Macroeconomic and Policy Environment - The Federal Reserve faces challenges in balancing employment and inflation due to the contradiction between economic resilience and a gradual decline in employment, leading to ambiguity in future interest rate cuts [2][3] - The Eurozone shows signs of improvement in economic indicators following multiple interest rate cuts by the European Central Bank, with low policy rates and stable inflation supporting domestic demand [3] Domestic Economic Conditions - Domestic demand has weakened in the second half of the year, influenced by diminishing policy effects, extreme weather, and high base effects, while external demand has exceeded expectations [3] - Infrastructure investment is expected to provide more certainty for domestic demand in Q4, with policies aimed at promoting consumption, stabilizing real estate, and expanding investment requiring time for validation [3][4] Domestic Policy Environment - The central bank has expressed a commitment to implementing detailed monetary policy, with current macro and micro liquidity remaining relatively ample [4] - Fiscal policy is under pressure due to the pre-issuance of government bonds, but there are indications of available fiscal resources for smooth transitions into the next year [4] Industry Developments - The National Organization for Drug Procurement has released the 11th batch of centralized procurement documents, indicating a shift towards using anchor prices rather than simply selecting the lowest bid, reflecting a trend against excessive competition in the pharmaceutical industry [8][9] - Recent approvals and clinical trials in the pharmaceutical sector include the launch of a subcutaneous formulation of Pembrolizumab and the initiation of Phase III trials for a new drug by Zai Lab [8][9] Market Performance - The Shanghai Composite Index rose by 0.56% and the Shenzhen Component Index increased by 2.83%, while the pharmaceutical and biological sector saw a decline of 1.68% during the week of September 19-25, 2025 [9] - The price-to-earnings ratio for the pharmaceutical and biological industry was reported at 31.13 times, with a valuation premium of 146% relative to the CSI 300 index [9] Investment Strategy - The upcoming IPOs in the pharmaceutical sector, including the successful listing of Jinfang Pharmaceutical, indicate an opening window for new listings [9] - Investment strategies should focus on opportunities arising from interest rate cuts, innovation in drug development, and the benefits of optimized procurement rules in the pharmaceutical and medical device sectors [9]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Positive" [4][61] - The specific company rating for 恒瑞医药 is "Buy" [4][61] Core Insights - The report highlights the release of the 11th batch of centralized procurement announcements, indicating ongoing optimization of procurement rules [4][12] - It emphasizes the trend of reducing internal competition within the pharmaceutical industry, as the new procurement rules will use anchor prices rather than simply selecting the lowest bid [4][60] - The report suggests focusing on investment opportunities in innovative drugs and related industries, particularly in light of upcoming academic conferences showcasing Chinese pharmaceutical companies' R&D progress [4][60] Industry News - The National Organization for Drug Procurement announced the 11th batch of centralized procurement, with procurement agreements to be signed annually based on actual usage and supply conditions [12] - The report mentions that Zejing Pharmaceutical's CD3/DLL3 tri-antibody has entered Phase III clinical trials [13] - The approval of the subcutaneous formulation of Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) by Merck is noted, which offers a more convenient administration method [14] - Jinfang Pharmaceutical successfully listed in Hong Kong, raising approximately 1.44 billion HKD [15] Market Review - The Shanghai Composite Index rose by 0.56%, while the Shenzhen Component Index increased by 2.83%. However, the pharmaceutical and biological sector fell by 1.68% [47] - All sub-sectors within the pharmaceutical industry experienced declines, with the largest drop in the pharmaceutical commercial sector at -3.83% [47] Company Announcements - 恒瑞医药 signed a licensing agreement with Glenmark Specialty for the innovative drug SHR-A1811, with potential milestone payments reaching up to 1.093 billion USD [28] - 信达生物 received approval for the new indication of its drug for adult Type 2 diabetes patients [30] - 甘李药业 announced a significant contract with Brazilian partners, with a total expected value of no less than 3 billion RMB [31] - 百奥赛图's A-share issuance has been approved for listing on the Shanghai Stock Exchange's Sci-Tech Innovation Board [32]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Bonds remain a weak asset currently. At the end of September, first focus on changes in the funding situation and the equity market, and approach with a cautious mindset. Also, look ahead to the main - line switching process in the fourth quarter. In 2025, the bond market switched to a relatively clear main - line logic each quarter, and the main - line logic weakened at the end of each quarter. The trading main - line in the fourth quarter may switch to institutional behavior changes and interest - rate cut expectations successively, and the yield curve may show a pattern of steepening first and then flattening [17][18][19] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalog 3.1 Funds Price: Tightening of Quarter - End Funding - From September 19th to September 25th, the central bank made a net open - market injection of nearly 60 billion yuan. On September 22nd, it conducted 30 billion yuan of 14 - day reverse repurchase operations. During the statistical period, the overall funds price increased, with the DR007 rising to 1.6%, the R007 rising to 1.8%, and the 1 - year inter - bank certificate of deposit yield rising to 1.7%, the highest since early June [8] 3.2 Primary Market: Increase in Special Bond Issuance Scale - From September 19th to September 25th, 119 interest - rate bonds were issued in the primary market, with an actual issuance total of 708.6 billion yuan and a net financing amount of 77.2 billion yuan. On September 19th, 82 billion yuan of 30 - year special treasury bonds were re - issued at a price of 99.67 yuan, with an annual yield of 2.17%, higher than the secondary - market transaction price. The issuance scale of local special bonds increased seasonally at the end of the month. As of September 25th, 1.23 trillion yuan of ultra - long - term special treasury bonds had been issued in 2025, with about 70 billion yuan remaining to be issued; 3.66 trillion yuan of new local special bonds had been issued, with about 240 billion yuan remaining to be issued [10][11] 3.3 Secondary Market: Uptick in Yield Curve - From September 19th to September 25th, the treasury bond yield curve rose again, with increased intraday volatility. The main constraint on the bond market during this statistical period came from the news front. The market expected that the redemption fee adjustment for public bond funds was imminent, which led institutions to actively redeem bond funds. Additionally, the stock - bond seesaw effect still existed, and the relatively strong and volatile equity market also dampened bond market sentiment [12] 3.4 Market Outlook - **Fundamentals**: The bond market currently has low sensitivity to fundamentals. From an asset - allocation perspective, weak fundamentals imply a low return rate in the real economy. However, in the stage of low bond coupons and capital losses, bond - type assets also struggle to provide higher comprehensive returns, so the bond market's sensitivity to fundamentals has declined [17] - **Policy**: Incremental policies will mainly cover three directions. First, after the release of August economic data, market expectations for pro - growth policies have increased, with promoting consumption and expanding infrastructure likely to be key areas. The real - estate sector may also see partial relaxation. Second, the fund redemption fee adjustment plan will be officially implemented. Third, there is still a high expectation that the central bank will restart open - market bond purchases to maintain liquidity and stabilize the bond market, which may occur alongside the redemption fee adjustment to smooth out bond market fluctuations. Based on 2024 experience, the central bank mainly buys short - term bonds, so the yield curve is likely to steepen, and caution is needed for long - term bonds [17] - **Funds**: There is still pressure on the cross - quarter funding situation [18]

Macro and Strategy Research - External demand faces marginal decline pressure due to high base effects and demand front-loading from previous "export grabbing/transshipment effects," leading to uncertainty in the trade environment, making exports less effective as a fundamental support [2][3] - Domestic market shows a strong supply but weak demand characteristic, with fluctuations in consumption and investment data, indicating that the economic recovery foundation still needs further consolidation [2] - The overall liquidity in the domestic market is expected to remain abundant, despite the potential for short-term incremental measures being limited due to the emphasis on the implementation of existing policies [3] Capital Market Liquidity - In the fourth quarter, long-term funds represented by insurance are expected to continue flowing into the market, aided by the effectiveness of public fund reforms, which will help attract the migration of resident assets [3] - A-share market liquidity is anticipated to continue its incremental process, with foreign capital likely increasing its allocation to A-shares during the interest rate cut cycle [3] A-share Market Outlook - Market valuation repair is nearly complete, and under the policy guidance to "consolidate the capital market's recovery," liquidity is expected to maintain an incremental trend [3] - The core focus will shift to the flow of incremental funds, with performance factors remaining a crucial consideration for fund allocation, particularly in the technology sector, which is expected to lead structural market trends [3] Industry Opportunities - Investment opportunities in the TMT sector due to the promotion of "Artificial Intelligence+" initiatives and increased capital expenditure by domestic cloud vendors [4] - The power equipment industry presents investment opportunities driven by high overseas demand for energy storage and the ongoing industrialization of solid-state batteries [4] - The pharmaceutical and non-ferrous metals industries are highlighted for investment opportunities due to significant competitive advantages in domestic innovative drugs and the anticipated acceleration of the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts [4] - The service consumption sector is expected to see investment opportunities as the "14th Five-Year Plan" aims to further improve basic security systems [4]

晨会纪要（2025/09/25） 编辑人 崔健 022-28451618 SAC NO：S1150511010016 cuijian@bhzq.com 渤海证券研究所晨会纪要（2025.09.25） 金融工程研究 主要指数多数震荡调整，两融余额继续上升——融资融券周报 行业研究 钢铁稳增长方案发布，刚果（金）延长钴出口禁令——金属行业周报 人形机器人催化频出，继续关注产业落地进展——机械设备行业周报 证 券 研 究 报 告 晨 会 纪 要 请务必阅读正文之后的声明 渤海证券股份有限公司具备证券投资咨询业务资格 1 of 6 晨会纪要（2025/09/25） 上周（9 月 17 日-9 月 23 日）A 股市场主要指数多数震荡调整，其中科创 50 涨幅最大，上涨了 3.63%；上 证综指跌幅最大，下跌了 1.04%。此外，深证成指上涨 0.43%，创业板指上涨 0.89%，沪深 300 下跌 0.08%， 上证 50 下跌 0.96%，中证 500 下跌 0.14%。 9 月 23 日，沪深两市两融余额为 24,089.97 亿元，较上周增加 241.89 亿元。其中融资余额为 23,922.51 亿元， 较上 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" rating for the steel industry and a "Positive" rating for the non-ferrous metals industry, with "Accumulate" ratings for specific companies including Luoyang Molybdenum, Zhongjin Gold, Huayou Cobalt, Zijin Mining, and China Aluminum [8]. Core Insights - The steel industry is supported by pre-holiday inventory replenishment by downstream enterprises and the introduction of stable growth policies, which are expected to boost market confidence and potentially support steel prices if the fundamentals continue to improve [4][5]. - For copper, the impact of the Federal Reserve's monetary policy is becoming more pronounced, with expectations of a strong copper price if downstream demand continues to improve [4][46]. - Aluminum prices may also be supported by improving downstream demand and the anticipated easing of monetary policy by the Federal Reserve [4][52]. - Gold prices are expected to stabilize if the U.S. personal consumption expenditures (PCE) index shows signs of slowing down, with long-term attention on the Fed's interest rate path [4][59]. - The cobalt market is experiencing tight supply conditions due to an extended export ban from the Democratic Republic of Congo, which is likely to strengthen cobalt prices in the short term [4][20]. - The rare earth market is expected to see price fluctuations due to weak seasonal demand, with attention on international trade policies affecting exports [4][5]. Summary by Sections Steel Industry - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has issued a "Steel Industry Stable Growth Work Plan" targeting an average annual growth of 4% in value added for the steel industry over the next two years [22]. - The plan includes ten specific measures focusing on consumption peak, supply quality improvement, industry transformation, effective consumption expansion, and deepening open cooperation [22]. - Recent data indicates a slight increase in steel demand due to construction material consumption, while supply has decreased slightly, leading to a marginal improvement in the market [22][23]. Copper Industry - The copper market is showing signs of recovery in downstream demand, with increased operating rates in domestic copper rod enterprises [45][46]. - The supply side remains stable, and the copper price is expected to be supported if demand continues to improve [46][49]. Aluminum Industry - The aluminum sector is benefiting from improved downstream demand and stable production costs, with expectations of price support from the Fed's easing policies [52][53]. Precious Metals - The gold market is influenced by geopolitical tensions and U.S. economic indicators, with potential price support if inflation data shows signs of slowing [59][60]. Cobalt and Rare Earths - The cobalt market is facing supply constraints due to export restrictions from the DRC, while the rare earth market is experiencing price volatility amid weak demand [4][20].

投资策略 [Table_MainInfo] 流动性增量过程延续，关注政策及产业亮点 ——A 股市场 2025 年四季度投资策略报告 | 究 | 分析师： | 宋亦威 | | SAC NO： S1150514080001 年 9 月 | 日 | 2025 | 24 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | [Table_Analysis] 证券分析师 | | | [Table_Summary] | | | | | | | | | 投资要点： | | | | | | 宋亦威 | |  | 宏观方面，伴随基数的走高和前期"抢出口/转口效应"所带来的需求前置 | | | | | | 022-23861608 | | | 等影响，外需面临边际回落压力，贸易环境依然存在不确定、不稳定因 | | | | | | songyw@bhzq.com | | | | | | | | | | | | 素，令出口端难以成为基本面的有效支撑。内需方面，国内市场供强需 | | | | | | [Table_Author] 严佩佩 | | | 弱的特征仍在，在消费与投资 ...

Core Views - The report indicates that the yield rates of credit bonds have mostly risen, with the overall change ranging from -5 BP to 5 BP during the period from September 15 to September 21 [2] - The issuance scale of credit bonds has increased on a month-on-month basis, with corporate bonds maintaining zero issuance while other varieties saw an increase in issuance amounts [2] - The net financing amount of credit bonds has also increased, with corporate bonds and short-term financing bonds showing positive net financing, while company bonds, medium-term notes, and directional tools showed a decrease [2] Market Performance - The transaction amount of credit bonds in the secondary market has increased, with all varieties seeing a rise in transaction amounts [2] - The credit spreads have shown differentiation due to the varied performance of interest rate bonds, with short-term yields widening and long-term yields narrowing [2] - The report notes that the credit spreads for short-term bonds remain at historical lows, while long-term bonds have seen an increase in spreads, particularly for 5-year and 7-year AAA-rated bonds, which have reached around the 10% and 20% percentiles respectively, indicating high allocation value [2] Investment Strategy - The report suggests that despite the recent market fluctuations, the conditions for a comprehensive bear market in credit bonds are not sufficient, and yields are expected to enter a downward channel in the long term [2] - It recommends an active allocation strategy, particularly focusing on the trends in interest rate bonds and the coupon value of individual bonds [2] - The report emphasizes the importance of aligning investment strategies with market trends and adjusting trading strategies accordingly, while also monitoring the impact of growth-stabilizing policies on the bond market [2][3] Real Estate Market Insights - The report highlights that the central and local governments are actively optimizing real estate policies, which is expected to positively influence the stabilization of the real estate market [3] - It notes that the recovery of the real estate market will take time, and the sales recovery process will significantly impact bond valuations [3] - The focus for investment should be on high-quality central enterprises, state-owned enterprises, and well-guaranteed private enterprise bonds, with a potential for yield enhancement through longer durations [3] City Investment Bonds - The report states that the likelihood of default on city investment bonds is low under the current backdrop of stabilizing growth and preventing systemic risks [4] - It suggests that city investment bonds remain a key allocation target, although there may be valuation volatility risks during the transition of financing platforms [4] - Future opportunities may arise from the reform and transformation of "entity-type" financing platforms [4]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information provided regarding the industry investment rating in the documents. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - During the period from September 15 to September 21, the issuance guidance rates announced by the National Association of Financial Market Institutional Investors mostly increased, with an overall change range of -5 BP to 5 BP. The issuance scale of credit bonds increased month - on - month, while corporate bonds remained at zero issuance, and the issuance amounts of other varieties increased. The net financing of credit bonds increased month - on - month, with an increase in the net financing of corporate bonds and commercial paper, and a decrease in the net financing of corporate bonds, medium - term notes, and private placement notes. The trading volume of credit bonds in the secondary market increased month - on - month, and the yields of most credit bonds rose. Credit spreads showed a differentiated trend, with short - to - medium - term spreads narrowing and long - term spreads widening. [1][61] - On September 19, the Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Beijing Stock Exchanges issued a notice to optimize bond repurchase business. When the closing price of corporate bonds drops by 5% compared to the 20th trading day before, the repurchaser can repurchase bonds to stabilize market fluctuations. [2][64] - The central and local governments are actively optimizing real estate policies, which are playing a positive role in stabilizing the real estate market. For real estate bonds, investors with high - risk tolerance can consider early layout, focusing on high - quality bonds of central and state - owned enterprises and some high - quality private enterprises. [2][65][66] - Against the background of stable growth and prevention of systemic risks, the probability of urban investment bond defaults is low, and they can still be a key allocation variety. However, during the process of local financing platform clearance and transformation, some urban investment bonds may face valuation fluctuations. [3][66] 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 First - level Market Situation 3.1.1 Issuance and Maturity Scale - From September 15 to September 21, a total of 407 credit bonds were issued, with an issuance amount of 326.433 billion yuan, a month - on - month increase of 25.20%. The net financing of credit bonds was 88.638 billion yuan, an increase of 17.911 billion yuan month - on - month. [12] - Corporate bonds remained at zero issuance, with a net financing of - 4.241 billion yuan, an increase of 2.288 billion yuan month - on - month. The issuance amount of corporate bonds, medium - term notes, commercial paper, and private placement notes increased, but the net financing of corporate bonds, medium - term notes, and private placement notes decreased. [12] 3.1.2 Issuance Interest Rates - The issuance guidance rates announced by the National Association of Financial Market Institutional Investors mostly increased, with an overall change range of -5 BP to 5 BP. The rate changes varied by term and rating. [14] 3.2 Second - level Market Situation 3.2.1 Market Trading Volume - From September 15 to September 21, the total trading volume of credit bonds was 896.955 billion yuan, a month - on - month increase of 22.76%. The trading volumes of all varieties increased. [17] 3.2.2 Credit Spreads - For medium - and short - term notes, corporate bonds, and urban investment bonds, the credit spreads showed a differentiated trend, with 1 - year and 3 - year spreads narrowing and 5 - year and 7 - year spreads widening. [20][28][38] 3.2.3 Term Spreads and Rating Spreads - For AA+ medium - and short - term notes, the 3Y - 1Y term spread narrowed, while the 5Y - 3Y and 7Y - 3Y spreads widened. For rating spreads, the 3 - year (AA - )-(AAA) and (AA)-(AAA) spreads remained unchanged, and the (AA+)-(AAA) spread narrowed. [45] - For AA+ corporate bonds, the 3Y - 1Y, 5Y - 3Y, and 7Y - 3Y term spreads widened. For rating spreads, the 3 - year (AA - )-(AAA) and (AA)-(AAA) spreads widened, and the (AA+)-(AAA) spread remained unchanged. [50] - For AA+ urban investment bonds, the 3Y - 1Y term spread narrowed, while the 5Y - 3Y and 7Y - 3Y spreads widened. For rating spreads, the 3 - year (AA - )-(AAA) and (AA)-(AAA) spreads widened, and the (AA+)-(AAA) spread remained unchanged. [53] 3.3 Credit Rating Adjustments and Default Bond Statistics 3.3.1 Credit Rating Adjustment Statistics - From September 15 to September 21, the rating of one company was downgraded. [57] 3.3.2 Default and Extension Bond Statistics - Wuhan Contemporary Science & Technology Investment Co., Ltd.'s credit bond "H20 Technology 4" defaulted, with a default balance of 650 million yuan. There were no credit bond extensions during this period. [59][60] 3.4 Investment Views - In terms of absolute returns, the supply shortage and strong allocation demand support the strength of credit bonds. Although fluctuations are inevitable, the conditions for a full - scale bear market in credit bonds are still insufficient. In the long run, yields will enter a downward channel, and the strategy of increasing allocation during adjustments is still feasible. [1][61] - In terms of relative returns, due to the low historical levels of rating spreads, credit risk - taking is not effective at present. High - grade long - term bonds have certain advantages, and the duration can be appropriately extended, but the rhythm needs to be grasped. [1][61] - For real estate bonds, with the market gradually stabilizing, investors with high - risk tolerance can consider early layout, focusing on high - quality bonds of central and state - owned enterprises and some high - quality private enterprises. [2][66] - For urban investment bonds, they can be a key allocation variety, but attention should be paid to the valuation fluctuations during the clearance and transformation of local financing platforms. [3][66]

Market Overview - The major indices in the equity market showed mixed performance, with the ChiNext Index rising by 2.34% and the Shanghai 50 Index declining by 1.98% [2] - Among the 31 first-level industries, 13 experienced gains, with the top five performing industries being coal, electrical equipment, electronics, automobiles, and machinery [2] - The five industries with the largest declines were banking, non-ferrous metals, non-bank financials, steel, and agriculture [2] Public Fund Market - The scale of the Shanghai and Shenzhen ETF exceeded 5.1 trillion yuan [2] - In the past month, 14 actively managed equity funds were closed early [2] - Among equity funds, the average increase for equity-oriented funds was 0.63%, while fixed income plus funds saw an average decline of 0.08% with a positive return ratio of 41.65% [2] - Pure bond funds had an average increase of 0.03%, and pension target FOFs rose by an average of 0.54% [2] - QDII funds averaged an increase of 1.37%, with a positive return ratio of 81.14% [2] Fund Positioning - The industries with the highest increases in active equity fund positions were media, coal, and electrical equipment, while the largest decreases were in electronics, pharmaceuticals, and comprehensive sectors [3] - The overall positioning of active equity funds was measured at 77.69% as of September 19, 2025, a decrease of 0.51 percentage points from the previous period [3] ETF Market - The ETF market saw a net inflow of 13.612 billion yuan last week, with cross-border ETFs contributing a net inflow of 16.079 billion yuan [3] - Stock ETFs experienced a net inflow of 4.856 billion yuan [3] - The average daily trading volume in the ETF market reached 469.267 billion yuan, with an average daily turnover rate of 10.34% [3] - Major inflow themes included brokerages, robotics, and gold ETFs, while broad-based funds continued to see outflows, particularly from the Shanghai Stock Exchange STAR 50, CSI 300, and CSI A500 indices [3] Fund Issuance - A total of 31 new funds were issued last week, a decrease of 24 from the previous period, while 56 new funds were established, an increase of 17 [3] - The total amount raised by new funds was 70.735 billion yuan, an increase of 48.941 billion yuan from the previous period [3]