, and the spot basis was 2601 - 81 [24]. - **Capacity Utilization**: The average weekly capacity utilization rate of PTA increased to 77.29%, a 2.34% increase from the previous week. In September, with the planned restart of some units, the capacity utilization rate is expected to reach around 78% [28][31]. - **Processing Fees**: With the upcoming restart of large - scale East China plants, increased domestic supply, and tepid terminal performance during the traditional peak season, PTA processing fees have been weakening. In the short term, although there is an expectation of weakening supply - demand, the low valuation limits the further downward space, and processing fees are expected to continue the weak pattern [32]. - **Supply - Demand Situation**: In September, with the restart of maintenance units and little change in demand, the PTA supply - demand situation is expected to shift from de - stocking to a loose balance [35]. 3.3 MEG Fundamental Analysis - **Market Review**: Despite the decline in the main port inventory, the market was generally worried about supply - side pressure. Although there were small rebounds during the week, the confidence to chase the rise was insufficient, and the MEG market remained weak at the weekend. As of September 19, the closing price of Zhangjiagang MEG was 4,352 yuan per ton, and the delivered price in the South China market was 4,470 yuan per ton [39]. - **Capacity Utilization**: The total capacity utilization rate of MEG was 67.04%, a 0.48% increase from the previous week. Among them, the capacity utilization rate of integrated plants decreased by 0.19%, and that of coal - based MEG increased by 1.56%. In September, with the restart of some domestic units and the end of the maintenance season, the overall MEG output is expected to continue to rise [46]. - **Inventory**: As of September 25, the total expected arrival volume of MEG in East China was 88,100 tons. As of September 18, the total MEG inventory in the main East China ports was 383,700 tons, a decrease of 11,900 tons from September 15 and an increase of 20,500 tons from September 11 [47][49]. - **Profit**: Due to the expected increase in supply and the rise in raw material prices, the profits of all MEG production processes declined this week. As of September 19, the profit of naphtha - based MEG was - $115.99 per ton, down $13.59 per ton from the previous week, and the profit of coal - based MEG was - 141.07 yuan per ton, down 87.68 yuan per ton from the previous week [51]. 3.4 Downstream Demand - Side Analysis of the Industrial Chain - **Polyester Production**: The average weekly capacity utilization rate of polyester was 87.89%, a 0.01% decrease from the previous week. With the restart of some previously maintained units and the planned commissioning of new units next week, domestic polyester production is expected to increase slightly [56]. - **Capacity Utilization Expectation**: In August, polyester production and sales were relatively good, and new plants were commissioned, resulting in a narrow fluctuation in the polyester operating rate. In September, with the expectation of the traditional peak season, the planned restart of some previously reduced - production and maintained units, and the expected commissioning of multiple new plants, the monthly polyester load is expected to increase [59]. - **Capacity Utilization of Sub - Products**: This week, the average weekly capacity utilization rate of polyester filament was 91.54%, a 0.11% increase from the previous period; the average capacity utilization rate of polyester staple fiber was 87.01%, a 0.19% increase from the previous week; and the capacity utilization rate of fiber - grade polyester chips was 83.31%, a 1.32% increase from the previous week [62]. - **Inventory**: Due to cautious downstream procurement and weak production and sales, factory finished - product inventories increased slightly this week [63]. - **Cash Flow**: With the decrease in polymerization costs, polyester manufacturers focused on sales, and the average weekly price decreased, compressing cash flow. However, the cash flow of DTY was repaired [66]. - **Weaving Industry**: As of September 18, the operating load of the weaving industry in Jiangsu and Zhejiang was 62.19%, a 0.23% decrease from the previous data. The average number of terminal weaving order days was 14.42 days, a decrease of 0.13 days from the previous week. The current orders are mainly for autumn and winter cold - proof fabrics, and the industry demand has not improved substantially [71]. 3.5 Summary of the Polyester Industrial Chain Fundamentals - **Cost Side**: International crude oil prices rose this week, providing some cost support for PX. However, due to weak terminal demand and the postponement of new PTA plant commissioning, PX prices declined significantly at the end of the session [73]. - **Supply Side**: The average weekly capacity utilization rate of PTA increased, and the total capacity utilization rate of MEG also increased slightly, with different trends in integrated and coal - based units [73]. - **Demand Side**: The overall supply of polyester fluctuated slightly this week, and the operating load and order days of the weaving industry in Jiangsu and Zhejiang decreased [73]. - **Inventory**: PTA supply is expected to increase, and the near - term supply - demand remains tight, while the long - term inventory accumulation expectation is strong. The MEG inventory at the main East China ports decreased compared with September 15 but increased compared with September 11 [73].

核心观点 理性投资，风险自担 基本面：上周美国通胀数据陆续出炉，PPI环比转负、CPI环比略高于预期，生产端的通胀压力有所缓解，消费端价格上涨主要受汽 车、服装及住房成本推动。就业数据方面，美国当周初领失业救济人数创近四年来高位，进一步印证劳动力市场显著降温。市场加大 美联储降息押注，年内有望降息三次，贵金属延续涨势，COMEX黄金期货突破3700美元/盎司创历史新高，COMEX白银期货突破43美元/ 盎司，创2011年以来新高。本周重点关注美联储9月议息会议，在通胀温和上涨、就业疲软的情况下，预计9月降息即将落地。 资金面：上周C O M E X黄金库存回落、COMEX白银库存有所增加；黄金和白银ETF资金流入有所放缓；上周对冲基金多头 增持黄金白银。总体来看，上周对冲基金多头提高贵金属的增持力度。 策略：特朗普关税案和美联储人事变动等地缘政治因素持续扰动市场，若特朗普关税被裁定非法，美国将面临巨额退 税，进一步推升财政压力；美联储主席候选人搜寻工作仍在继续，未来美联储领导层将面临重大调整，预计通胀将逐 步显现关税影响，需警惕通胀意外上行的风险，下半年降息路径仍存在不确定性，叠加俄乌冲突持续，央行与投资者 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - OPEC+ has confirmed the second - round of production increase, and the EIA weekly data shows a signal of peaking demand. The pressure of crude oil surplus will further increase in the fourth quarter. Although OPEC+ has not clearly defined the production increase route, any rise in oil prices will boost OPEC+'s enthusiasm for production increase, which will always suppress the upside of oil prices. The medium - to - long - term strategy of shorting on rallies remains unchanged. In the short term, investors should seize the rebound and building - position opportunities brought about by the volatile geopolitical situation and interest - rate cut expectations [5]. Summary According to the Table of Contents 1. International Crude Oil Analysis - **Crude Oil Price Trends**: From September 8 - 12, international oil prices fluctuated widely. Although OPEC+ announced continued production increase, the deadlock in the tri - party negotiation between the US, Russia, and Ukraine and the threat of new sanctions on Russia by Europe and the US almost offset the short - term bearish sentiment caused by the supply surplus. As of September 12, the settlement prices of WTI and Brent were $62.72/barrel (-1.87%) and $66.65/barrel (-1.22%) respectively; the settlement price of INE SC was 482.72 yuan/barrel (-0.72%) [8]. - **Financial Aspects**: The US CPI in August exceeded expectations, but the number of initial jobless claims jumped to the highest level in nearly four years. The market still anticipates consecutive interest - rate cuts this year. As of September 12, the S&P 500 index continued to rebound since mid - April and reached a new high; the VIX volatility dropped significantly compared to when the tariff policy was first implemented and remained at a low level [11]. - **Crude Oil Volatility and US Dollar Index**: The volatility of crude oil ETF declined this week, and the US dollar index fluctuated. As of September 12, the crude oil volatility ETF was 31.77, and the US dollar index was 97.6178. The market's expectation of interest - rate cuts continued to rise due to weak employment data and higher - than - expected CPI data, causing the US dollar index to continue to decline [13]. - **Net Long Positions of Crude Oil Funds**: As of September 9, the net long positions of WTI managed funds decreased by 17,300 contracts week - on - week to 10,000 contracts, a weekly decline of 63.4%; the speculative net long positions decreased by 3,300 contracts to 71,800 contracts, a weekly decline of 4.3%. OPEC+ announced continued production increase, high - frequency data indicated the arrival of the off - season, and the unexpected inventory build - up of crude oil further weakened the bullish support, leading to insufficient confidence in going long [16]. 2. Crude Oil Supply - Side Analysis - **OPEC Overall Production**: In August, OPEC's crude oil production increased by 478,000 barrels per day to 27.948 million barrels per day. Most countries have started to increase production, with Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Iraq leading the pace. However, the production of the eight core OPEC+ countries that agreed to increase production was still 154,000 barrels per day lower than the plan in August, mainly because some countries were fulfilling their submitted compensatory production - cut plans [21]. - **OPEC+ Production - Cut Situation**: According to the IEA's statistical criteria, the production of nine OPEC member countries in August was 23.28 million barrels per day, a month - on - month increase of 190,000 barrels per day. The UAE, Iraq, Kuwait, and Kazakhstan still had significant over - production, but the overall over - production of the nine countries decreased compared to the previous month. Seven countries updated their compensatory production - cut plans, and the concentrated production - cut will be extended to the first half of next year [25]. - **Crude Oil Production of Saudi Arabia and Iran**: Saudi Arabia's production continued to rise. In August, its crude oil production increased by 259,000 barrels per day to 9.709 million barrels per day. Iran's production continued to decline. In August, its crude oil production decreased by 27,000 barrels per day to 3.218 million barrels per day. Sanctions and the Israel - Iran war have affected Iran's oil production [27]. - **Crude Oil Supply in Russia**: According to OPEC's statistical criteria, Russia's crude oil production in August was 9.173 million barrels per day, a month - on - month increase of 53,000 barrels per day; according to the IEA's statistical criteria, it was 9.28 million barrels per day, a month - on - month increase of 80,000 barrels per day. Production is gradually recovering under the production - increase plan but remains at a relatively low level [37]. - **US Crude Oil Rig Count**: As of the week of September 12, the number of active oil - drilling rigs in the US was 416, an increase of 2 from the previous week and a decrease of 72 year - on - year. The improvement in drilling and well efficiency allows producers to maintain record - high production while controlling capital expenditure. The rig count in the Permian Basin has decreased significantly, which may limit the upside potential of crude oil production [41]. - **US Crude Oil Production**: As of the week of September 5, US crude oil production rebounded marginally to 13.495 million barrels per day, an increase of 72,000 barrels per day from the previous week and a year - on - year increase of 1.47%. Although low oil prices in the first half of the year dampened producers' enthusiasm and limited the upside potential of US oil production in the second half of the year, relatively healthy oil prices during the peak season in the third quarter and high well - production efficiency will prevent a sharp decline in production [44]. 3. Crude Oil Demand - Side Analysis - **Total US Petroleum Product Demand**: There are signs of a decline in US petroleum product demand. Both the single - week and four - week average demand for refined products have decreased. As of the week of September 5, the four - week average total demand for petroleum products was 20.888 million barrels per day, a week - on - week decrease of 394,000 barrels per day but a year - on - year increase of 1.97% [48]. - **US Crude Oil, Gasoline, and Distillate Data**: In the week of September 5, US crude oil production increased by 72,000 barrels per day to 13.495 million barrels per day; consumption decreased by 394,000 barrels per day to 20.888 million barrels per day; refinery throughput decreased by 51,000 barrels per day to 16.818 million barrels per day; the refinery utilization rate increased by 0.6% to 94.9%; net imports increased by 668,000 barrels per day to 3.526 million barrels per day [52]. - **US Gasoline, Diesel, and Kerosene Four - Week Average Consumption**: The demand for refined products has seasonally declined. As of September 5, the four - week average demand for gasoline decreased by 123,000 barrels per day to 8.927 million barrels per day, a year - on - year decrease of 0.58%; the average demand for distillates decreased by 81,000 barrels per day to 3.813 million barrels per day, a year - on - year increase of 2.01%; the average consumption of kerosene decreased by 18,000 barrels per day to 1.772 million barrels per day, a year - on - year increase of 4.91% [54]. - **US Gasoline and Heating Oil Crack Spreads**: This week, the US gasoline crack spread and heating oil crack spread fluctuated. As of September 12, the gasoline crack spread was $20.7/barrel, and the heating oil crack spread was $33.49/barrel. The crude oil side is relatively strong due to geopolitical uncertainties, while the gasoline demand has peaked, causing the crack spread to decline seasonally. The heating oil demand is in a seasonal upward trend [57]. - **European Diesel and Heating Oil Crack Spreads**: As of September 12, the ICE diesel crack spread was $27.28/barrel, and the heating oil crack spread was $29.19/barrel. After weeks of diesel inventory build - up, the support for refined products weakened, causing the crack spreads to decline. Recently, the distillate demand has entered a seasonal upward channel, and the crack spreads have recovered [61]. - **Chinese Oil Products and Refinery Situation**: China's crude oil demand is in the peak season. In August, China's crude oil processing volume increased by 4.391 million tons year - on - year to 63.46 million tons (+7.43%); in July, imports increased by 392,000 tons year - on - year to 49.492 million tons (+0.8%). Due to the escalation of the Middle East situation, China's imports of oil from the Gulf region have surged, and Russia's oil supply has also rebounded significantly [65]. - **Institutional Forecasts of Demand Growth**: Three major international institutions have become more optimistic about this year's demand growth. In August, EIA, IEA, and OPEC predicted that the global crude oil demand growth rate this year would be 900,000 barrels per day (↑), 740,000 barrels per day (↑), and 1.3 million barrels per day (-) respectively, and 1.28 million barrels per day, 700,000 barrels per day, and 1.4 million barrels per day next year [69]. 4. Crude Oil Inventory - Side Analysis - **US Crude Oil Inventory**: US commercial crude oil inventories have rebounded to within the five - year range. As of September 5, EIA commercial crude oil inventories increased by 3.939 million barrels from the previous week to 424.65 million barrels, a year - on - year increase of 1.31%; SPR inventories increased by 514,000 barrels to 405.22 million barrels; Cushing crude oil inventories decreased by 365,000 barrels to 23.857 million barrels [70]. - **Inventory Changes**: As of the week of September 5, US crude oil net imports increased by 668,000 barrels per day to 3.526 million barrels per day. US refinery throughput decreased by 51,000 barrels per day to 16.818 million barrels per day, and the refinery utilization rate increased by 0.6% to 94.9% [74]. - **WTI Monthly Spread**: The WTI monthly spread remains in a backwardation structure. As of September 12, the WTI M1 - M2 monthly spread was $0.27/barrel, and the M1 - M5 monthly spread was $0.7/barrel. The monthly spread indicator continues to weaken. With the peak of US refined product demand and OPEC+'s accelerated production increase in the near term, the monthly spread may continue to decline [77]. - **Brent Monthly Spread**: The Brent monthly spread also remains in a backwardation structure. As of September 12, the Brent M1 - M2 monthly spread was $0.45/barrel, and the M1 - M5 monthly spread was $1.15/barrel. The Brent monthly spread is stronger than the WTI monthly spread due to the expected tight supply in Europe caused by sanctions on Russian crude oil [80]. 5. Crude Oil Supply - Demand Balance Difference - **Global Oil Supply - Demand Balance Sheet**: In August, the EIA predicted that the global oil supply would be 105.36 million barrels per day this year, and the demand would be 103.72 million barrels per day, resulting in a daily surplus of 1.64 million barrels, which is an increase compared to the previous month. Although the EIA has raised the demand forecast, the early end of OPEC+'s voluntary production - cut plan of 2.2 million barrels per day will lead to greater supply pressure this year [84]. - **Term Structure**: This week, the US fundamental data shows that the peak - season demand has peaked, and the term structure has continued to flatten compared to last week. Brent can support a stronger contango structure due to the strong diesel demand and good crack profits. Currently, international oil products can maintain the contango term structure, but as the peak - season demand weakens, if OPEC continues to accelerate production increase in the near term, the term structure may change [87].

Report Title - Steel and Ore Weekly Report (September 15, 2025): Slow Recovery in Peak - Season Demand, Weak Performance in the Black Market [1] Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content Core Viewpoints of the Report - For steel products, last week, the supply - demand structure continued to weaken, with the peak - season characteristics not obvious. The market was disturbed by policy expectations, and attention should be paid to the demand recovery speed. For iron ore, the supply tightened last week, while the demand rebounded significantly, and the supply - demand structure improved notably. In the short term, the market may still trade on steel mills' resumption of production and replenishment, and the ore price may maintain a current oscillating and strengthening trend compared with steel products [5] Summary by Relevant Catalogs Steel Products 1.1 Price - The spot price of steel decreased slightly, and the futures price fluctuated weakly. The price of rebar 01 contract dropped by 16 to 3127, and the spot price in East China decreased by 20 to 3220 yuan/ton [5][15] 1.2 Supply - Blast furnace production increased significantly, while electric furnace production continued to decline. The utilization rate of blast furnace production capacity and daily iron - water output increased. The average capacity utilization rate of 90 independent electric - arc furnace steel mills decreased by 0.48 percentage points. Rebar production decreased by 6.75 tons, and hot - rolled coil production increased by 10.9 tons [5][18][26] 1.3 Demand - The recovery of building material demand in the peak season was slow, and the domestic demand pressure for plates remained. From September 3rd to 9th, the national cement delivery volume increased by 3.16% week - on - week but decreased by 16.44% year - on - year. The domestic demand for plates was still weak due to factors such as the contraction of manufacturing orders [30][32][35] 1.4 Profit - Blast furnace profits narrowed significantly, and electric furnace losses widened. The steel mill profitability rate decreased by 2.60 percentage points week - on - week. The average profit of 76 independent electric - arc furnace building material steel mills was - 151 yuan/ton [36][39] 1.5 Inventory - The accumulation speed of building material social inventory slowed down, and plate inventory decreased slightly. Rebar total social inventory increased by 18.6 tons to 487.2 tons, and hot - rolled coil sample total inventory decreased by 1 ton to 373.3 tons [41][44][47] 1.6 Basis - The basis narrowed, and the basis between futures and spot was expected to widen. The rebar basis dropped by 34 to 83, and the hot - rolled coil basis dropped by 14 to 46 [48][50] 1.7 Inter - delivery Spread - The far - month premium continued, and the inverted situation was difficult to reverse. The 1 - 5 spread of rebar deepened to - 62, and the 1 - 5 spread of hot - rolled coil was - 4 [52][54] 1.8 Inter - product Spread - The spread between hot - rolled coil and rebar on the futures market widened significantly and was expected to remain at a high level. The spread between hot - rolled coil and rebar on the futures market widened by 40 to 237, and the spot spread increased by 60 to 200 [55][57] Iron Ore 2.1 Price - The futures price of iron ore oscillated, and the spot price increased slightly. The 01 contract of iron ore increased by 10 to 799.5, and the spot price of PB fines at Rizhao Port increased by 10 to 793 yuan/ton [60][62] 2.2 Supply - Global shipments decreased month - on - month, and the overall supply tightened. The weekly average shipment of Australia was 1822.4 tons, and that of Brazil was 507.2 tons. The arrival of resources decreased month - on - month, and the short - term supply tightened [63][65][69] 2.3 Demand - Rigid demand: The iron - water output increased significantly, and the demand for iron ore recovered month - on - month. The daily average iron - water output of 247 sample steel mills was 240.55 tons, an increase of 11.71 tons week - on - week. Speculative demand: The port trading volume increased significantly, with the daily average trading volume of iron ore at major Chinese ports increasing by 11.9 tons [72][74][78] 2.4 Inventory - Port inventory increased slightly, mainly due to the previous loose supply. As of September 12th, the total inventory of 47 ports was 14456.12 tons, an increase of 30 tons month - on - month. Steel mill inventory increased slightly, and downstream actively replenished inventory for the resumption of production [79][81][84] 2.5 Shipping - Shipping prices increased slightly. The shipping price from Australia to Qingdao increased by 0.295 dollars to 10.295 dollars, and that from Brazil to Qingdao increased by 0.14 dollars to 23.71 dollars [85][87] 2.6 Spread - The 1 - 5 spread of iron ore decreased slightly, and the 01 contract discount widened slightly. The 1 - 5 spread was 22, a decrease of 2.5 month - on - month [88][89] Strategy Recommendations - For steel products, take a wait - and - see approach for single - side trading and consider the opportunity to short the ratio of rebar to iron ore. For iron ore, aggressive investors can consider short - term long positions on pullbacks. For arbitrage, consider shorting rebar and going long on iron ore. For spot - futures trading, industrial customers are advised to hold spot and establish a small number of short positions on the futures market when the price rebounds, and form a positive arbitrage position [5][9]

Report Summary 1. Investment Rating The document does not mention the industry investment rating. 2. Core Views - The fundamentals of coking coal and coke are weak, but the upward movement is still restricted. Although there are speculative factors such as anti - involution, the weak demand in the spot market and the increase in supply after the parade continue to limit the upward movement of the market. It is recommended to maintain a strategy of buying coking coal on dips [4]. - As of Friday's close, the coke 01 contract rose 0.56% to 1625.5, and the coking coal 01 contract rose 1.51% to 1144.5 [4][9]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Coke Weekly Market Tracking - **Price**: The futures price first fell and then rose last week, and there are opportunities to buy on dips. The first - round reduction of spot prices has been implemented, and the second - round reduction has begun. The trucking freight has increased slightly. For example, the price of Shanxi Jiexiu quasi - first - grade coke ex - factory price dropped from 1380 yuan/ton to 1330 yuan/ton [7][10][18]. - **Supply**: Most of the previously shut - down or restricted coking plants have resumed production, and coke supply has increased. As of September 12, the capacity utilization rate of all independent coking enterprises was 75.92%, a week - on - week increase of 2.78 percentage points, and the daily average coke output was 66.76 tons, a week - on - week increase of 2.44 tons [27][29]. - **Demand**: Hot metal production has increased significantly, and the rigid demand for raw materials is still supported. However, after the parade, logistics has improved, steel mills' arrivals have increased, and some steel mills are controlling arrivals. Speculative sentiment is average, export profit has changed little, and the daily trading volume of building materials is lower than the same period in previous years [35][39][41]. - **Inventory**: Inventories have increased across all sectors, and the total inventory has risen. As of September 12, the total coke inventory increased by 10.96 tons week - on - week to 906.24 tons [42][44]. - **Profit**: The profitability of coking enterprises has been compressed, and the coke futures profit has fluctuated. The average profit per ton of 30 independent coking enterprises was 35 yuan/ton, a week - on - week decrease of 29 yuan [55][57]. - **Valuation**: The premium of coke 01 has expanded, and the 1 - 5 spread has continued to weaken. The basis of coke 01 decreased by 11.3 to - 95.88 week - on - week, and the 1 - 5 spread decreased by 28 to - 137 [59][61]. 3.2 Coking Coal Weekly Market Tracking - **Price**: The futures price first fell and then rose last week, and there are opportunities to buy on dips. The spot prices have shown mixed trends. For example, the CFR price of Peak Downs hard coking coal from Australia increased by 4.6 dollars/ton to 202.05 dollars/ton [64][67]. - **Supply**: The supply from production areas has increased, the output of coal washing plants has slightly increased, the number of customs - cleared vehicles at the Mongolian border has remained high, but the cumulative import of coking coal from January to July 2025 has decreased year - on - year. As of September 12, the capacity utilization rate of 314 sample coal washing plants was 35.42%, a week - on - week decrease of 0.16 percentage points, and the daily average output of clean coal was 25.61 tons, a week - on - week increase of 0.37 tons [70][75][78]. - **Inventory**: Inventories have decreased across all sectors, and the total inventory has declined. As of September 12, the total coking coal inventory decreased by 62.03 tons week - on - week to 2483.50 tons [79][81]. - **Valuation**: The coking coal 01 is basically at par, and the 1 - 5 spread has weakened. The basis of coking coal 01 increased by 14 to - 13.5 week - on - week, and the 1 - 5 spread decreased by 9 to - 81 [105][107].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - PTA is expected to continue its weak oscillatory pattern in the short - term. Although the cost side provides some support and there is a mild recovery during the "Golden September and Silver October" season, with an expected increase in domestic supply, the balance sheet may shift from destocking to stockpiling. Also, the processing fee is at a low level [6]. - MEG is expected to operate weakly in the short - term. It is in a destocking cycle, but the total supply is expected to increase due to new device commissioning, and the demand side shows a slow increase in polyester load. Attention should be paid to the lower support level [6]. 3. Summary According to the Table of Contents 3.1 Upstream Industry Chain Analysis - **Market Review**: Geopolitical instability supports oil prices, but OPEC+ may increase production in October, and demand has a seasonal decline. Thus, international oil prices are expected to face pressure next week. PX supply - demand is weak due to the previous unexpected shutdown of downstream PTA devices. As of September 12, the Asian PX closing price was $831.33 per ton CFR China, up $1.33 per ton from September 5 [16]. - **PX Capacity Utilization**: There was no device change this week, and production was stable. The domestic PX weekly average capacity utilization was 84.63%, with a 0% week - on - week change. The Asian PX weekly average capacity utilization was 74.71%, up 0.27% week - on - week [19]. - **PX - Naphtha Price Spread**: As of September 12, the PX - naphtha price spread was $232.8 per ton, down $0.92 per ton from September 5. With the increase in downstream PTA operating rate, PX is entering a destocking phase, and the PX - naphtha price spread is expected to rebound [22]. 3.2 PTA Fundamental Analysis - **Market Review**: With the restart of previously overhauled PTA devices and mediocre terminal orders during the traditional peak season, the PTA balance sheet is still destocking. However, due to overall poor commodity performance and concerns about future supply increases, PTA oscillated narrowly this week. As of September 12, the PTA spot price was 4,565 yuan per ton, and the spot basis was 2601 - 79 [25]. - **Capacity Utilization**: The weekly average PTA capacity utilization reached 74.95%, up 4.30% week - on - week and down 6.33% year - on - year. The restart of previously overhauled devices led to an increase in capacity utilization. In September, with the planned and expected restart of multiple devices, the domestic PTA device capacity utilization is expected to reach around 78% [28]. - **Processing Fee**: The PTA processing fee has weakened again due to increased domestic supply and slow terminal recovery. However, with a low valuation, the further downward space is limited, and it is expected to continue its weak pattern in the short - term [30]. - **Supply - Demand in September**: In September, with insufficient PTA device overhauls and the restart of overhauled devices, and little change in demand, PTA supply - demand is expected to shift from destocking to a loose balance [33]. 3.3 MEG Fundamental Analysis - **Market Trend**: The supply - demand structure of ethylene glycol has no obvious change, and the main port inventory has reached a new low this year. However, due to new capacity commissioning and high domestic operating rates, the price decline has widened, once breaking through the 4,400 - yuan integer mark. As of September 12, the closing price of ethylene glycol in Zhangjiagang was 4,378 yuan per ton, and the delivered price in the South China market was 4,460 yuan per ton [38]. - **Domestic Production**: The total ethylene glycol capacity utilization was 66.55%, down 0.90% week - on - week. The integrated device capacity utilization was 66.92%, up 0.09% week - on - week, and the coal - based ethylene glycol capacity utilization was 65.96%, down 2.47% week - on - week. In September, with the restart of some domestic existing devices and the end of the overhaul season, the overall ethylene glycol production is expected to continue to rise [42]. - **Port Inventory**: As of September 18, 2025, the total expected arrival volume of ethylene glycol in East China was 11.28 tons. As of September 11, the total port inventory of MEG in the East China main port area was 36.32 tons, down 2.36 tons from September 8 and 1.31 tons from September 4 [43]. - **Processing Profit**: With the ethylene glycol main port inventory remaining at a low level, but new device commissioning and a pessimistic supply outlook, the ethylene glycol price declined this week. With raw material prices showing different trends, the sample profits of each ethylene glycol process showed both increases and decreases. As of September 12, the profit of naphtha - based ethylene glycol was - $102.41 per ton, down $3.99 per ton from last week, and the profit of coal - based ethylene glycol was - 53.39 yuan per ton, up 3.31 yuan per ton from last week [48]. 3.4 Downstream Demand Analysis of the Industry Chain - **Polyester Production**: The weekly average polyester capacity utilization was 87.9%, up 0.56% week - on - week. There is no clear expected change in polyester device supply next week, and domestic polyester production is expected to remain stable [51]. - **Capacity Utilization Expectation**: In August, the polyester operating rate fluctuated narrowly. In September, due to the expectation of the traditional peak season, the planned restart of some previously reduced - production and overhauled devices, and the expected commissioning of multiple new devices, the monthly polyester load is expected to increase [54]. - **Capacity Utilization of Polyester Filament**: This week, the weekly average capacity utilization of polyester filament was 91.43%, up 0.15% from the previous period. The average capacity utilization of polyester staple fiber was stable at 86.82%, up 0.37% week - on - week. The capacity utilization of fiber - grade polyester chips was 81.99%, up 1.57% week - on - week [57]. - **Product Inventory**: Downstream procurement is cautious, and the overall sales level is average. The finished product inventory of polyester filament factories has slightly accumulated this week [60]. - **Cash Flow of Polyester Products**: With the decrease in polymerization cost, the transaction center of polyester products has also decreased, but the decline is smaller than that of raw materials, resulting in a partial repair of cash flow [62]. - **Weaving Load**: As of September 11, the comprehensive operating rate of chemical fiber weaving in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions was 62.42%, the same as the previous data. The average terminal weaving order days were 14.55 days, an increase of 0.66 days from last week. Order recovery is less than expected, and the weaving load is expected to remain stable [67]. 3.5 Summary of Polyester Industry Chain Fundamentals - **Cost Side**: Geopolitical instability supports oil prices, but OPEC+ may increase production in October, and demand has a seasonal decline. International oil prices are expected to face pressure next week. PX supply - demand is weak due to the previous unexpected shutdown of downstream PTA devices [68]. - **Supply Side**: PTA capacity utilization has increased this week. MEG total capacity utilization has decreased slightly, with a slight increase in integrated device capacity utilization and a decrease in coal - based capacity utilization [68]. - **Demand Side**: Polyester capacity utilization has increased, and the chemical fiber weaving operating rate in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions has remained the same. Order recovery is less than expected, and the overall market is in a wait - and - see state [68]. - **Inventory**: PTA has a strong expectation of future supply - demand stockpiling. MEG port inventory in the East China main port area has decreased [68].

Report Investment Rating - No investment rating information is provided in the report. Core Viewpoints - Due to the continuous de - stocking of port inventory, stable high external quotations, the entry of the downstream white cardboard market into the traditional peak season, and a slight improvement in overall demand, but with low profits for base paper and limited rebound of the futures market due to the sentiment of the chemical sector, it is expected that the price of the pulp 2511 contract will oscillate and rebound in the range of 4950 - 5210 this week [4]. Summary by Directory 1. Pulp Price Analysis - **Spot Pulp Price Review** - Last week, the spot market price of pulp decreased slightly. In Shandong, the price of coniferous pulp Silver Star dropped to 5650 yuan/ton, a week - on - week decrease of 70 yuan/ton (-1.22%); the price of broad - leaf pulp Goldfish dropped to 4180 yuan/ton, a week - on - week decrease of 20 yuan/ton (-0.48%). The prices of chemical mechanical pulp, natural color pulp, and non - wood pulp remained flat [10][14]. - **Pulp Futures Review** - Last week, the main pulp futures contract SP2511 oscillated and declined in a 200 - point range, closing at 4990 yuan/ton, a week - on - week decrease of 72 yuan/ton (-1.42%). The weighted trading volume was 1.72 million lots, an increase of 345,000 lots, and the weighted open interest was 366,000 lots, an increase of 21,100 lots [16]. - **Pulp Futures - Spot Basis Comparison** - The basis discount of coniferous wood pulp to the futures contract widened by 2 yuan/ton to 660 yuan/ton compared with last week [20]. - **Log Futures Review** - The main log futures contract 2511 oscillated in a range last week, closing at 798.0 yuan/cubic meter, a week - on - week decrease of 2.0 yuan/cubic meter (-0.25%). The weighted trading volume was 42,300 lots, a decrease of 21,000 lots, and the weighted open interest was 22,100 lots, a decrease of 200 lots [21]. 2. Pulp Supply - side Analysis - **Weekly Pulp Production** - Last week, pulp production was 481,000 tons, a week - on - week decrease of 6,000 tons (-1.23%). It is expected that the production of domestic broad - leaf pulp and chemical mechanical pulp this week will be about 207,000 tons and 210,000 tons respectively [23]. - **Capacity Utilization of Broad - leaf and Chemical Mechanical Pulp** - Last week, the capacity utilization rate of domestic broad - leaf pulp was 76.4%, a week - on - week decrease of 1.7%; that of chemical mechanical pulp was 81.3%, a week - on - week decrease of 1.7%. It is expected that the capacity utilization rate will remain stable next week [26]. - **Monthly Pulp Production** - In August 2025, domestic pulp production was 2.127 million tons, a month - on - month increase of 3,000 tons (0.14%); wood pulp production was 1.816 million tons, a month - on - month increase of 3,000 tons (0.17%); non - wood pulp production remained flat [28]. - **Monthly Capacity Utilization of Chemical Mechanical and Broad - leaf Pulp** - In August 2025, the production of domestic chemical mechanical pulp was 892,000 tons, a month - on - month decrease of 4,000 tons (-0.45%), and the capacity utilization rate was 81.1%, a month - on - month decrease of 3.1%. The production of broad - leaf pulp was 924,000 tons, a month - on - month increase of 7,000 tons (0.76%), and the capacity utilization rate was 80.9%, a month - on - month decrease of 2.1% [33]. - **Monthly Production Profits of Broad - leaf and Chemical Mechanical Pulp** - In August 2025, the production profit of broad - leaf pulp was 526 yuan/ton, a month - on - month increase of 13.3 yuan/ton (2.59%); the production loss of chemical mechanical pulp decreased by 3.3 yuan/ton to - 304.6 yuan/ton [37]. - **Pulp Imports** - In August 2025, pulp imports were 2.6529 million tons, a month - on - month decrease of 223,800 tons (-7.78%) and a year - on - year decrease of 154,500 tons (-5.5%). From January to August 2025, the cumulative imports were 24.1083 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 1.14 million tons (5%) [38]. 3. Pulp Demand - side Analysis - **Downstream Capacity Utilization** - **Living Paper**: Last week, the production of domestic living paper was 280,800 tons, a week - on - week decrease of 700 tons (-0.25%), and the capacity utilization rate was 63.55%, a week - on - week decrease of 0.15%. It is expected that the production this week will be about 279,000 tons [40]. - **Offset Paper**: Last week, the production of offset paper was 205,000 tons, a week - on - week increase of 10,000 tons (5.13%), and the capacity utilization rate was 55.7%, a week - on - week increase of 2.8%. It is expected that the production this week will remain at about 205,000 tons [44]. - **Coated Paper**: Last week, the production of coated paper was 78,000 tons, remaining flat. The capacity utilization rate was 57.6%, a week - on - week decrease of 0.3%. It is expected that the production this week will be about 82,000 tons [47]. - **White Cardboard**: Last week, the production of white cardboard was 340,000 tons, a week - on - week increase of 2,000 tons (0.59%), and the capacity utilization rate was 78.34%, a week - on - week increase of 0.46%. It is expected that the production this week will be about 350,000 tons [50]. - **Downstream Base Paper Gross Profit** - **Living Paper and White Cardboard**: Last week, the gross profit of living paper was 191 yuan/ton, a week - on - week decrease of 4 yuan/ton (-2.05%), and the gross profit of social white cardboard decreased by 48% [53]. - **Offset Paper and Coated Paper**: Last week, the average cost of offset paper decreased by 4.3 yuan/ton to 4,889.1 yuan/ton, and the loss decreased by 6 yuan/ton to - 38 yuan/ton. The average cost of coated paper decreased by 3.9 yuan/ton to 4,787 yuan/ton, and the gross profit decreased by 82 yuan/ton to 388 yuan/ton [56]. - **Domestic Pulp Consumption** - In August 2025, the actual consumption of pulp was 3.402 million tons, a month - on - month increase of 81,000 tons (2.44%) and a year - on - year increase of 99,000 tons (3.03%) [57]. - **Downstream Base Paper Spot Price Analysis** - **Living Paper**: The prices of wood pulp, bamboo pulp, and sugarcane pulp base paper in Shandong, Sichuan, and Guangxi remained stable or increased slightly last week [60]. - **Cultural Paper**: The prices of offset paper and coated paper in Shandong decreased last week [60]. - **White Board Paper and White Cardboard**: The prices of white board paper in Shandong and Tianjin remained stable, and most white cardboard prices in Jiangsu remained stable, with one variety decreasing by 2.15% [64]. 4. Pulp Inventory - side Analysis - **Pulp Port Inventory** - Currently, the overall port inventory is de - stocking. The total inventory of major ports is 2.062 million tons, a week - on - week decrease of 4,000 tons (-0.19%). Qingdao Port's inventory increased by 3,000 tons (0.21%) to 1.418 million tons. Changshu Port's inventory decreased by 18,000 tons (3.73%) to 464,000 tons, and Tianjin Port's inventory increased by 8,000 tons (13.33%) to 68,000 tons [67][70]. - **Futures Pulp Warehouse Receipts** - Currently, the pulp futures warehouse receipts are 234,300 tons, a week - on - week decrease of 1,665 tons (-0.71%). The total warehouse receipts in Shandong decreased by 759 tons (-0.35%) to 218,400 tons [71].