Report Information - Report Title: Carbonate Lithium Futures Monthly Report [1] - Date: October 10, 2025 [2] - Researcher: Zhang Ping, Yu Feifei, Peng Jinglin [3][4] Report Industry Investment Rating - No information provided. Core Viewpoints - In October, domestic carbonate lithium supply is expected to exceed 110,000 tons, with demand continuing to be strong. The demand growth rate is expected to be faster than the supply growth rate, and social inventory is likely to decrease. Considering cost support and uncertainties in the Yichun mining area, the price of carbonate lithium futures is expected to move upward, with a bottom support at 72,000 yuan [8][11]. Summary by Directory 1. Market Review and Future Outlook - **Market Review**: In September, the main carbonate lithium contract fluctuated weakly, with a monthly decline of 5.68%. The total position decreased by 8.9% to 678,000 lots. The spot lithium price followed the futures price, with a monthly decline of 7.7%. The social inventory decreased by 4,311 tons, indicating a turning point [10]. - **Future Outlook**: In October, domestic carbonate lithium supply is expected to exceed 110,000 tons. Demand is expected to continue to grow, and the demand growth rate is likely to be faster than the supply growth rate. Social inventory is expected to decrease further. The price of carbonate lithium futures is expected to move upward, with a bottom support at 72,000 yuan [11]. 2. Supply and Demand Analysis - **Lithium Ore**: By the end of September, the price of Australian ore with 6% lithium content decreased by 7% to $835/ton. In August, domestic lithium ore imports decreased by 17.5% month-on-month. Chinese lithium ore production decreased due to a significant reduction in lithium mica output. In the future, Australian ore supply is expected to increase steadily, African lithium ore production is growing, and American lithium ore supply is expected to increase slightly. Chinese lithium ore production is also expected to increase [15][16][17]. - **Future Lithium Ore Supply Increment**: In 2025, Australian ore production is expected to reach 479,000 tons of LCE, African lithium ore production is expected to increase by 64,000 tons of LCE to 267,000 tons of LCE, American lithium ore supply is expected to increase by 9,000 tons to 81,000 tons of LCE, and Chinese lithium ore production is expected to reach 255,000 tons of LCE. In 2026, the supply of lithium ore from various regions is expected to continue to increase [21][24][26]. - **High Growth in Carbonate Lithium Production Despite Salt Factory Losses**: In September, domestic carbonate lithium production reached a record high of 87,260 tons, a year-on-year increase of 52% and a month-on-month increase of 2%. In August, carbonate lithium imports increased significantly. Although salt factories are operating at a loss, carbonate lithium production continues to grow. In October, carbonate lithium production is expected to exceed 90,000 tons [29]. - **Future Carbonate Lithium Supply Increment**: In 2025, global carbonate lithium production is expected to increase by 310,000 tons, and in 2026, it is expected to increase by 275,000 tons [33]. 3. Demand Side: High Growth of Lithium Batteries Driven by New Energy Vehicles and Energy Storage Demand - **Increase in Cathode Material Production and Price Resistance**: By the end of September, the prices of cathode materials showed mixed trends. In September, the production of cathode materials increased, with lithium iron phosphate leading the way. In October, the production of ternary cathode materials and lithium iron phosphate is expected to continue to increase [35][36]. - **Increase in Lithium Battery Price and Quantity and Good Export Performance**: By the end of September, the prices of lithium batteries increased. In September, Chinese lithium battery production increased significantly, and exports continued to increase. The inventory of lithium batteries decreased [47][48]. - **New Energy Vehicle Sales Growth Led by China and Europe**: From January to August, global new energy vehicle sales increased by 29.5% year-on-year to 13.286 million units. In 2025, global new energy vehicle sales are expected to increase by 32% year-on-year to 23.56 million units, and in 2026, the growth rate is expected to drop to 24% [56][58]. - **High Growth in the Energy Storage Field Unaffected by Policy Disturbances**: In 2025, the global new energy storage installation is expected to reach 328 GWh, driving an increase in energy storage battery demand of 274 GWh to 644 GWh. In 2026, the global new energy storage installation is expected to reach 420 GWh [59][60]. 4. Carbonate Lithium Production Cost Analysis - The production costs of carbonate lithium from different raw materials vary significantly. In the third quarter of 2025, the integrated costs of mica, spodumene, and salt lake all decreased slightly. The current cost support level for carbonate lithium is around 62,000 yuan [61]. 5. Supply and Demand Balance Sheet - In August, domestic social inventory decreased by 590 tons to 141,100 tons, indicating a turning point. In September, domestic carbonate lithium production is expected to decline slightly, and social inventory is expected to decrease further [63][64].

Report Information - Report Title: Pulp Monthly Report [1] - Date: October 10, 2025 [2] - Core View: In October, supported by seasonality and cost, pulp prices may have a phased rebound. However, without significant improvement in industry profits, it is difficult to have a trend change, and the pulp market will mainly fluctuate at a low level [7] - Strategy: Range operation, short near-term contracts and long far-term contracts [7] - Important Variables: Macroeconomic policies, supply disruptions, and demand performance [7] Group 1: Market Review - In September, pulp prices fluctuated at a low level with a monthly decline of 2.8%. The Fed cut interest rates by 25 basis points on September 17, and the Sino-US leaders' call promoted trade negotiations. In the domestic market, the CPI in August decreased by 0.4% year-on-year, industrial added value increased by 5.2% year-on-year with a slight month-on-month decline, and the year-on-year growth rate of total retail sales of consumer goods continued to slow down to 3.4%. The pulp peak season in September fell short of expectations, and the fundamentals remained weak [9] - The FOB prices of imported wood pulp showed a mixed trend, and the RMB exchange rate fluctuated within a narrow range. The cost support for imported softwood pulp was relatively weak. In the European market, the consumption of chemical pulp in August increased by 2.4% year-on-year, and the inventory of chemical pulp increased by 11.3% year-on-year. In August, the chemical pulp shipments of the world's top 20 pulp-producing countries increased by 10.3% year-on-year, with softwood pulp up 5% and hardwood pulp up 14.7%. It is expected that the subsequent imports will remain at a relatively high level compared to the same period [9] - As of late September, the inventory in major regions and ports decreased by 2.8% month-on-month. Although September entered the traditional consumption peak season, downstream paper mills lacked confidence, processing profits were difficult to improve, and the enthusiasm for raw material procurement was poor. The average monthly price of imported softwood pulp in September decreased by 2.23% compared to the previous month, while that of imported hardwood pulp increased by 1.08% [9] - Arauco's September wood pulp FOB prices were as follows: softwood pulp Silver Star at $700/ton, natural pulp Venus at $590/ton, and hardwood pulp Star at $540/ton [9] Group 2: Global Commodity Pulp Shipments Increase Year-on-Year - Global commodity pulp shipments increased year-on-year. According to PPPC, in July, the softwood pulp shipments of the world's top 20 pulp-producing countries were 1.77 million tons, a month-on-month increase of 3.22% and a year-on-year increase of 4.11%; the hardwood pulp shipments were 2.65 million tons, a month-on-month decrease of 12.69% and a year-on-year increase of 11.08% [17] - In July, the ratio of global commodity chemical pulp shipments to production capacity decreased seasonally but remained at a relatively high level compared to the same period. It decreased by 9.49% compared to the previous month and increased by 7.29% compared to the same period last year. In July, the inventory days of softwood pulp for global producers were 50 days, basically the same as the previous month and 7 days more than the same period last year; for hardwood pulp, it was 45 days, 1 day more than the previous month and 2 days less than the same period last year [17] - China's pulp imports decreased both month-on-month and year-on-year in August. In August, China imported 2.65 million tons of pulp, a month-on-month decrease of 8.0% and a year-on-year decrease of 5.7%. From January to August, the cumulative pulp imports were 24.11 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 5.0%. By variety, in August, the imports of softwood pulp were 610,000 tons, a year-on-year decrease of 10.1%; the imports of hardwood pulp were 1.26 million tons, a year-on-year decrease of 1.4% [17] - The inventory in major ports continued to decline in September. As of late September, the inventory in major domestic ports and regions was approximately 1.99 million tons, a decrease of 2.8% compared to the previous month. Among them, the inventory in Qingdao Port increased by 0.8% compared to the previous month, while that in Changshu Port decreased by 11.8% [17] Group 3: No Obvious Improvement in Downstream Market Demand - The year-on-year growth rate of China's cumulative output of machine-made paper slowed down. In August 2025, the output of machine-made paper and paperboard was 13.919 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 1.5%. From January to August, the cumulative output was 106.659 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 2.7% [38] - The finished product inventory of China's papermaking and paper products industry decreased. In August, the inventory of the papermaking and paper products industry was flat year-on-year and decreased by 0.4% month-on-month. The finished product inventory decreased by 1.1% year-on-year and 2.4% month-on-month [38] - In September, the prices of downstream base paper showed a mixed trend, and the demand growth was relatively limited. As of September 28, the monthly average price of the white cardboard market was 3,960 yuan/ton, a 0.35% increase compared to the previous month. In September, the cost pressure in the market remained high, and paper mills raised prices by 100 yuan/ton. The new production capacity in Central China was postponed, and terminal inventories were low, with mainly rigid demand replenishment [38] - As of September 28, the monthly average price of the tissue paper market was 5,647 yuan/ton, a 1.06% increase compared to the previous month. In September, several paper enterprises in Southwest China shut down or reduced production, the market supply tightened, and paper enterprises raised prices to sell. The prices in Guangxi also showed an upward trend driven by the price of bagasse pulp [38] - As of September 28, the monthly average price of the offset printing paper market was 4,807 yuan/ton, a 2.77% decrease compared to the previous month. In early September, the idle production lines in Shandong resumed production, increasing the market supply pressure. Downstream printing factories received average orders. Some factories in South China shut down briefly due to weather, and the consumption of base paper was slow. Coupled with the delay of publishing tenders, the overall market sales were slow [39] - As of September 28, the monthly average price of the coated paper market was 4,968 yuan/ton, a 4.13% decrease compared to the previous month. In September, some large-scale idle production lines resumed production, increasing the industry supply. Distributors actively reduced inventories to avoid price decline risks. Downstream printing and packaging orders were average, and the consumption speed of base paper was slow [39] Group 4: Differentiated Trends in Gross Profit Margins of Wood Pulp Paper Products - The overall gross profit margins of wood pulp paper products showed a differentiated trend. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, from January to August 2025, the cumulative year-on-year decline in operating income of the papermaking and paper products industry was 1.9%, and the cumulative year-on-year decline in total profit was 18.8%, with the overall decline slightly narrowing [50] - In September, the monthly average of major raw material costs fluctuated weakly compared to the previous month, and the prices of terminal paper products showed a mixed trend. The overall gross profit margins showed a differentiated trend. By variety, in September, the gross profit margin of white cardboard increased by 2.03 percentage points compared to the previous month; the gross profit margin of tissue paper slightly increased by 0.04 percentage points; the gross profit margin of offset printing paper decreased by 1.77 percentage points; and the gross profit margin of coated paper decreased by 3.06 percentage points [50]

Report Overview - Industry: Crude Oil [1] - Date: October 10, 2025 [2] Investment Rating - Not provided Core View - The oil market is fundamentally bearish due to OPEC+ production increases and a supply - demand imbalance. The market will be in a state of oversupply in Q4 2025 and 2026. The suggested trading strategy is to short on price rallies and consider reverse arbitrage [6][7] Summary by Section 1. Market Review and Trading Recommendations - **Market Review**: WTI closed at $61.79/barrel, up 0.77%; Brent closed at $66.08/barrel, up 0.96%; SC closed at 471 yuan/barrel, down 1.98%. OPEC+ increased production by 137,000 barrels per day starting from October. Russia's oil exports are stable, and US oil production growth is slow [6] - **Balance Sheet**: In Q4 2025, the crude oil market will continue to be oversupplied, with an expected inventory build - up of 2.55 million barrels per day, 320,000 barrels per day higher than last month. In 2026, the inventory build - up rate is expected to be 2.09 million barrels per day, up from 1.87 million barrels per day [7] - **Trading Strategy**: Short on price rallies and consider reverse arbitrage [7] 2. Industry News - ExxonMobil shut down the gasoline - producing fluid catalytic cracking unit at its Beaumont, Texas refinery - Russia will gradually increase oil production and is committed to implementing OPEC+ agreements. Diesel exports do not require quotas - Citigroup believes the overall sentiment in the oil market remains bearish, though there are differences in the degree of pessimism about the crude oil outlook [8] 3. Data Overview - The report presents multiple data charts, including global high - frequency crude oil inventories, EIA crude oil inventories, US crude oil production growth rate, Dtd Brent price, WTI spot price, Oman spot price, US gasoline consumption, and US diesel consumption [10][11][18][22]

Group 1: Report Information - Industry: Oil and fat [1] - Date: October 10, 2025 [2] - Researchers: Yu Lanlan, Lin Zhenlei, Wang Haifeng, Hong Chenliang, Liu Youran [3] Group 2: Market Review and Operational Suggestions Market Review | Contract | Previous Settlement Price | Opening Price | High Price | Low Price | Closing Price | Change | Change Rate | Trading Volume | Open Interest | Open Interest Change | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | P2605 | 9004 | 9250 | 9364 | 9204 | 9360 | 356 | 3.95% | 56876 | 96520 | 7060 | | P2601 | 90616 | 9452 | 9580 | 9438 | 9570 | 380 | 4.13% | 509596 | 379054 | 46907 | | Y2605 | 7876 | 7996 | 8096 | 7972 | 8074 | 198 | 2.51% | 60570 | 224422 | 5157 | | Y2601 | 8114 | 8212 | 8340 | 8212 | 8332 | 218 | 2.69% | 336990 | 506255 | -8109 | | O1605 | 9522 | 9619 | 9749 | 9617 | 9729 | 207 | 2.17% | 13285 | 52813 | 254 | | OI601 | 10046 | 10160 | 10266 | 10129 | 10248 | 202 | 2.01% | 209869 | 329150 | 25710 | [7] Spot Price and Basis - East China third - grade rapeseed oil: Spot price is OI2601 + 270 (October - November: OI2601 + 280). East China first - grade rapeseed oil in October is OI2601 + 390. - East China first - grade soybean oil basis price: November - January is 01 + 230, December - February is 01 + 240, January - March is 01 + 200, April - July is 05 + 250. - Guangdong traders' palm oil quotes: Dongguan factories' 24 - degree palm oil is 01 - 70; Dongguan Chunjin's 24 - degree palm oil is 01 + 0. [7] Core View - After the holiday, the three major oils strongly made up for losses. The palm oil main contract P2601 was the strongest, with a gain of over 4%. - The Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) will release an official monthly report on October 10. A survey shows that Malaysia's palm oil inventory in September will decline for the first time since February due to increased exports and decreased production. - Indonesia is promoting the B50 biodiesel blending project, raising concerns about tight palm oil supply. - Near - term rapeseed oil continues the de - stocking trend, with relatively concentrated supply. Traders mainly hold prices for shipment, and the basis quote continues to rise. Pay attention to China - Canada trade progress and rapeseed raw material supply, and mainly allocate more. - In the case of soybean oil, the estimated soybean imports in the fourth quarter are still relatively sufficient, but the import cost has increased, providing support at the lower level. - The oil and fat sector is dominated by long - position funds. It is advisable to buy at low levels and roll long positions. [8] Group 3: Industry News - The Malaysian Palm Oil Association (MPOA) said that the estimated palm oil production in Malaysia in September 2025 was 1.81 million tons, a month - on - month decrease of 2.35%. The production in Peninsular Malaysia decreased by 6.17% month - on - month, the production in Sabah increased by 2.35% month - on - month, the production in Sarawak increased by 6.62% month - on - month, and the production in East Malaysia increased by 3.44% month - on - month. - Data from the Southern Palm Oil Millers Association (SPPOMA) in Malaysia showed that from October 1 - 5, Malaysia's palm oil production increased by 12.55% month - on - month, with the fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield per unit area increasing by 11.61% month - on - month and the oil extraction rate (OER) increasing by 0.18% month - on - month. - A survey shows that Malaysia's palm oil inventory in September will decline for the first time since February. The production is expected to be 1.794 million tons, a month - on - month decrease of 3.3%, the export volume is expected to be 1.427 million tons, a month - on - month increase of 7.7%, and the inventory will drop to 2.146 million tons, a month - on - month decrease of 2.5%. - Indonesia's Energy Ministry announced that the laboratory tests for B50 fuel were completed in August. The next step is to conduct road tests and applicability tests for non - automotive diesel machinery to ensure the safety of B50 use. The government is accelerating the implementation of the mandatory blending policy of biodiesel (B50) with a 50% palm oil ratio in 2026 to reduce dependence on imported diesel, and it is expected to launch B50 biodiesel in the second half of 2026. - Brazil's Energy Ministry's biofuel director said that the policy to increase the biodiesel blending ratio in diesel from 15% to 16% in March 2026 may not be implemented on schedule due to the government's incomplete technical feasibility study report, tight policy promotion time, and high implementation difficulty. [9][10][17] Group 4: Data Overview - The report provides multiple data charts, including the spot price of East China third - grade rapeseed oil, the spot price of East China fourth - grade soybean oil, the spot price of South China 24 - degree palm oil, palm oil basis changes, soybean oil basis changes, rapeseed oil basis changes, P1 - 5 spread, P5 - 9 spread, P9 - 1 spread, US dollar - Malaysian ringgit exchange rate, and US dollar - Chinese yuan exchange rate. All data sources are Wind and the Research and Development Department of CCB Futures. [11][16][18][22][27][28]

行业 白糖日报 日期 2025 年 10 月 10 日 研究员：王海峰 021-60635728 wanghaifeng@ccb.ccbfutures.com 期货从业资格号：F0230741 021-60635740 linzhenlei@ccb.ccbfutures.com 期货从业资格号：F3055047 农产品研究团队 研究员：林贞磊 研究员：余兰兰 研究员：洪辰亮 请阅读正文后的声明 ＃summary＃ 每日报告 一、行情回顾与操作建议 | 表1：期货行情 | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 合约 | 收盘价（元/吨 美分/磅） | 涨跌 | 涨跌幅 | 持仓量（张） | 增减 | | SR601 | 5528 | 38 | 0.69% | 373744 | -14293 | | SR605 | 5492 | 42 | 0.77% | 64062 | -1687 | | 美糖 03 | 16.60 | 0.15 | 0.91% | 464803 | -2953 | | 美糖 05 | 16.14 | 0.15 | 0.94% | 1 ...

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Core Viewpoints - Futures prices of plastics and PP decreased, with plastics L2601 closing at 7077 yuan/ton, down 79 yuan/ton (-1.1%), and PP2601 at 6745 yuan/ton, down 128 yuan (-1.86%). This weakened the spot trading atmosphere, causing some prices to loosen. The post - holiday social inventory increased, and the demand in October had some resilience but limited new orders. The cost support from crude oil was weak, putting pressure on polyolefins [3][4]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Market Review and Outlook - Plastics L2601 opened lower, fluctuated downward during the session, and closed lower. PP2601 also dropped. The futures' weak performance affected the spot market, with traders offering discounts. The post - holiday inventory increase and limited new orders led to high de - stocking pressure. Crude oil's supply expectation adjustment reduced cost support for polyolefins [3][4]. 3.2 Industry News - On October 9, 2025, the major producers' inventory was 860,000 tons, a 270,000 - ton increase (45.76%) from before the holiday, compared to 930,000 tons in the same post - holiday period last year. PE market prices were weak, while the mainstream price of propylene in the Shandong market rose 90 yuan/ton. PP market prices declined [5]. 3.3 Data Overview - Multiple figures were presented, including L and PP basis, L - PP spread, crude oil futures settlement price, two - oil inventory, and its year - on - year change rate, with data sources from Wind and Zhuochuang Information [7][13][15].

Group 1: Report Overview - Report industry: Cotton [1] - Report date: October 10, 2025 [2] - Report title: New cotton listing stage, under pressure [5] Group 2: Core Viewpoints - Fundamental aspects: The Fed cut interest rates by 25 basis points on September 17, meeting market expectations, and China-US leaders' phone call promoted trade negotiations. In the domestic market, the CPI in August decreased by 0.4% year-on-year, industrial added value increased by 5.2% year-on-year with a slight month-on-month decline, and the year-on-year growth rate of total retail sales of consumer goods continued to slow down to 3.4%. The USDA September report was bearish, with no adjustment in the US and a slight increase in the inventory-to-sales ratio outside China. On the supply side, the expectation of a bumper harvest is clear, and the listing period is earlier than usual. The opening price of machine-picked seed cotton was in line with market expectations and then declined slightly. The commercial cotton inventory is rapidly decreasing, and the end-of-September inventory is expected to be 80-90 million tons, the lowest in recent years. In August 2025, cotton imports increased slightly month-on-month, and the cumulative imports in the 2024/25 season were 105 million tons, a 68% year-on-year decrease. On the demand side, the profit situation of textile enterprises has improved, but there is still a shortage of downstream orders. The operating rate of textile enterprises first increased and then decreased, and the finished product inventory continued to decline. Domestic consumption in August was okay, but the cumulative year-on-year increase continued to narrow. Overseas market consumption has recovered, but China's export situation remains weak [7][55]. - Viewpoint: October is the peak period for Xinjiang cotton listing and processing. Attention should be paid to the processing and circulation of new cotton and the inventory accumulation speed. Under the pressure of a bumper harvest this year and hedging during the listing period, the trend will still be weak. Due to more pre-hedging this year, the pressure has been advanced, and the overall decline in October may narrow. Pay attention to the support performance of the integer关口 of the main contract. In the far month, pay attention to the demand performance and macro policy changes [7][55]. - Strategy: Short on rallies, sell call options, and converge the internal and external price difference [7][55]. - Important variables: Reserve policy; tariff changes; listing progress [7][55]. Group 3: Market Review - ICE cotton: In September, the main contract of ICE cotton continued to fluctuate in a wide range, with the trading center moving down, and the monthly decline was 1.6%. The USDA September supply and demand balance sheet made no adjustments in the US, and the inventory-to-sales ratio outside China increased slightly. The report was slightly bearish. The Fed's interest rate cut of 25 basis points met market expectations, and the macro boost was relatively limited. The net long position of CFTC funds remained low, and the capital driving willingness was low [9]. - Zhengzhou cotton: In September, Zhengzhou cotton changed from rising to falling, with a monthly decline of 7.2%. In September, the new cotton listing period began. The accumulated temperature in the main producing areas was good during the growth stage. The market generally expected the new cotton supply this year to be 7.3-7.5 million tons, with a clear expectation of a bumper harvest and an earlier listing period. Coupled with more pre-hedging pressure than in previous years, Zhengzhou cotton was mainly under pressure in September [11]. Group 4: Global Cotton Supply and Demand - USDA September report adjustments: The report was overall bearish. In the US, the output was increased by 0.2 million tons to 2.878 million tons, and the ending inventory remained unchanged. In India, the beginning inventory was increased by 2.6 million tons to 2.171 million tons, the output was increased by 10.9 million tons to 5.225 million tons, the imports were decreased by 2.2 million tons to 0.61 million tons, the exports were increased by 6.5 million tons to 0.283 million tons, and the ending inventory was increased by 4.8 million tons to 2.28 million tons. In China, the beginning inventory was decreased by 20.7 million tons to 7.585 million tons, the output was increased by 21.8 million tons to 7.076 million tons, the imports were decreased by 2.2 million tons to 1.132 million tons, the consumption was increased by 21.8 million tons to 8.382 million tons, and the ending inventory was decreased by 22.9 million tons to 7.396 million tons. In Brazil, there was no adjustment. Overall, the global cotton output was increased by 23.1 million tons to 25.621 million tons, the trade volume was increased by 5.2 million tons to 19.031 million tons, the consumption was increased by 18.3 million tons to 25.872 million tons, the ending inventory was decreased by 16.8 million tons to 15.924 million tons, a 1.04% month-on-month decrease [14]. Group 5: Domestic Supply and Demand - New-year output forecast: In August 2025, the survey by the China Cotton Association showed that the national cotton planting area was 44.823 million mu, a 1.8% year-on-year increase. Due to better weather and proper water and fertilizer management by cotton farmers, the cotton growth was good. The total output in Xinjiang reached a new high, and the national expected total output was 7.216 million tons, an 8.3% year-on-year increase and a 321,000-ton increase from the previous period, the highest since 2013 [19]. - Cotton purchase and processing: In late September, seed cotton was gradually picked and listed across the country. In Xinjiang, multiple rainfall and cooling affected the spraying effect of defoliants, and the large-scale machine-picking time was postponed. From September 22 to 28, the domestic spot and futures prices of lint cotton fluctuated and declined, and the purchase price of seed cotton also decreased. The price of hand-picked cotton in Xinjiang decreased from 7.3-7.6 yuan/kg at the beginning to 7.1-7.3 yuan/kg, and the price of machine-picked cotton decreased from 6.2-6.4 yuan/kg to 6.0-6.3 yuan/kg. Affected by the high moisture content of newly picked seed cotton, processing enterprises were generally cautious to ensure purchase quality and adjusted the purchase rhythm according to market changes. The purchase price of seed cotton in the inland was relatively stable, mostly between 7-7.5 yuan/kg. Recently, the picking speed has slowed down due to continuous rainfall and inability to dry [21]. - Inventory situation: In mid-September, the commercial cotton inventory was 1.1759 million tons, a decrease of 305,800 tons from the end of last month; the industrial cotton inventory was 862,100 tons, a decrease of 30,200 tons from the end of last month. The commercial cotton inventory continued to decline rapidly in September, and the end-of-September inventory is expected to be 800,000-900,000 tons, the lowest in recent years. The industrial cotton inventory level decreased slightly, and downstream enterprises mainly replenished inventory for rigid demand, currently at a neutral level in previous years. In September, the yarn inventory index was 26.43 days, a decrease of 2.28 days from last month; the grey fabric inventory index was 29.83 days, a decrease of 3.03 days from last month [25]. - Cotton import volume: In August 2025, the import volume was 70,000 tons, a year-on-year decrease of 80,000 tons and a month-on-month increase of 17,000 tons. From January to August 2025, the cumulative import volume was 590,000 tons, a 72.6% year-on-year decrease. From September 2024 to August 2025, the cumulative import volume was 1.05 million tons, a 68% year-on-year decrease [30]. - Textile enterprise processing: As of September 26, according to the statistics of the Cotton Textile Information Network, the cotton inventory of textile enterprises was 28.1 days, a decrease of 0.4 days from last week; the cotton yarn inventory of textile enterprises was 26.8 days, a decrease of 0.3 days from last week; the cotton yarn inventory of weaving factories was 8.2 days, an increase of 0.3 days from last week; the cotton grey fabric inventory was 30.7 days, a decrease of 0.1 days from last week. As of September 26, the yarn load index in China was 50.3%, an increase of 0.2% from last week; the grey fabric load index in China was 52.5%, a decrease of 0.3% from last week. In September, due to the decline in cotton prices, the profit situation of textile enterprises improved, but the shortage of downstream orders still existed. Weaving factories postponed yarn procurement due to the expected decline in cotton prices, disrupting the peak season rhythm. The operating rate of textile enterprises first increased and then decreased in September, and the finished product inventory was in a downward trend [32][33]. - Textile demand: In August 2025, the retail sales of clothing, footwear, needles, and textiles were 104.5 billion yuan, a 3.1% year-on-year increase. From January to August 2025, the cumulative retail sales of clothing, footwear, needles, and textiles were 940 billion yuan, a 2.9% year-on-year increase. Among them, the clothing retail sales from January to August were 670.8 billion yuan, a 2.2% year-on-year increase. In August 2025, the textile and clothing export volume was 26.5 billion US dollars, a 5.1% year-on-year decrease. From January to August 2025, the cumulative textile and clothing export volume was 197.3 billion US dollars, a 0.3% year-on-year decrease. From the perspective of textile and clothing import data in the US, EU, and Japan, in June 2025, the cumulative textile and clothing imports in the EU were 970,000 tons, a 12.6% year-on-year increase; in July 2025, the textile and clothing imports in the US were 1.01 billion square meters, a 1.6% year-on-year increase; in August 2025, the textile and clothing imports in Japan were 210,000 tons, a 2.1% year-on-year decrease. Overall, domestic consumption performance was okay, but the cumulative year-on-year increase continued to narrow. External demand consumption recovered, and the US market's year-on-year imports continued to rise in July, but China's export situation remained weak [42].

1. Report Information - Report Title: European Line Container Shipping Monthly Report [1] - Date: October 9, 2025 [2] - Research Team: Macro Financial Team [4] - Researchers: He Zhuoqiao, Huang Wenxin, Nie Jiayi [3] 2. Investment Rating - No investment rating information is provided in the report. 3. Core View - September to October is the traditional off - season, and the capacity regulation is limited with supply pressure remaining. However, shipping companies are starting to support prices for the year - end long - term contract season, raising freight rates in the second half of October. Although the announced price increase may not be fully implemented, a bottom - up recovery trend is likely to form. The escalating Middle East situation is also expected to support far - month contracts, and there should be low - buying opportunities in December [7][26]. 4. Summary by Directory 4.1 9 - month Market Review - Spot freight rates were still in a downward channel in September, but there were signs of price support. Due to the off - season for shipments and sufficient capacity supply, shipping companies faced greater pressure to attract cargo and continuously lowered freight rates. The online spot freight rate for large containers dropped to a low of $1400 in late September. Futures prices followed the decline, with the October contract hitting a low of 1046 points. However, at the end of the month, shipping companies began to promote long - term contracts for the end of the year and announced price increases for late October, boosting the expectations of far - month futures contracts, and the December contract showed obvious recovery. Overall, EC futures first declined and then recovered, with significantly improved expectations for far - month contracts [10]. - The trading data of European line container shipping futures in September shows that different contracts had different price trends and trading volumes. For example, the EC2510 contract had a monthly decline of 12.34%, while the EC2512 contract had a monthly increase of 12.40% [11]. 4.2 Freight Spot Quote Situation - Most freight rates for the second half of October were raised to over $2000. As the long - term contract season approaches, shipping companies are raising freight rates. Taking the Shanghai - Rotterdam route as an example, Maersk's large - container price in the third week of October started at $1810 and reached a maximum of $1911. Mainstream shipping companies such as CMA CGM, OOCL, Evergreen, ONE, and HMM had large - container quotes in the range of $1400 - $1620 in the first half of the month and $2000 - $2220 in the second half, with an increase of about $600. However, the overall loading forecast rate after the National Day holiday was low, and the price increase may not be implemented. Attention should be paid to whether other shipping companies will follow to form a price - increasing force [15]. 4.3 Container Shipping Supply - Demand Analysis 4.3.1 Demand Side - China's exports showed marginal slowdown in August, but leading indicators improved in September. In August, China's total exports were $321.81 billion, with a year - on - year growth of 4.4%, and the growth rate slowed by 2.8 percentage points compared with the previous month. The main reasons for the weakening of exports were the implementation of tariffs and the cooling of "rush - to - export." In September, the new export order index rebounded by 1 percentage point, and the BDI index increased significantly compared with August, indicating the resilience of external demand [16]. - The economic sentiment in Europe improved in September but was severely differentiated in structure, with potential downward risks in long - term demand. The EU economic sentiment index rose by 0.6 percentage points to 95.5% in September, and the preliminary value of the S&P Eurozone composite PMI improved to 51.2%. However, the manufacturing PMI preliminary value dropped to 49.5, back below the boom - bust line. Germany's service industry grew rapidly, but the manufacturing industries in Germany and France declined significantly. Overall, although the current comprehensive demand in Europe has improved, the structural differentiation may lead to the unsustainability of the improvement, and the support from the demand side for freight rate increases is limited [18]. 4.3.2 Supply Side - In terms of potential capacity, since July 2024, new container ship orders globally have increased significantly. The number of shipbuilding orders on hand and the completion volume are significantly higher than the same period in previous years, and the number of container ship orders on hand has continued to grow at a high rate this year, with the growth rate accelerating in August. It is expected that container shipping capacity will continue to grow at a relatively high rate with the continuous delivery of new ships [20]. - In terms of actual capacity, the number of blank sailings increased in October, with the weekly average capacity dropping to about 250,000 TEU, but it was still at a relatively high level in the off - season. The capacity regulation was not strong, and the weekly average capacity in November is expected to rise to about 286,000 TEU, indicating long - term supply pressure. Attention should be paid to whether shipping companies will further increase blank sailings to support prices for the year - end long - term contract season [20]. - The Israel - Palestine conflict in the Red Sea is intensifying. The military confrontation between Israel and the Houthi rebels continued in September. The probability of continued detours in the Red Sea this year is high, and it is unlikely to bring additional capacity supply pressure [22]. 4.4 Outlook - September to October is the traditional off - season, and the capacity regulation is limited with supply pressure remaining. However, shipping companies are starting to support prices for the year - end long - term contract season, raising freight rates in the second half of October. Although the announced price increase may not be fully implemented, a bottom - up recovery trend is likely to form. The escalating Middle East situation is also expected to support far - month contracts, and there should be low - buying opportunities in December [26].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Overweight gold and blue - chip stocks, moderately allocate interest - rate bonds and growth stocks, and underweight credit bonds, crude oil, and currency [5][60] 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - From mid - January to March 2025, due to Trump's aggressive reforms, the US dollar exchange rate and US Treasury yields weakened, and funds chased overseas assets. In early April, Trump's high - tariff measures triggered a global financial tsunami. After that, the Fed's rate - cut process benefits global stocks and precious metals, while the bond yields of various countries are suppressed. The commodity market remains stable overall but shows significant differentiation. Looking forward, the macro - environment is still relatively favorable for precious metals and stocks, slightly favorable for industrial commodities, but unfavorable for bonds. It is recommended to increase bond allocation while being bullish on stocks [5] 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 2025 1 - 9 Months Macro - market Review - From November 2024 to mid - January 2025, the "Trump trade" made the US dollar, US Treasury yields, and US stocks rise, while overseas assets were under pressure. From mid - January to March, the US dollar and US Treasury yields weakened, and funds flowed overseas. In early April, Trump's tariff measures caused a global financial shock. After that, the international trade situation eased, and the Fed's rate - cut benefited global stocks and precious metals. The commodity market was stable with differentiation [7] 3.2 Macro - environment Review 3.2.1 China's Domestic Demand Continues to Weaken - In August 2025, China's domestic demand weakened due to the diminishing effect of fiscal and monetary stimulus and international trade disputes. The full - year economic growth target of about 5% is expected to be achieved. In terms of investment, from January to August, fixed - asset investment growth slowed, especially in real estate. Consumption growth also declined. Industrial output growth slowed, and there was a large deflationary pressure. The real - estate market showed supply - demand deterioration and price decline, but the overall situation was slightly better than in Q3 2024. Inflation showed a decline in overall CPI and a narrowing of PPI decline. Exports were affected by the US and other factors, but still showed resilience. Fiscal expenditure showed a marginal weakening, and financial data showed that new social financing was mainly supported by fiscal means. The manufacturing PMI improved slightly, and new policy - based financial tools were launched [8][10][15] 3.2.2 US Economic Recovery but Weak Employment - In the first half of 2025, the US economy fluctuated due to Trump's reforms. In the second half, the growth momentum recovered. Employment data showed a shortage of new non - farm jobs, a low growth rate of salaries, and a slight increase in the unemployment rate, but no recession risk. Inflation showed a stable recovery, and the manufacturing and non - manufacturing PMIs showed different trends [27][29][33] 3.2.3 The Fed Restarts the Rate - cut Process - On September 16 - 17, the Fed cut interest rates by 25BP. The decision was due to the weakening of US economic growth momentum, the slowdown of employment growth, and the balance between employment and inflation risks. The Fed's economic outlook is more optimistic, and it is expected to cut interest rates two more times in 2025 and less frequently in 2026 and 2027. The Fed's rate - cut is a risk - management measure, and the second - stage rate - cut process will be step - by - step [37][40][45] 3.3 Asset Market Analysis - China's Treasury yields showed a downward - rebound - downward - rebound trend. It is expected to run weakly in the second half of 2025. US Treasury yields were high - fluctuating, and it is predicted to continue high - running. The US dollar index is expected to be weak first and then strong. The RMB exchange rate is expected to be volatile and slightly strong. Global stock indices have risen, and the A - share market is expected to be strong, but the contradiction between high risk - appetite and weak corporate profits is increasing. The commodity market is expected to maintain a high - level wide - range shock [47][49][54] 3.4 Medium - term Asset Allocation - From January to September 2025, stocks rose, bonds fell, and commodities were under pressure. The international trade situation and domestic policies affected asset performance. It is recommended to underweight currency, moderately allocate interest - rate bonds, underweight credit bonds, overweight blue - chip stocks, moderately allocate growth stocks, underweight crude oil, and overweight gold [58][60]

Report Overview - Report Title: Treasury Bond Monthly Report - Report Date: October 9, 2025 - Research Team: Macro Financial Research Team - Researchers: He Zhuoqiao, Huang Wenxin, Nie Jiayi [3] 1. Investment Rating - No investment rating for the industry is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoint - In October, the bond market may still face more negatives than positives. Although the economic data announced in September showed marginal weakness, it had limited impact on the market. With the stock market remaining strong, the impact of new public - fund regulations, and the resurgence of anti - involution expectations, bond market sentiment remained weak. In October, potential negatives include the 14th Five - Year Plan and fiscal stimulus boosting credit expansion expectations, the intensification of anti - involution, and market waiting for the official implementation of the new public - fund regulations. Potential positives may be the slowdown of economic data boosting easing expectations, lower - than - expected incremental fiscal strength, and the central bank restarting bond purchases, but monetary easing is difficult to materialize. Overall, October may be a window period for risk clearing after the negatives are realized, and the bond market may stabilize. However, the rally phase may need to wait for the resurgence of easing expectations, which may be triggered by factors such as weakening fundamentals or deteriorating trade negotiations. It is recommended to patiently wait for better bond - market allocation opportunities, which may appear in the middle or late fourth quarter [8][67]. 3. Summary by Section 3.1 9 - Month Market Review 3.1.1 Domestic Bond Market - In September, the domestic bond market fluctuated widely under the influence of the stock market, regulatory policies, and the expectation of the central bank restarting bond purchases. Treasury futures ended the month lower. At the beginning of the month, the stock market's decline boosted bond market sentiment, but the new public - fund regulations issued on September 5 caused a significant correction in the bond market in the early part of the month. In the middle and late parts of the month, the expectation of the central bank restarting bond purchases increased, but the bond market still fluctuated due to stock - market and anti - involution disturbances. The 30 - year Treasury futures had the largest adjustment, while the 5 - year Treasury futures had the smallest adjustment [11]. - The interest - rate curve steepened further in September. The long - end yields increased more, mainly due to the stock - market pressure, while the short - end was mainly affected by the new public - fund regulations, with the 2 - year variety being the most affected [14]. - The basis of Treasury futures narrowed in September. The short - end varieties were stable due to the loose funds, while the long - end basis continued to narrow, indicating that futures adjusted less than the spot [15]. 3.1.2 Overseas Market - In September, the Fed cut interest rates by 25bp as expected, and there may still be 50bp of cuts within the year, but there were differences among Fed members regarding the future path. The market also had a large divergence from the Fed's official view. Further interest - rate cuts may not lead to a significant decline in long - term US Treasury yields unless the US economy deteriorates significantly or Trump challenges the Fed's independence [18]. 3.1.3 Funding Situation - In September, the net injection of MLF and outright reverse repurchases was the same as last month, and short - term reverse repurchases were increased to support the funds. The central bank restarted 14 - day reverse repurchases at the end of the month to support cross - quarter funds [23]. - The funding rates increased seasonally at the end of the month but were not tight. The DR007 increased compared to the beginning of the month but was lower than the same period in previous years. The inter - bank certificate of deposit rates remained stable, and the overall funding situation was stable [23]. 3.2 Bond Market Environment Analysis 3.2.1 Fundamental Situation - In August, domestic economic activities further slowed down. In terms of credit expansion, the willingness of the real economy to borrow was still weak. The new social financing in August was 256.68 billion yuan, a year - on - year decrease of 46.55 billion yuan, mainly due to the decline in on - balance - sheet RMB loans. The M1 growth rate increased for five consecutive months, indicating an improvement in the activation of existing funds [34][36]. - In terms of real - economy activities, in August, the national economic activity data further slowed down. The characteristics of "supply better than demand, external demand better than domestic demand" were still obvious. Domestic demand was weak and showed marginal slowdown. Export growth slowed down, import growth declined, inflation remained at a low level, consumption continued to weaken, and investment in manufacturing, infrastructure, and real estate all declined significantly [40][43]. - In September, the leading indicators continued to improve, but there were still concerns. The official manufacturing PMI increased by 0.4 percentage points to 49.8%, but the new - order index representing demand increased the least. The non - manufacturing business activity index decreased by 0.3 percentage points to 50.0%, and the construction and service industries' prosperity declined [49]. - High - frequency indicators showed that in September, there was a supply - demand divergence. Production indicators continued to rise, while domestic - demand indicators were weak, and external demand showed resilience [52]. 3.2.2 Policy Aspect - In the short term, the possibility of additional monetary - policy easing is low. The central bank is likely to focus on implementing existing policies. Attention should be paid to the possibility of fiscal - end stimulus and the central bank restarting bond purchases, especially the possibility of issuing special Treasury bonds in the fourth - quarter NPC Standing Committee meeting [58]. 3.2.3 Funding Aspect - In October, the funding situation is expected to remain stable and loose. The seasonal pressure on the funding side is weaker than in September. The main risk is the possible additional issuance of government bonds, but the central bank is likely to provide hedging [60][63]. 3.3 Next - Month Market Outlook 3.3.1 Market Logic and Outlook - In October, the bond market may still face more negatives than positives. After the negatives are realized, the bond market may stabilize, but the rally may need to wait for the resurgence of easing expectations [67]. 3.3.2 Arbitrage Strategy Outlook - **Cash - and - Carry Arbitrage**: Currently, there are no obvious positive - arbitrage opportunities, and reverse arbitrage should be participated in with caution. Some non - CTD bonds of 30 - year and 10 - year bonds have reverse - arbitrage space, but there is a risk of non - convergence at maturity [68]. - **Basis Strategy**: Focus on going long on the basis of short - end contracts. As the short - end varieties may return from a premium state to a normal discount state, and the current basis is at a relatively low level in the same historical period, there may be more room for upward regression [68]. - **Calendar - Spread Strategy**: It is not recommended to participate due to the poor liquidity of the next - quarter 03 contracts [69]. - **Inter - Commodity Spread Strategy**: In the short term, focus on steepening the yield curve. In October, the funding situation is expected to be stable, but the possibility of monetary easing is low, and more credit - expansion policies may lead to an increase in long - end yields [69].