电子 2025 年 03 月 31 日 行 业 研 究 SEMICON 亮点纷呈，国产半导体迎黄金发展周期 投资要点： 行 业 定 期 报 告 2025 年 3 月 26 日-28 日，中国规模最大、最全面的半导体行业展览会 之一 SEMICON China 于上海召开。今年展会汇聚了全球约 1400 多家知名 企业，涵盖芯片设计、晶圆制造、封装测试、EDA/IP、半导体设备及材料 等全产业链，同时国际厂商参与更为深度、本土企业新品发布琳琅满目、 并围绕前沿技术密集讨论，展现出我国半导体产业蓬勃的生机与加速发展 的势头。 半导体设备：国产设备厂商正通过技术差异化和产品平台化战略，重 构全球半导体市场话语权。 设备蓬勃推出直接拉动上游零部件供应链进入黄金周期。半导体设备 新品蓬勃发布的背后，是半导体零部件的深度协同，除了先进设备与制程 电子 强于大市（维持评级） 一年内行业相对大盘走势 团队成员 分析师： 杨钟(S0210522110003) YZ3979@hfzq.com.cn 研究助理： 詹小瑁(S0210123120002) zxm30169@hfzq.com.cn 相关报告 1、【华福电子】行业专题报告 ...

Investment Rating - The industry rating is "Outperform the Market" [8] Core Insights - The report discusses the impact of President Trump's announcement on March 27 to impose a 25% tariff on all cars not manufactured in the U.S. and certain auto parts, effective April 2. This tariff is expected to generate an additional $100 billion in revenue for the U.S. government annually [13][14] - The report highlights that in 2024, China's car exports to the U.S. account for only 1.8% of total exports, with a market share of less than 0.6%. The tariff will have a limited impact on complete vehicle exports but may affect parts exports, valued at $10.11 billion [3][14] - The launch of the Yangwang U7, a flagship large electric sedan priced between 628,000 to 708,000 yuan, is noted as a significant development in the domestic luxury electric vehicle market [15][19] Market Performance - From March 24 to March 28, the automotive sector declined by 1%, underperforming the CSI 300 index by 1 percentage point. Year-to-date, the automotive sector has increased by 12.3%, ranking second among 31 sectors [20][25] - The report indicates that retail sales of passenger vehicles from March 1 to 23 reached 1.154 million units, a year-on-year increase of 18%, while new energy vehicle retail sales were 622,000 units, up 30% year-on-year [6][39] Key Data - The report provides data on vehicle sales, indicating that wholesale passenger vehicle sales from March 1 to 23 were 1.321 million units, a 16% increase year-on-year, with new energy vehicle wholesale sales at 670,000 units, up 35% [40][43] - The report also mentions that the overall automotive sales in February were 2.129 million units, with a year-on-year growth of 34.4% [43][44] New Vehicle Highlights - The Yangwang U7 features a four-motor architecture, advanced driving assistance systems, and a unique suspension control system, marking a significant advancement in the electric vehicle sector [16][19] - The report lists several new vehicle launches, including the Yangwang U7 and models from BYD, highlighting their specifications and price ranges [80]

行 业 研 究 投资要点： 事件：2025 年 3 月 30 日，中国银行、建设银行、交通银行、邮储银 行四家国有大行宣布通过定向增发 A 股股票补充核心一级资本。 定增方案 行 业 动 态 跟 踪 四家银行本次发行拟募资规模合计 5200 亿元，募资全部用于补充核心 一级资本。具体来看，募资金额分别为：中国银行 1650 亿元、建设银 行 1050 亿元、交通银行 1200 亿、邮储银行 1300 亿，其中财政部包揽 主要份额（约 5000 亿元）。 银行 大行增资靴子落地，金融支持实体能力增强 定增影响 短期内，定增会对公司的 ROE 和股息率将有一定的摊薄效应，我们 根据对应公司 2024 年末数据进行静态测算： 2025 年我们对子板块的排序是股份行>城商行>国有行>农商行（我们 认为渝农商行、沪农商行、常熟银行和城商行联动更紧密，可在排序 中归入城商行维度）。 本次募资为溢价发行，限售期 5 年。交通银行、邮储银行、建设银行、 中国银行的定增价较现价（3 月 28 日收盘价）分别溢价 18%、22%、 9%、10%，定增价对应 2024 年报 PB 分别为 0.67 倍、0.76 倍、0.73 倍、 ...

行 业 研 华福证券 汽车 2025 年 03 月 31 日 究 行 业 定 期 报 告 周观点（0324-0328）：人形机器人聚焦核心&主 业有支撑&设备端标的，静待后续催化及资金回 补 投资要点： 汽车板块：关注年报行情 1、近期行情： 本周申万汽车指数下跌 1%、申万一级行业排名 12/31 位。 2、行业变化： 1）据乘联会，3 月 1-23 日，乘用车零售 115.4 万辆，同比去年同期增长 18%， 较上月同期增长 25%；乘用车批发 132.1 万辆，同比去年同期增长 16%， 较上月同期增长 33%。 2）截至 3 月 24 日，全国汽车以旧换新申请量合计超过 150 万台。 3）3 月 27 日，特朗普宣布将对所有不在美国本土制造的汽车，以及特定 汽车零部件加征最高 25%关税。 3、行情复盘： 截至 3 月 23 日，今年乘用车批发销量增长 13%，其中新能源乘用车批发销 量增长 44%，属于较强表现，行业β较好。上海车展临近，新车发布预计 密集催化。特斯拉 FSD 入华，比亚迪推出天神之眼，吉利汽车推出千里浩 瀚智驾，零跑 B10 首搭城区 NOA 开启预售，极氪、广汽和奇瑞先后发布 ...

Investment Rating - The industry rating is "Outperform the Market," indicating that the overall return of the industry is expected to exceed the market benchmark index by more than 5% in the next 6 months [9][16]. Core Insights - The report highlights that the 3D printing sector is entering a phase of large-scale production, driven by companies like Zhongshan Precision Technology, which is establishing a comprehensive 3D printing industrial chain with a planned total investment exceeding 10 billion yuan [4][7]. - The adoption of 3D printing technology is gaining momentum among major consumer electronics brands, with companies like Honor, OPPO, and Apple actively integrating 3D printing into their products [4]. - A breakthrough in beam shaping technology by Huashu High-Tech has significantly improved printing efficiency, doubling the sintering efficiency compared to traditional Gaussian beams, while maintaining high material density [5]. Summary by Sections Industry Dynamics - The Guangzhou government has signed a framework agreement with Zhongshan Precision to develop a comprehensive additive manufacturing industrial base, with an expected annual output value exceeding 20 billion yuan [4]. - The report notes a trend of cost reduction in the industry, with the price of titanium alloy powder for 3D printing expected to drop from 600 yuan/kg in 2023 to below 300 yuan/kg in 2024, a decrease of 50% [6]. - The report also mentions that the price of sponge titanium is projected to decline, reaching historical lows, which will further support cost reduction in the industry [6]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on companies such as Bolite (a leader in domestic metal 3D printing), Huashu High-Tech (a leading 3D printing company driven by technological innovation), Jintaiyang (a key player in post-processing for 3D printing), and Dazhu Laser (a core component supplier for 3D printing) [7].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" with an expectation of a relative increase in stock price of over 20% compared to the market benchmark index within the next six months [16]. Core Views - The company reported a significant decline in revenue and net profit for 2024, with revenue at 13.063 billion yuan, down 67.75% year-on-year, and a net loss of 7.905 billion yuan, a decrease of 208.32% year-on-year. The primary reason for this decline was the termination of the Quinan lithium hydroxide project, leading to a full impairment of assets worth 2.114 billion yuan [3][5]. - The production and sales of lithium concentrate showed a decrease in Q4 2024, with production at 392,000 tons (down 3.3% quarter-on-quarter) and sales at 312,000 tons (down 20.3% quarter-on-quarter) [4]. - The average selling price of lithium concentrate in Q4 2024 was 736 USD/ton, reflecting a 15.6% decrease quarter-on-quarter [4]. - The company anticipates a gradual recovery in net profit from 1.616 billion yuan in 2025 to 3.38 billion yuan in 2027, with corresponding PE ratios of 31, 17, and 15 [5]. Financial Data Summary - For 2024, the company achieved a revenue of 13.063 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth rate of -68%. The net profit was -7.905 billion yuan, with a growth rate of -208% [6]. - The average cash production cost for lithium concentrate in 2024 was 326 AUD/ton, an increase of 14.59% year-on-year [5]. - The company’s inventory of lithium concentrate decreased by 26.9% year-on-year, indicating ongoing inventory digestion [5].

Investment Rating - The industry rating is "Outperform the Market," indicating that the overall return of the industry is expected to exceed the market benchmark index by more than 5% in the next 6 months [16]. Core Insights - The China National Nuclear Corporation's Southwest Institute of Physics has achieved significant milestones with the "China Fusion Reactor No. 3," reaching atomic temperatures of 117 million degrees Celsius and electron temperatures of 160 million degrees Celsius, marking a substantial advancement in fusion research [3]. - The report highlights the importance of nuclear power as a clean, safe, and efficient energy source, emphasizing its role in promoting green energy transition and addressing global climate change [6]. - Original core technologies developed in China are setting international standards in the field of nuclear fusion, with the ISO international standard for innovative technologies being established [5]. Company Summaries - **Jia Dian Co., Ltd.**: The company's main helium fan is the only power device for the fourth-generation high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, and its subsidiary, Harbin Electric Machinery Co., is a leader in nuclear pump products [7]. - **Guoguang Electric**: The company provides key components for the ITER project, focusing on filter and cladding systems [7]. - **Lanshi Heavy Industry**: The company covers the entire nuclear energy supply chain, including upstream nuclear fuel systems, midstream nuclear power plant equipment, and downstream spent fuel processing [7]. - **Kexin Electromechanical**: The company has developed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor products and has replaced imports with new fuel transport containers [7]. - **Hailu Heavy Industry**: The company services various reactor types, including third and fourth-generation reactors and thermal nuclear fusion reactors (ITER) [7]. - **Jiangsu Shentong**: The company has secured over 90% of orders for nuclear-grade butterfly valves and nuclear-grade ball valves for new nuclear power projects in China [7]. - **Xianheng International**: The company's products are utilized in the operation and maintenance of nuclear energy and nuclear power sectors [7].

计算机 2025 年 03 月 30 日 行 业 研 究 计算机 大模型硝烟再起，DeepSeek、通义千问、Google、 OpenAI 先后迎来更新 投资要点： DeepSeek-V3 模型更新，各项能力全面进阶 行 业 定 期 报 告 据 DeepSeek 官微，3 月 25 日，DeepSeek V3 模型已完成小版本 升级，目前版本号 DeepSeek-V3-0324，DeepSeek-V3-0324 与之前的 DeepSeek-V3 使用同样的 base 模型，仅改进了后训练方法。私有化 部署时只需要更新 checkpoint 和 tokenizer_config.json（tool calls 相关 变动）。模型参数约 660B，开源版本上下文长度为 128K（网页端、 App 和 API 提供 64K 上下文）。 通义千问 Qwen2.5-Omni-7B 正式开源，展现全模态优异性能 据阿里云开发者官微，3 月 27 日，通义千问 Qwen2.5-Omni-7B 正 式开源。作为通义系列模型中首个端到端全模态大模型，可同时处理 文本、图像、音频和视频等多种输入，并实时生成文本与自然语音合 成输 ...

行 华福证券 轨交设备Ⅱ 2025 年 03 月 30 日 业 研 究 轨交设备Ⅱ 推动卫星定位技术，国家铁路局发布《铁路工程卫星定 位测量规范》 投资要点： 卫星定位技术发展，国家铁路局编制铁路测量规范 行 业 定 期 报 告 近年来，北斗卫星导航系统全面建成并应用，全球卫星导航与位 置服务能力飞速发展。自上世纪 90 年代起，卫星定位测量技术凭借 众多优势在铁路工程建设中得到推广应用，取得了丰富成果。为更好 利用该技术，规范和统一铁路工程卫星定位测量工作，提升测量水平， 国家铁路局组织编制了铁路行业标准《铁路工程卫星定位测量规范》 TB 10054-2025。 新规范亮点突出，多技术要求更新优化 新版《铁路工程卫星定位测量规范》坚持创新、科学、先进的原 则。它总结了北斗等卫星定位测量技术的应用成果和实践经验，明确 了北斗技术应用要求，新增卫星定位高程测量、实时动态定位测量 （RTK）、变形监测、连续运行基准站网建设等技术要求，同时优化 了控制网等级分级与精度要求。例如明确测量基准，新增基准站网建 设技术要求。此次制修订由铁一院等单位负责，公众可在国家铁路局 官网查询相关信息。 营业里程持续增长，20 万公 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the company, expecting a relative increase of over 20% in stock price compared to the market benchmark within the next six months [18]. Core Views - The company reported a revenue of 3.765 billion yuan for 2024, representing a year-on-year increase of 6.45%, and a net profit of 821 million yuan, up 11.67% year-on-year [2]. - The operating cash flow for 4Q24 doubled year-on-year, indicating improved profitability, with a net cash flow of 530 million yuan, a 121.76% increase [3]. - The company is focusing on the excavation of existing landfill waste and the construction of heating networks in 2025, which are expected to enhance operational capacity and profitability [4]. - The company is positioned in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, leveraging its unique location for potential AIDC (Artificial Intelligence Data Center) empowerment, which could reduce carbon emissions from data centers [5]. Financial Summary - For 2024, the company achieved a total waste processing volume of 9.2856 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 11.83%, with a capacity utilization rate rising from 70.89% in 2023 to 79.28% in 2024, an increase of 8.38 percentage points [4]. - The projected net profits for 2025 and 2026 are 959 million yuan and 1.061 billion yuan, respectively, with an EPS of 1.07 yuan and 1.18 yuan per share [5]. - The overall gross margin for 2024 was 41.87%, a decrease of 3.43 percentage points year-on-year, while the gross margin for 4Q24 was 38.57%, an increase of 4.34 percentage points year-on-year [3].