1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided 2. Core View - On July 17, 2025, different market sectors showed various trends in trading volume, holding amount, and trading - holding ratios. For example, the stock index sector had an increase in both trading volume and holding amount, while the treasury bond sector had a decrease in trading volume but an increase in holding amount [1]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Plate Liquidity - The report presents data on trading volume, holding amount, and trading - holding ratios for multiple market sectors including stock index, treasury bond, basic metal, precious metal, energy - chemical, agricultural product, and black building material sectors. It also provides figures related to these aspects such as trading - holding ratios, trading volume change rates, holding amounts, etc. [1][2][4] 3.2 Stock Index Plate - On July 17, 2025, the stock index sector had a trading volume of 5374.04 billion yuan, a 1.34% increase from the previous trading day. The holding amount was 10821.84 billion yuan, a 2.76% increase. The trading - holding ratio was 49.59% [1]. 3.3 Treasury Bond Plate - The treasury bond sector had a trading volume of 2606.24 billion yuan on July 17, 2025, a 4.56% decrease from the previous trading day. The holding amount was 9072.33 billion yuan, a 0.20% increase. The trading - holding ratio was 29.01% [1]. 3.4 Basic Metal and Precious Metal (Metal Plate) - The basic metal sector had a trading volume of 4441.70 billion yuan, a 12.92% increase, and a holding amount of 4882.71 billion yuan, a 1.99% increase. The trading - holding ratio was 122.02%. The precious metal sector had a trading volume of 5384.61 billion yuan, a 36.71% increase, and a holding amount of 4535.74 billion yuan, a 1.45% increase. The trading - holding ratio was 118.61% [1]. 3.5 Energy - Chemical Plate - The energy - chemical sector had a trading volume of 4389.77 billion yuan on July 17, 2025, an 8.20% increase from the previous trading day. The holding amount was 4420.29 billion yuan, a 0.13% increase. The trading - holding ratio was 73.99% [1]. 3.6 Agricultural Product Plate - The agricultural product sector had a trading volume of 3415.00 billion yuan on July 17, 2025, a 33.30% increase from the previous trading day. The holding amount was 5874.09 billion yuan, a 1.82% increase. The trading - holding ratio was 54.68% [1]. 3.7 Black Building Material Plate - The black building material sector had a trading volume of 2586.00 billion yuan on July 17, 2025, a 22.70% increase from the previous trading day. The holding amount was 3874.31 billion yuan, a 1.72% increase. The trading - holding ratio was 66.68% [2].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Citigroup upgraded its rating on the Chinese stock market to "Overweight," with a year - end target of 25,000 for the Hang Seng Index and 4,200 for the CSI 300 Index [1] 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Overseas markets: Driven by strong growth in US retail sales data in June and a continuous decline in the number of initial jobless claims, the three major US stock indexes closed higher [2] - Domestic markets: The A - share market continues its structural market characteristics. The national defense and military industry sector leads the gains, highlighting the performance - driven main line. Sectors with performance support such as rare earth permanent magnets, biomedicine, and consumer electronics are expected to regain upward momentum based on fundamental advantages after a short - term technical correction [2] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Macro - economic Charts - The report includes charts showing the relationship between the US dollar index and A - share trends, US Treasury yields and A - share trends, RMB exchange rates and A - share trends, and US Treasury yields and A - share style trends [5][7][9] Spot Market Tracking Charts - **Stock Index Performance**: On July 17, 2025, the Shanghai Composite Index rose 0.37% to 3,516.83 points, the Shenzhen Component Index rose 1.43% to 10,873.62 points, the ChiNext Index rose 1.76% to 2,269.33 points, the CSI 300 Index rose 0.68% to 4,034.49 points, the SSE 50 Index fell 0.23% to 2,744.26 points, the CSI 500 Index rose 1.08% to 6,082.46 points, and the CSI 1000 Index rose 1.14% to 6,535.67 points [12] - **Transaction Volume**: The trading volume of the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets rebounded to 1.5 trillion yuan [1] - **Charts**: Include charts of the trading volume of the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets and the margin trading balance [5][13] Stock Index Futures Tracking Charts - **Volume and Open Interest**: The trading volume and open interest of IH and IF contracts increased synchronously. The trading volume of IC and IM contracts decreased, while the open interest increased [1][16] - **Basis**: The basis of the current - month contracts basically converged. The report details the basis of IF, IH, IC, and IM contracts for the current - month, next - month, current - quarter, and next - quarter contracts [1][36][38] - **Inter - period Spread**: The report provides the inter - period spreads of IF, IH, IC, and IM contracts, including next - month minus current - month, next - quarter minus current - month, etc., along with their changes [46][47] - **Charts**: Include charts of contract open interest, open - interest ratios, foreign - funded net open positions, basis, and inter - period spreads for IH, IF, IC, and IM contracts [5]

Report Summary 1) Report Industry Investment Rating - The report does not provide an industry investment rating. 2) Core Viewpoints - The cost - end guidance for asphalt is unclear, and the spot market has a strong wait - and - see sentiment. The current situation of crude oil prices is volatile, with a pattern of strong reality and weak expectations, resulting in limited cost - end direction guidance for asphalt. The overall supply - and - demand of asphalt remains weak, inventory is at a low level, and market contradictions are relatively insignificant. There are growth expectations for both supply and demand of asphalt in the future, and attention should be paid to changes in inventory trends [1]. 3) Summary by Related Catalogs Market Analysis - On July 17, the closing price of the main asphalt futures contract BU2509 in the afternoon session was 3,628 yuan/ton, up 11 yuan/ton or 0.3% from the previous day's settlement price. The open interest was 226,709 lots, a net increase of 1,229 lots, and the trading volume was 185,709 lots, an increase of 77,446 lots [1]. - The spot settlement prices of heavy - traffic asphalt from Zhuochuang Information are as follows: Northeast: 3,900 - 4,086 yuan/ton; Shandong: 3,660 - 4,070 yuan/ton; South China: 3,600 - 3,630 yuan/ton; East China: 3,660 - 3,800 yuan/ton. The spot price of asphalt in the North China market decreased slightly yesterday, while prices in other regions remained stable [1]. Strategy - Unilateral: Oscillation; Inter - delivery spread: None; Inter - commodity spread: None; Futures - spot: None; Options: None [2]

Report Industry Investment Rating - Unilateral: Neutral; Inter - period: 09 - 01 reverse spread; Inter - variety: Short coal - based profit [3] Core View - The polyolefin market continues fundamental trading, with weak and stable prices. During the upstream petrochemical plant maintenance season, the number of maintenance enterprises increases slightly, capacity utilization decreases, and new capacity continues to be released, so the overall supply maintains an increasing trend. Enterprises' inventory accumulates, and the destocking rate is slow. Downstream demand remains in the off - season, the terminal operating rate remains low, and the overall operating rate changes little. Purchases are mainly for rigid demand, and there is little hope for improvement in the short term. International oil prices and propane prices continue to be weak, and are expected to remain weak, with weak cost support, and PDH - made PP profit remains slightly profitable [1][2] Summary by Directory 1. Polyolefin Basis Structure - L主力合约收盘价为7215元/吨（+1），PP主力合约收盘价为7020元/吨（+7），LL华北现货为7150元/吨（-10），LL华东现货为7190元/吨（-30），PP华东现货为7070元/吨（-10），LL华北基差为 - 65元/吨（-11），LL华东基差为 - 25元/吨（-31），PP华东基差为50元/吨（-17） [1] 2. Production Profit and Operating Rate - PE开工率为78.2%（+0.4%），PP开工率为77.3%（+0.7%）；PE油制生产利润为171.7元/吨（+4.6），PP油制生产利润为 - 208.3元/吨（+4.6），PDH制PP生产利润为301.8元/吨（+56.9） [1] 3. Polyolefin Non - Standard Price Difference - No specific data provided in the given text 4. Polyolefin Import and Export Profit - LL进口利润为 - 101.2元/吨（+76.3），PP进口利润为 - 672.8元/吨（+0.0），PP出口利润为34.2美元/吨（+0.0） [1] 5. Polyolefin Downstream Operating Rate and Downstream Profit - PE下游农膜开工率为12.5%（-0.2%），PE下游包装膜开工率为48.6%（+0.5%），PP下游塑编开工率为41.4%（-0.6%），PP下游BOPP膜开工率为60.8%（+0.2%） [1] 6. Polyolefin Inventory - No specific data provided in the given text

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Report's Core View - For the nickel market, the supply surplus situation persists, and the short - term operation is recommended to be postponed. The medium - and long - term strategy is to sell and hedge at high prices. The expected trading range is between 117,000 - 118,000 and 122,000 - 123,000 [1][2]. - For the stainless steel market, the market confidence is insufficient, and the short - term operation is also recommended to be postponed. The medium - and long - term strategy is to sell and hedge at high prices. The expected trading range is between 124,000 - 125,000 and 130,000 - 131,000 [3][4]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs Nickel Variety - **Market Analysis** - On July 17, 2025, the Shanghai nickel main contract 2508 opened at 119,700 yuan/ton and closed at 119,880 yuan/ton, a change of - 0.60% from the previous trading day. The trading volume was 85,829 lots, and the open interest was 53,426 lots. The trading volume decreased significantly, and the open interest decreased slightly compared with the previous trading day. The short - term callback demand exists, and the 117,000 level is estimated to be a strong support in the medium and long term [1]. - In the spot market, the prices of mainstream brands decreased. The premium of Jinchuan nickel changed by 50 yuan/ton to 2,050 yuan/ton, the premium of imported nickel remained at 350 yuan/ton, and the premium of nickel beans was 0 yuan/ton. The previous trading day's Shanghai nickel warehouse receipt volume was 20,958 (- 91.0) tons, and the LME nickel inventory was 207,282 (- 6) tons [1]. - **Strategy** - The short - term operation is recommended to be postponed. The medium - and long - term strategy is to sell and hedge at high prices. The expected trading range is between 117,000 - 118,000 and 122,000 - 123,000. The strategy for single - side trading is mainly range - bound operation, and there are no strategies for inter - period, cross - variety, spot - futures, and options trading [2]. Stainless Steel Variety - **Market Analysis** - On July 17, 2025, the stainless steel main contract 2508 opened at 12,690 yuan/ton and closed at 12,730 yuan/ton. The trading volume was 152,176 lots, and the open interest was 104,645 lots. The trading volume of the 09 contract was basically flat, and the open interest increased slightly compared with the previous trading day. The pressure levels are around 12,700 and 13,100, and the 12,400 level is estimated to be a strong support in the medium and long term [2][3]. - In the spot market, most merchants' quotes in the Foshan market were flat in the morning, and hot - rolled merchants raised their quotes after the lunch break. The spot trading volume did not recover well, and market confidence was still insufficient. The nickel - iron price is expected to be weak in the short term. The stainless steel prices in Wuxi and Foshan markets were 12,750 yuan/ton, and the 304/2B premium was 180 - 380 yuan/ton [3]. - **Strategy** - The short - term operation is recommended to be postponed. The medium - and long - term strategy is to sell and hedge at high prices. The expected trading range is between 124,000 - 125,000 and 130,000 - 131,000. The single - side trading strategy is neutral, and there are no strategies for inter - period, cross - variety, spot - futures, and options trading [4].

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - The investment strategy for the industry is neutral [4] Group 2: Core View of the Report - The prices of the three major oils oscillated yesterday. Indonesia's plan to prepare the B50 program boosted market confidence, but the bumper harvest in South America exerted pressure on the market, resulting in an overall continuation of the oscillation [3] Group 3: Market Analysis Futures - The closing price of the palm oil 2509 contract yesterday was 8,796.00 yuan/ton, with a环比 change of +74 yuan and a幅度 of +0.85% - The closing price of the soybean oil 2509 contract yesterday was 8,072.00 yuan/ton, with a环比 change of +30.00 yuan and a幅度 of +0.37% - The closing price of the rapeseed oil 2509 contract yesterday was 9,440.00 yuan/ton, with a环比 change of -30.00 yuan and a幅度 of -0.32% [1] Spot - The spot price of palm oil in Guangdong was 8,830.00 yuan/ton, with a环比 change of +40.00 yuan and a幅度 of +0.46%, and the spot basis was P09 + 34.00, with a环比 change of -34.00 yuan - The spot price of first-grade soybean oil in Tianjin was 8,210.00 yuan/ton, with a环比 change of +10.00 yuan/ton and a幅度 of +0.12%, and the spot basis was Y09 + 138.00, with a环比 change of -20.00 yuan - The spot price of fourth-grade rapeseed oil in Jiangsu was 9,560.00 yuan/ton, with a环比 change of -30.00 yuan and a幅度 of -0.31%, and the spot basis was OI09 + 120.00, with a环比 change of +0.00 yuan [1] Group 4: Recent Market Consultation Summary Brazil - The Brazilian Vegetable Oil Industry Association (Abiove) raised its production estimates for Brazilian soybean meal and soybean oil in 2025 - The estimated export revenue of the Brazilian soybean complex (grains, soybean meal, and soybean oil) in 2025 is 53.66 billion US dollars, compared to the May forecast of 53.38 billion US dollars - The estimated soybean production in Brazil in 2025 reached a record 169.7 million tons, unchanged from the June forecast - The estimated soybean processing volume in Brazil in 2025 was raised to 57.8 million tons, compared to the June forecast of 57.5 million tons - The estimated soybean export volume in Brazil in 2025 was raised to 109 million tons, compared to the June forecast of 108.2 million tons [2] United States - The net sales of US soybean exports in the 2024/2025 season were 272,000 tons, compared to 503,000 tons the previous week; the net sales of soybeans in the 2025/2026 season were 530,000 tons, compared to 248,000 tons the previous week - The export shipments of US soybeans in the 2024/2025 season were 276,000 tons, compared to 396,000 tons the previous week - The net sales of US soybeans to China in the 2024/2025 season were 0 tons, the same as the previous week; the net sales of soybeans to China in the 2025/2026 season were 0 tons, the same as the previous week - The cumulative sales of US soybeans to China in the 2024/2025 season were 22.478 million tons, the same as the previous week; the export shipments of US soybeans to China in the 2024/2025 season were 0 tons, the same as the previous week - The cumulative shipments of US soybeans to China in the 2024/2025 season were 22.478 million tons, the same as the previous week; the unshipped US soybeans to China in the 2024/2025 season were 0 tons, the same as the previous week; the unshipped US soybeans to China in the 2025/2026 season were 0 tons, the same as the previous week [2] Indonesia - An Indonesian energy department official said that Indonesia is studying how to increase the biodiesel blending ratio to 50%, and the relevant research is expected to be completed by the end of the year. Whether to implement B50 in 2026 has not been determined, and the government needs to calculate the demand for palm oil and the financial support plan [2]

Report Summary 1. Investment Rating - Unilateral: Cautiously bearish [4] - Arbitrage: Neutral [4] 2. Core View - The spot premium of zinc continues to weaken. With sufficient raw material reserves downstream, positive US macro - data, and rising commodity prices, pressure on zinc premium will continue. The supply surplus expectation remains unchanged in the second half of the year due to increasing import ore TC, rising zinc concentrate production, and high domestic smelting profits. Although downstream consumption shows some resilience, it cannot offset the high growth on the supply side, leading to a continuous inventory build - up trend [3]. 3. Key Data Summary Spot Market - LME zinc spot premium is -$8.95 per ton. SMM Shanghai zinc spot price rose by 60 yuan/ton to 22,110 yuan/ton, with the premium down 10 yuan/ton to 20 yuan/ton. SMM Guangdong zinc spot price rose by 60 yuan/ton to 22,030 yuan/ton, with the premium down 10 yuan/ton to - 60 yuan/ton. SMM Tianjin zinc spot price rose by 70 yuan/ton to 22,070 yuan/ton, with the premium unchanged at - 20 yuan/ton [1]. Futures Market - On July 17, 2025, the SHFE zinc main contract opened at 21,975 yuan/ton and closed at 22,130 yuan/ton, up 115 yuan/ton. Trading volume was 77,512 lots, down 11,957 lots from the previous day, and positions were 67,223 lots, down 11,088 lots. The intraday price fluctuated between 21,970 yuan/ton and 22,170 yuan/ton [1]. Inventory - As of July 17, 2025, SMM's seven - region zinc ingot inventory was 93,500 tons, up 3,200 tons from last week. LME zinc inventory was 121,475 tons, up 125 tons from the previous day [1][2]. 4. Market Analysis - Spot market: The spot premium is weakening. Sufficient downstream raw material reserves and positive US macro - data will continue to pressure the zinc premium. - Cost side: Import ore TC is rising. Vedanta's Q2 report shows a 7% year - on - year increase in zinc concentrate production. High domestic smelting profits and sufficient raw material inventory of smelters lead to low procurement enthusiasm. - Consumption side: Downstream operating rates show resilience, but cannot offset the high growth on the supply side. Social inventory is increasing, and the inventory build - up trend is expected to continue in the second half of the year [3].

Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. Core Viewpoints - The freight rates in the container shipping industry are currently at a high level and are expected to remain volatile. The 8 - month contract is in a high - level oscillation and game - based delivery situation, while the 10 - month contract is mainly for short - position allocation, and the 12 - month contract is affected by the potential resumption of the Suez Canal [3][4]. - The strategies include the main contract oscillating, an arbitrage strategy of going long on the 12 - month contract and short on the 10 - month contract, and shorting the 10 - month contract when the price is high [7]. Summary by Directory 1. Market Analysis - Online quotes show different price levels for various shipping companies on the Shanghai - Rotterdam route. For example, Maersk's Shanghai - Rotterdam price in the 31st week is 1855/3110, and HPL's 8 - month first - half - month shipping schedule quote is 2235/3535 [1]. - Geopolitically, there has been "significant progress" in the Gaza cease - fire negotiations. The weekly average capacity on the China - European base port route in July is 303,500 TEU, and in August it is 310,000 TEU. There are 5 blank sailings in July and 2 in August, mostly from the OA alliance. Maersk will add two additional ships in August [2]. 2. Contract Analysis - **8 - month contract**: The freight rate is in high - level oscillation. The estimated average freight rate in the first half of August is about $3200/FEU. The final settlement price of the 08 contract may be around 2200 points [3]. - **10 - month contract**: It is a off - season contract, mainly for short - position allocation. Normally, the price in October is 20% - 30% lower than that in August. Attention should be paid to whether Maersk's pricing strategy will change due to the addition of two ships in August [4]. - **12 - month contract**: The regular pattern of peak and off - season still exists. The risk lies in whether the Suez Canal will resume navigation. Usually, the price in December is more than 10% higher than that in October [4]. 3. Futures and Spot Prices - As of July 17, 2025, the total open interest of all contracts of the container shipping index European route futures is 84,091 lots, and the single - day trading volume is 80,457 lots. The closing prices of different contracts vary, such as EC2602 at 1485.70 and EC2508 at 2164.50 [5]. - On July 11, 2025, the SCFI (Shanghai - Europe route) price is $2099/TEU, the SCFI (Shanghai - US West route) price is $2194/TEU, and the SCFI (Shanghai - US East) price is $4172/FEU. On July 14, the SCFIS (Shanghai - Europe) is 2421.94 points, and the SCFIS (Shanghai - US West) is 1266.59 points [5][6]. 4. Container Ship Capacity Supply - 2025 is a major year for container ship deliveries. As of July 11, 2025, 141 container ships have been delivered, with a total capacity of 1.194 million TEU. Among them, 46 ships with a capacity of 12,000 - 16,999 TEU have a total capacity of 689,300 TEU, and 7 ships with a capacity of over 17,000 TEU have a total capacity of 159,880 TEU [6]. 5. Strategies and Risks - **Strategies**: The main contract oscillates. The arbitrage strategy is to go long on the 12 - month contract and short on the 10 - month contract, and short the 10 - month contract when the price is high [7]. - **Risks**: Downward risks include an unexpected decline in the European and American economies, a sharp drop in oil prices, unexpected ship deliveries, insufficient ship idling, and a good resolution of the Red Sea crisis. Upward risks include the recovery of the European and American economies, supply chain issues, significant capacity reduction by liner companies, and the continuous fermentation of the Red Sea crisis leading to ship detours [7].

农产品日报 | 2025-07-18 供应偏紧预期增强，郑棉期价强势上冲 棉花观点 市场要闻与重要数据 期货方面，昨日收盘棉花2509合约14250元/吨，较前一日变动+260元/吨，幅度+1.86%。现货方面，3128B棉新疆 到厂价15316元/吨，较前一日变动+101元/吨，现货基差CF09+1066，较前一日变动-159；3128B棉全国均价15354 元/吨，较前一日变动+82元/吨，现货基差CF09+1104，较前一日变动-178。 近期市场资讯，据巴西当地行业机构数据，截至7月12日，巴西新棉收获进度约13.6%，较近五年均值低5.6个百分 点。价格方面，受巴西棉花丰产影响，其国内棉价承压走弱，但仍高于国际棉价。具体来看，16日巴西现货棉价 为73.83美分/磅，较前一日下跌0.63%，处于近两个月次低位置。 市场分析 昨日郑棉期价强势上涨。国际方面，7月USDA供需报告上调全球棉花产量及期末库存，调整方向偏空。目前来看 今年供应端天气的叙事性不足，考虑到巴西和中国的增产预期，25/26年度全球棉市仍将处于供应偏松格局。由于 美棉实播面积高于预期，主产区旱情较此前明显改善，USDA如预期上调美棉 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating - Gold: Cautiously bullish [8] - Silver: Cautiously bullish [8] - Arbitrage: Short the gold-silver ratio at high levels [9] - Options: On hold [9] Core Viewpoints - The market's expectation of a Fed rate cut in September is rising, and Fed Chairman Powell may be removed. Geopolitical factors are still changeable, so it is recommended to buy gold on dips for hedging [8] - Trump's tariff policy doesn't directly target silver, but Comex silver premium became strong due to the high premium of copper, so it is also recommended to buy silver on dips for hedging [8] Summary by Related Catalogs Strategy Summary - Fed Governor Kugler said the Fed should not cut rates "for some time" as tariff impacts are being passed on to consumer prices. A tight monetary policy is needed to control inflation expectations. The 4.1% unemployment rate shows a stable job market close to full employment, and inflation is above the 2% target and facing upward pressure from tariffs. US retail sales in June increased 0.6% month-on-month, exceeding the expected 0.1% [1] Futures Quotes and Volumes - On July 17, 2025, the Shanghai Gold main contract opened at 776.22 yuan/gram and closed at 776.28 yuan/gram, down 0.05% from the previous trading day. The trading volume was 41,087 lots, and the open interest was 129,725 lots. The night session closed at 776.74 yuan/gram, down 0.12% from the afternoon session [2] - On July 17, 2025, the Shanghai Silver main contract opened at 9,135.00 yuan/kg and closed at 9,166.00 yuan/kg, up 0.15% from the previous trading day. The trading volume was 906,865 lots, and the open interest was 438,247 lots. The night session closed at 9,204 yuan/kg, up 0.60% from the afternoon session [2] US Treasury Yield and Spread Monitoring - On July 17, 2025, the US 10-year Treasury yield closed at 4.46%, down 0.04% from the previous trading day. The 10-year - 2-year spread was 0.56%, down 2 basis points from the previous trading day [3] SHFE Gold and Silver Position and Volume Changes - On the Au2508 contract, the long position decreased by 1,831 lots and the short position decreased by 794 lots compared to the previous day. The total trading volume of Shanghai Gold contracts was 488,279 lots, up 47.74% from the previous trading day [4] - On the Ag2508 contract, the long position decreased by 610 lots and the short position decreased by 340 lots. The total trading volume of silver contracts was 1,155,692 lots, up 15.74% from the previous trading day [4] Precious Metal ETF Position Tracking - The gold ETF position was 948.50 tons, down 2.29 tons from the previous trading day. The silver ETF position was 14,694.95 tons, down 124.34 tons from the previous trading day [5] Precious Metal Arbitrage Tracking - On July 17, 2025, the domestic gold premium was 2.26 yuan/gram, and the domestic silver premium was -702.99 yuan/kg [6] - The ratio of the Shanghai Futures Exchange gold and silver main contract prices was about 84.69, down 0.20% from the previous trading day. The overseas gold-silver ratio was 88.16, up 0.40% from the previous trading day [6] Fundamental Data - On July 17, 2025, the trading volume of Shanghai Gold Exchange T+d gold was 31,414 kg, up 16.05% from the previous trading day. The silver trading volume was 281,830 kg, down 41.75% from the previous trading day. The gold delivery volume was 8,734 kg, and the silver delivery volume was 46,860 kg [7]